高血压病中医证型分布与血浆血栓素B2的相关研究

目的 观察高血压病中医证型分布的规律及其与血浆血栓素B2(TXB2)的相关性,为中医辨证论治提供依据.方法 将252例高血压病患者根据辨证分为肝火亢盛型、阴虚阳亢型、阴阳两虚型、气虚痰浊型4型,检测各证型TXB2的含量,分析证型分布及与TXB2的关系.结果 高血压病出现率最高的是气虚痰浊型,其余依次为阴虚阳亢型、肝火亢盛型、阴阳两虚型.各证型TXB2明显高于正常对照组,分布规律为阴虚阳亢型＞气虚痰浊型＞肝火亢盛型＞阴阳两虚型,其与血压的高低不成比例.肝火亢盛型、阴阳两虚型收缩压高于阴虚阳亢型、气虚痰浊型(P＜0.05),肝火亢盛型舒张压高于阴虚阳亢型、阴阳两虚型和气虚痰浊型.结论 高血压病中医证型分布以气虚痰浊型为多见,阴虚阳亢型与气虚痰浊型TXB2含量明显升高.     

高血压病中医证型分布规律的临床研究

目的：观察高血压病中医证型分布的规律，为中医辨证论治提供依据。方法：将186例高血压病患者分为肝火亢盛型、阴虚阳亢型、阴阳两虚型、气虚痰浊型4型，分析其证型分布的规律性。结果：高血压病出现率最高的是气虚痰浊型，其余依次为阴虚阳亢型、肝火亢盛型、阴阳两虚型。中医证型分布与性别无相关性，但与年龄有相关性。肝火亢盛型多属于体重较重者，与其他各型比较，差异有非常显著性意义（P〈0．001）。收缩压（SBP）肝火亢盛型、阴阳两虚型明显高于阴虚阳亢型和气虚痰浊型（P〈0．05）；舒张压（DBP）肝火亢盛型明显升高，与其他3型比较，差异有非常显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论：高血压病中医证型分布以气虚痰浊型为多见。     

原发性高血压患者中医证型分布及其与生化指标的相关性

目的:探讨高血压的中医证候分布情况及其与生化指标的关系,为深入探讨高血压病因病机和高血压辨证的客观化提供可能依据。方法:收集320例原发性高血压患者的临床资料和进行辨证分型,检测其血清生化指标,运用统计学方法进行数据分析。结果:各证型按所占比例排列为:痰浊壅盛型阴虚阳亢型阴阳两虚型肝火亢盛型;肝火亢盛型的年龄显著低于其它3种证型(均为P0.05);肝火亢盛型的甘油三酯(TG)水平显著高于其它各证型(P0.05);阴阳两虚型和痰浊壅盛型的肌酐(Cr)阳性率显著高于肝火亢盛型(均为P0.05);肝火亢盛型的C反应蛋白(CRP)阳性率显著低于痰浊壅盛型、阴虚阳亢型和阴阳两虚型(分别为P0.01,P0.05,P0.01)。结论:高血压出现率最高的证型为痰浊壅盛型;肝火亢盛型高血压患者相对年龄较低且更易出现脂质代谢紊乱;高血压阴阳两虚型更多出现肾损害;痰浊壅盛型更易出现高血压早期肾损害;肝火亢盛型患者血管内皮炎症反应相对较轻。     

高血压左心室肥厚患者的中医辨证分型研究

目的:观察高血压左心室肥厚患者中医辨证分型的分布规律。方法:将165例高血压病左心室肥厚患者辨证为肝火亢盛型、阴虚阳亢型、阴阳两虚型、气虚痰浊型4型,观察各证型的分布情况。结果:高血压左心室肥厚出现率最高的是气虚痰浊型,其余依次为阴虚阳亢型、肝火亢盛型、阴阳两虚型。结论:高血压左心室肥厚中医证型分布以气虚痰浊型为多见,提示不同证型应给予不同的辨证论治,更好的发挥中医药保护靶器官的作用。     

代谢综合征常见中医证型与高敏C反应蛋白及颈动脉内中膜厚度的相关研究

目的 研究代谢综合征(MS)患者常见中医证型与高敏C反应蛋白(Hs-CRP)及颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)的关系,为其分型及防治提供依据.方法 选择80例Ms患者,中医辨证分为肝火亢盛型、痰湿壅盛型、气阴两虚型、阴阳两虚型、痰瘀互结型;另设正常对照组20例.入院当日测定空腹血糖(FPG)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、空腹血清HS-CRP、血清胰岛素(FINS),计算胰岛素敏感指数(ISI),并测定身高、体重、腰围、血压,计算体重指数(BMI).采用多普勒超声诊断仪扫查双侧颈总动脉、颈内动脉,测量血管内径及IMT.结果 MS各证型患者Hs-CRP显著高于正常对照组(P＜0.01),其程度依次为:气阴两虚＞阴阳两虚＞痰瘀互结＞痰湿壅盛＞肝火亢盛.MS患者颈动脉IMT显著高于正常对照组(P＜0.05),其升高程度在中医各证型中依次为阴阳两虚＞气阴两虚＞痰瘀互结＞痰湿壅盛＞肝火亢盛.结论 Hs-CRP、IMT水平可作为MS中医辨证分型的重要指标.     

徐蓉娟教授辨治毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿浸润性突眼经验介绍

徐蓉娟教授认为，毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿浸润性突眼应按活动期、非活动期分期辨治。活动期中医分为风毒肝火，上攻眼目型；肝郁脾虚，痰饮积聚型；阴虚火旺，气滞痰凝型辨证；非活动期分为气阴两虚，痰瘀阻滞型；阳气亏虚，痰瘀阻滞型辨证。结合心理治疗以增加疗效。     

云浮地区原发性高血压中医证型与同型半胱氨酸的关系研究

目的:分析云浮地区原发性高血压(EH)各中医证型的分布,以及各中医证型与血清同型半胱氨酸(HCY)的关系。方法:将200例患者按中医辨证分为肝火亢盛、阴虚阳亢、阴阳两虚、痰浊壅盛4型,用色谱法检测EH患者与健康对照组(50例)血浆HCY水平。分析各中医证型分布情况及与血浆HCY的关系。结果:云浮地区原发性高血压中医证型分布中最多的是痰湿壅盛型,其余依次为阴虚阳亢型、肝火亢盛型、阴阳两虚型。EH患者血浆HCY水平显著高于健康对照组(P0.01),EH患者血浆HCY水平随着EH分级水平的升高而升高(P0.01),痰浊壅盛型血浆HCY水平显著高于其余三组(P0.01),阴阳两虚型血浆HCY水平高于肝火亢盛型和阴虚阳亢型(P0.05),肝火亢盛型和阴虚阳亢型血浆HCY水平无显著差异(P﹥0.05)。结论:云浮地区原发性高血压的中医证型中以痰湿壅盛证最多,EH患者血浆HCY水平显著升高可作为中医证型痰浊壅盛型的实验室依据。     

卜献春治疗桥本甲状腺炎经验

总结卜献春主任医师治疗桥本甲状腺炎的经验。卜教授认为桥本甲状腺炎的病机以虚为本,多虚实夹杂。气、痰、瘀、热毒是其主要病理因素。临床多分为肝郁痰凝、肝火亢盛、痰凝血瘀、脾肾阳虚、气阴两虚等证进行辨治。治宜标本兼顾,有所侧重。     

160例H型高血压与中医证型的相关性分析

目的探讨H型高血压与中医证型的相关性。方法将160例H型高血压患者按中医辨证分为肝火亢盛、阴虚阳亢、阴阳两虚、痰浊中阻4型,检测H型高血压患者血浆Hcy水平。结果患者中医各证型血浆Hcy水平痰浊中阻型〉阴阳两虚型〉阴虚阳亢型〉肝火亢盛型。结论H型高血压与中医各证型均有相关,其中与痰浊中阻型关系密切,对于指导中医治疗H型高血压有重要意义。     

高血压病辨证分型与微量白蛋白尿的关系及益气化痰法对气虚痰浊证患者的干预

目的:探讨高血压患者中医证型与微量白蛋白尿的相关性及具有益气化痰作用复方芪麻胶囊对气虚痰浊证患者的干预作用。方法:将符合纳入标准的523例高血压患者,进行MAU检测及中医证型研究。对患者的年龄、血压及微量白蛋白尿阳性率进行比较。结果:高血压中医分型结果显示气虚痰浊所占比例最高,阴阳两虚型与无症状型比例较低,各证型按从大到小的顺序排列为:气虚痰浊阴虚阳亢肝火亢盛阴阳两虚无症状。各证型在平均年龄方面存在差异,由大到小排序为气虚痰浊阴阳两虚阴虚阳亢无症状肝火亢盛。各证型MAU阳性率由大到小排列为:气虚痰浊阴虚阳亢阴阳两虚肝火亢盛。气虚痰浊型MAU阳性率与肝火亢盛型、阴虚阳亢型、阴阳两虚型比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。气虚痰浊型的高血压患者服用复方芪麻胶囊4周以上者MAU阳性率较低。结论:高血压伴尿微量白蛋白异常患者气虚痰浊证多见,运用益气化痰法可能会降低MAU阳性率。     

Bacopaside III,bacopasaponin G,and bacopasides A,B, and C from Bacopa monniera

Two new saponins, 3-O-[6-O-sulfonyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl pseudojujubogenin (1) and 3-O-[alpha-l-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl jujubogenin (2), a new matsutaka alcohol derivative, (3R)-1-octan-3-yl-(6-O-sulfonyl)-beta-d-glucopyranoside (3), a new phenylethanoid glycoside, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyl alcohol (2-O-feruloyl)-beta-d-glucopyranoside (4), and a new glycoside, phenylethyl alcohol [5-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl-beta-d-apiofuranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-d-glucopyranoside (5), were isolated from Bacopa monniera. Their structures were established by NMR, MS, and chemical methods.     

脉·经脉·经络——细筋·系·神经

经络学说起源于对“脉”的解剖生理学认识，以脉行的路径为经脉，以脉行的分支横出的径路为络脉，从而渐形成了经脉和络脉的概念。对经络学说提出挑战的是来自西方医学的传入，即人们在认识神经学说的结构与功能这后，来阐释经络沟通人体体表与体表上、下之间，体表与内脏内，外之间特异联络，调控和反应功能，在明末传入的西方解剖生理学，或是在晚清西方医学科学的东传过程中，与经络功能相关的中医词汇如“细筋”“系”等曾作为“nerve”的汉泽名词，从而在中西医汇能的初创阶段，奠定了经络与神经功能活动相关的文字转换基础。     

医生·护士·疾病·美学

医生、护士与患者及家属是因为疾病而产生特定意义的群体,诊疗技术的进步以及利益的驱使,影响到了医患间的关系.进入21世纪,叙事医学的引入与推广在重塑医学人文精神方面起到重要作用.医乃仁术,仁爱精神为医学人文重要内涵,通过叙事医学的学习将落实仁德和合的理念.临床的护理工作体现仁德仁心,强调恻隐之心、感同身受,既具有科学性又...     

Excoecarins D, E, and K, from excoecaria agallocha

Three novel diterpenoids, excoecarins D, E, and K (1-3), were isolated from Excoecaria agallocha. The structures of 1-3 were established as 3alpha,18-dihydroxy-3beta,20-epoxybeyer-15-ene, (15R, 16S)-ent-15,16-epoxybeyeran-3-one, and ent-3beta-hydroxykaur-16-en-2-one, respectively, on the basis of extensive NMR experiments and, in the case of 1, by X-ray analysis.     

Sesterterpenoids, terretonins A-D, and an alkaloid, asterrelenin, from Aspergillus terreus

Four new sesterterpenoids, terretonins A-D (1-4), and a new alkaloid, asterrelenin (5), together with five known compounds, were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of a solid-state fermented culture of Aspergillus terreus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The structures of 1, 2, and 5 were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis.     

Isolation and hypoglycemic activity of eleutherans A, B, C, D, E, F, and G: glycans of Eleutherococcus senticosus roots

Intraperitoneal injection of an aqueous extract of the crude drug "shigoka" (Siberian ginseng), Eleutherococcus senticosus roots, remarkably diminished plasma-sugar level in mice. Fractionation of the extract by monitoring the activity yielded seven glycans, eleutherans A, B, C, D, E, F, and G, which exerted marked hypoglycemic effects in normal and alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice.     

Leuconoxine, kopsinitarine, kopsijasmine, and kopsinone derivatives from Kopsia

Four new indole alkaloids were obtained from two Kopsia species, 6-oxoleuconoxine (1) from the leaf extract of K. griffithii and kopsinitarine E (2), kopsijasminine (3), and kopsonoline (4) from the stem-bark extract of K. teoi. The structures of these alkaloids were determined using NMR and MS analysis. Kopsijasminine (3) showed moderate activity in reversing multidrug resistance in vincristine-resistant KB cells.     

Anthecotulide: purification, analytical data, absence from chamomile preparations, stability and reactivity, and anti-infective testing

The sesquiterpene lactone anthecotulide (1) was extracted from Anthemis cotula in 0.7% w/w yield. A pure standard was prepared by preparative TLC and used for quantitative determination of 1 with a TLC scanner. The constitution of 1 was corroborated and the double-bond configuration determined. It was stable at room temparature in air and reacted very slowly with glutathione. It was not detectable in 34 chamomile (Matricaria recutita) preparations and did not show antibacterial activity against a range of clinically important strains at a concentration of <10 microg/mL.     

实验探讨生大黄、清半夏、常山的升降浮沉药性

目的:通过动物实验探讨生大黄、清半夏、常山的升降浮沉药性,为中药的升降沉浮药性研究提供新的思路和方法.方法:运用小鼠肠推进及肠容积实验比较生大黄、清半夏、常山水煎液对消化系统的影响;运用正常大鼠血压及血清NO含量实验和小鼠微循环实验比较其对血液循环系统的影响;运用小鼠睡眠时间和自主活动实验比较其对中枢神经的影响.从与气机运动相对应的关系讨论药物的升降浮沉.结果:生大黄能明显促进小鼠小肠的排空,对血液循环系统表现出促进作用;对中枢神经有一定的兴奋作用.清半夏对消化系统的影响不明显,对血液循环系统表现出促进作用;对中枢神经具有明显的抑制作用.常山对消化系统的活动有明显的抑制作用,对血液循环系统表现出促进作用,对中枢神经系统效果不明显.结论:综合三药对各个系统的影响,从与气机运动相对应的关系,常山表现出向上向外的趋势,为升浮药;生大黄、清半夏表现出向下向内的趋势,为沉降药.     

Phytochemistry, Metabolism, and Metabolomics of Ginseng

Ginseng, as a medicinal plant, has been used for thousands of years in China, Korea, and Japan, and the study on ginseng is a hotspot in the research field as evidenced by about 7000 scientific papers in PUBMED. In recent decades, many ginseng studies focused on the metabolism and metabolomics of ginseng or its active ingredients using modern bioanalytical technologies. To date, more than 200 ginsenosides and non-saponin constituents have been isolated and identified. In the past decades, rapid development of analytical technologies has facilitated the advancement of ginseng research in many ways. In this review, we focus on the advances of ginseng research in chemistry, pharmacology, and metabolomics. We also provide the comments on the significance as well as challenges of metabolomics-based ginseng studies.