双取代乙二胺金属配合物的合成及抗菌活性

目的 设计合成一系列双取代乙二胺过渡金属配合物并寻找抗菌活性药物。方法以N，N’-双取代乙二胺为配体合成过渡金属配合物，并进行体外抑菌活性筛选。结果合成了6个(Ⅲ1-6)新配合物，其结构经红外光谱、元素分析确证。结论初步抑菌实验表明，合成的配合物对多种菌株有明显的抑制活性，有进一步研究的价值。     

新型Ni~(2+)配合物的合成及活性测试

<正> 过渡金属配合物的生物活性是人们所共知的。本文合成了两种过渡金属Ni~(2+)的配合物,并对它们进行了红外光谱、元素分析及抑菌活性实验,结果表明:两种配合物对几种受试细菌敏感。实验与结果1,配体的合成 取N~4—苯基—取代氨基硫脲0.1mol溶于95％乙醇,加入糠醛1ml,搅拌回流,收集沉淀,无水乙醇     

中国药物化学杂志2003年第13卷第1期～第6期(总51～56期)总目次

研究论文新型苯胺类苯并咪唑衍生物的合成及其生物活性杨日芳 ,恽榴红 ,丁振凯 ,等 (1) (1)……………………………………………………苯并吡喃 4 酮衍生物的合成及其趋骨性探讨黄文才 ,林　钢 ,翁玲玲　 (1) (8)…………………………………………………………2 乙酰噻吩吖嗪及其过渡金属配合物的合成与活性江银枝 ,胡惟孝　 (1) (12 )……………………………………………………………O 苄基丝氨酸苄酯盐酸盐的制备方法研究姚志勇 ,杨大成 ,范　莉　 (1) (16)……………………………………………………………4 巯基 3 噻吩甲酸甲酯的合…     

双取代乙二胺金属配合物的合成及抗菌活性

目的　设计合成一系列双取代乙二胺过渡金属配合物并寻找抗菌活性药物。方法　以N ,N′-双取代乙二胺为配体合成过渡金属配合物,并进行体外抑菌活性筛选。结果　合成了6个(Ⅲ_1-6)新配合物,其结构经红外光谱、元素分析确证。结论　初步抑菌实验表明,合成的配合物对多种菌株有明显的抑制活性,有进一步研究的价值。     

姜黄素-钌配合物的合成和抗氧化活性研究

目的合成和表征了姜黄素-钌金属配合物,并对其抗氧化活性进行初步的研究。方法以姜黄素为配体合成其钌的配合物,用红外光谱、紫外光谱、元素分析对配合物进行了表征,并进行抗氧化活性初步筛选。结果合成了姜黄素-钌的金属配合物,并确定其结构。结论活性筛选结果表明,配合物对自由基清除活性好于姜黄素。     

新型Cu(Ⅱ)配合物的合成与生物活性比较

<正> Schiff碱衍生物与许多金属配合物合成、应用的 研究近年来是人们研究的热点之一。研究表明,某 些Schiff碱衍生物具有抗癌、抗病毒、抑制细菌生长 等生物活性,配合物的生物活性常随配体组成的微 小变化而有明显的差异。因此,我们首先合成了以 水杨醛亚胺Schiff碱为配体的Cu(Ⅱ)配合物,为了 寻找活性最高,抗菌谱更广的抗癌抑菌药物,我们对 配体进行了结构修饰,合成了理化性及抑菌活性均 优于前者的4种Cu(Ⅱ)配合物。配体A(B)分别是 3——硝基(5—硝基)—N(2—羟基乙基)水杨醛亚胺 Schiff碱。     

芦荟大黄素金属配合物的抗菌活性研究

目的 合成芦荟大黄素-锰(Ⅱ)、芦荟大黄素-铁(Ⅲ)、芦荟大黄素-钴(Ⅱ)配合物并对其进行表征，比较配体和配合物的抗菌活性。方法 以芦荟大黄素为原料，在无水乙醇中通过搅拌、溶解合成芦荟大黄素-锰(Ⅱ)、芦荟大黄素-铁(Ⅲ)、芦荟大黄素-钴(Ⅱ)配合物，采用核磁共振氢谱法、配位滴定法、红外光谱法、热重-差热分析法、紫外光谱法对其结构进行表征，采用滤纸片测试法和二倍稀释法比较配体和配合物对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌等3种细菌的抑制作用。结果 配体及配合物对3种细菌均有不同程度的抑制作用，其中大多数配合物抗菌活性强于其配体。结论 芦荟大黄素与金属离子配位产生了协同抗菌作用。     

木犀草素缩苯胺席夫碱配合物的合成及抑菌活性

目的：基于木犀草素的生物活性和席夫碱的特有性质基础上,设计与金属形成一系列新型席夫碱金属配合物。方法：利用缩合反应,在无水乙醇中合成未见报道的黄酮类席夫碱过渡金属配合物。并通过元素分析、紫外光谱、红外光谱、摩尔电导等手段对其进行了结构表征和抗菌活性实验。结果：通过分析,初步确定了其分子式、结构和其．生物活性。结论：结构式为：配合物MLx．nC2H5OH。形成配合物后抑菌活性大大增强。     

大黄酸金属配合物的抑菌活性研究

目的:合成大黄酸的三种金属配合物并对其结构进行表征,对比研究配体和配合物对三种细菌的体外抑菌活性大小。方法:在无水乙醇中合成了大黄酸的三种金属配合物,采用紫外光谱法,红外光谱法,核磁共振氢谱法对产物结构进行表征,确定了配合物的组成及结构。采用二倍稀释法测定了配合物的最小抑菌浓度(MIC),采用滤纸片法测定了配体及配合物对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、大肠杆菌的抑菌活性大小。结果:合成的配合物经结构表征后,初步确定了其可能结构式为2分子大黄酸和1分子金属离子配位,抑菌活性测试结果表明,配合物的抑菌活性强于配体,其中大黄酸锰对于金黄色葡萄球菌以及大肠杆菌抑制作用都最强,抑菌圈大小分别达到了23.3、20.5 mm;而大黄酸钴对肺炎链球菌抑菌活性最强,抑菌圈达22.5 mm。二倍稀释法得出了配合物和配体的MIC值(最小抑菌浓度),根据该值大小可知,配合物抑菌活性总体上强于配体,但也有少部分与配体相当。结论:大黄酸和金属离子形成配合物后,抑菌活性增强。     

芦荟大黄素金属配合物的抗菌活性研究

目的 合成芦荟大黄素-锰(Ⅱ)、芦荟大黄素-铁(Ⅲ)、芦荟大黄素-钴(Ⅱ)配合物并对其进行表征,比较配体和配合物的抗菌活性。方法 以芦荟大黄素为原料,在无水乙醇中通过搅拌、溶解合成芦荟大黄素-锰(Ⅱ)、芦荟大黄素-铁(Ⅲ)、芦荟大黄素-钴(Ⅱ)配合物,采用核磁共振氢谱法、配位滴定法、红外光谱法、热重-差热分析法、紫外光谱法对其结构进行表征,采用滤纸片测试法和二倍稀释法比较配体和配合物对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌等3种细菌的抑制作用。结果 配体及配合物对3种细菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中大多数配合物抗菌活性强于其配体。结论     

2-吡啶甲醇及2-吡啶甲醛的合成

以 2 -甲基吡啶为原料、过氧化氢为氧化剂制备 2 -吡啶甲醇和 2 -吡啶甲醛,工艺方法经济、安全     

Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of carbocyclic analogues of 2'-azido- and 2'-amino-2'-deoxycytidine

Carbocyclic analogues of 2'-azido- and 2'-amino-2'-deoxycytidine, compounds 8 and 9, were synthesized by an eight-step synthesis from (+/-)-(1 alpha,2 alpha,3 beta,5 beta)-3-amino-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2- cyclopentanediol (1), which was prepared from cyclopentadiene via an eight-step route. These compounds were tested in vitro against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The 2'-amino analogue was found to show moderate antiviral activity, with an ED50 of 50 microM. However, the 2'-azido analogue was not active at a concentration up to 400 microM.     

2-苯基-1-丁醇与2-二甲氨基-2-苯基丁腈的合成

目的为马来酸曲美布汀的重要中间体2-二甲氨基-2-苯基-1-丁醇的合成奠定基础。方法苯乙腈与溴乙烷进行烃化反应得2-苯基-1-丁腈,所得产物经水解得2-苯基-1-丁酸,然后通过硼氢化钠-碘体系还原得2-苯基-1-丁醇;苯乙腈与N-溴代丁二酰亚胺进行卤代反应得溴代苯乙腈,所得产物与二甲胺进行烃化反应得2-二甲氨基苯乙腈,然后与溴乙烷进行烃化反应得2-二甲氨基-2-苯基丁腈。结果合成了2-苯基-1-丁醇和2-二甲氨基-2-苯基丁腈,总收率为分别为51%和59.4%。目标产物的结构经核磁共振氢谱、质谱确证。结论本合成方法原料易得,操作简单,收率较高,适合于工业化生产。     

Synthesis and immunosuppressive activity of 2-substituted 2-aminopropane-1,3-diols and 2-aminoethanols

A series of 2-substituted 2-aminopropane-1,3-diols was synthesized and evaluated for their lymphocyte-decreasing effect and immunosuppressive effect on rat skin allograft. A phenyl ring was introduced into the alkyl chain of the lead compound 3, which is an immunosuppressive agent structurally simplified from myriocin (1, ISP-I) via compound 2. The potency of the various compounds was dependent upon the position of the phenyl ring within the alkyl side chain. The most suitable length between the quaternary carbon atom and the phenyl ring was two carbon atoms. 2-Substituted 2-aminoethanols were successively synthesized and evaluated for their T-cell-decreasing effect and immunosuppressive effect using a popliteal lymph node gain assay in rats. The absolute configuration at the quaternary carbon affected the activity, and the (pro-S)-hydroxymethyl group of compound 6 was essential for potent immunosuppressive activity. Favorable substituents for the (pro-R)-hydroxymethyl group of 6 were hydroxyalkyl (hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl) or lower alkyl (methyl and ethyl) groups. 2-Amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]propane-1,3-diol hydrochloride (6, FTY720) was found to possess considerable activity and is expected to be useful as an immunosuppressive drug for organ transplantation.     

Metabolism and metabolic effects of 2-azahypoxanthine and 2-azaadenosine

The metabolism and metabolic effects of 2-azahypoxanthine and 2-azaadenosine were studied to elucidate the biochemical basis for their known cytotoxicities. 2-Azaadenosine is a known substrate for adenosine kinase. That 2-azahypoxanthine is a substrate for hypoxanthine (guanine) phosphoribosyltransferase is shown by the observations that, in cell-free fractions from HEp-2 cells supplemented with 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate, 2-azahypoxanthine inhibited the conversion of hypoxanthine to IMP but not the conversion of adenine to AMP, and hypoxanthine, but not adenine, inhibited the conversion of 2-azahypoxanthine to 2-azaIMP. [8-14C]2-Azahypoxanthine was synthesized from [8-14C]hypoxanthine via [2-14C]-4-amino-5-imidazolecarboxamide. In HEp-2 cells in culture, the principal metabolite of [8-14C]-2-azahypoxanthine was 2-azaATP; there was no detectable 14C in deoxynucleotides or in DNA or RNA fractions. 2-Azaadenosine was much more toxic than 2-azahypoxanthine, and, when used in the presence of an adenosine deaminase inhibitor, 2'-deoxycoformycin, was converted in HEp-2 cells to 2-azaATP in amounts that exceeded those of ATP in control cells. The pool of ATP was reduced by as much as 75% as 2-azaATP accumulated. In a short-term experiment (4 hr), 2-azaadenosine selectively reduced the pools of adenine nucleotides, whereas 2-azahypoxanthine reduced the pools of guanine nucleotides selectively. Both 2-azahypoxanthine and 2-azaadenosine inhibited the incorporation of formate into purine nucleotides and were without effect on the conversion of thymidine and uridine to nucleotides. 2-Azahypoxanthine inhibited the incorporation of thymidine into macro-molecules but not that of uridine or leucine; 2-azaadenosine inhibited the incorporation of all three of these precursors non-selectively. 2-AzaIMP inhibited IMP dehydrogenase competitively with IMP (Ki = 66 microM). The difference in effects of 2-azahypoxanthine and 2-azaadenosine perhaps may be due to the production, from 2-azahypoxanthine but not from 2-azaadenosine + 2'-deoxycoformycin, of 2-azaIMP, which inhibits synthesis of guanine nucleotides and thereby results in inhibition of DNA synthesis. Specific sites of action for 2-azaadenosine are yet undefined.     

Antioxidant properties of 2-imidazolones and 2-imidazolthiones

Uric acid has been postulated to be an important antioxidant and free radical scavenger in humans. Other purines, such as xanthine, that lack an 8-oxo group on the imidazole ring do not show antioxidant properties. For this reason, the antioxidative activities of 2-imidazolones and 2-imidazolthiones were compared to that of uric acid. 2-Imidazolthiones reacted with the stable free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) at rates comparable to those of uric acid and other antioxidants. 2-Imidazolones also reacted with DPPH, although at a much slower rate than the 2-imidazolthiones. The 2-imidazolthiones protected oxyhemoglobin from oxidation to methemoglobin by sodium nitrite; the 2-imidazolones had little effect on the oxidation of oxyhemoglobin by nitrate. Most of the 2-imidazolthiones and 2-imidazolones protected both porcine and bovine erythrocytes from hemolysis by t-butyl hydroperoxide. Although 2-imidazolthiones were more reactive than 2-imidazolones in the assays using DPPH and the oxidation of oxyhemoglobin, both types of compounds may be useful as antioxidants in vivo.     

Synthesis and biological activity of the 2-desamino and 2-desamino-2-methyl analogues of aminopterin and methotrexate

The previously undescribed 2-desamino and 2-desamino-2-methyl analogues of aminopterin (AMT) and methotrexate (MTX) were synthesized from 2-amino-5-(chloromethyl)pyrazine-3-carbonitrile. The AMT analogues were obtained via a three-step sequence consisting of condensation with di-tert-butyl N-(4-aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamate, heating with formamidine or acetamidine acetate, and mild acidolysis with trifluoroacetic acid. The MTX analogues were prepared similarly, except that 2-amino-5-(chloromethyl)pyrazine-3-carbonitrile was condensed with 4-(N-methylamino)benzoic acid and the resulting product was annulated with formamidine or acetamidine acetate to obtain the 2-desamino and 2-desamino-2-methyl analogues, respectively, of 4-amino-4-deoxy-N10-methylpteroic acid. Condensation with di-tert-butyl L-glutamate in the presence of diethyl phosphorocyanidate followed by ester cleavage with trifluoroacetic acid was then carried out. Retention of the L configuration in the glutamate moiety during this synthesis was demonstrated by rapid and essentially complete hydrolysis with carboxypeptidase G1 under conditions that likewise cleaved the L enantiomer of MTX but left the D enantiomer unaffected. The 2-desamino and 2-desamino-2-methyl analogues of AMT and MTX inhibited the growth of tumor cells, but were very poor inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). These unexpected results suggested that activity in intact cells was due to metabolism of the 2-desamino compounds to polyglutamates.     

Molecular modeling of 2-alkyloxy- and 2-aralkyloxy-adenosine A1- and A2-agonists

The C2-region of adenosine A1- and A2-receptors by a molecular modeling technique has been extended and applied to a series of 2-substituted adenosines reported by Olsson, et al. The similarity and dissimilarity of the structure maps obtained by molecular modeling have been used as a basis for the mapping of the analysed receptor domain. The proposed model of the C2-region of the A1-receptor consists of a narrow and sterically limited area that interacts well electrostatically with small and electron rich moieties. Olsson's provisional model of the C2-region of the A2-receptor has been extended with two subsites, as well as with a forbidden area near the C2-position of the purine ring. The conformational analysis performed in the study does not support the hypothesis of Olsson et al. that adenosine C2 substituents may partly occupy the same receptor domain as the N6 substituents of the A1-receptor. The occupation of the cycloalkyl subsite increases the receptor selectivity while the occupation of the other subsite by aryl rings, fixed at a parallel position to the purine system, highly enhances the receptor affinity.