超声乳化白内障吸除联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障

目的：探讨双切口白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效。方法：回顾分析双切口白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者65例70眼,术后随访3~12mo,观察视力、眼压及并发症的发生。
　　结果：术后患者视力≤0.1者2眼,>0.1~0.3者6眼,0.4~0.8者60眼,≥1.0者2眼,术后眼压在正常范围内(<21mmHg)者69眼,1眼术后出现浅前房,经治疗改善。
　　结论：双切口白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障手术成功率高,疗效佳,是一种理想的手术方式。     

双切口联合手术治疗青光眼合并白内障临床疗效观察

目的观察分析双切口白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的效果。方法选取我院2010年6月至12月青光眼合并白内障患者60例(60眼),均接受双切口白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术,观察术前、术后的视力、眼压及并发症情况。结果 60例患者术前视力<0.1者30眼,0.1～0.3者18眼,0.3～0.5者12眼;术后视力均有提高,其中<0.1者9眼,0.1～0.3者16眼,0.3～0.5者20眼,0.5及以上者15眼;术前、术后视力比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后眼压为(14.58±2.32)mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg),与术前(29.08±7.59)mmHg相比,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。3例患者术中对其进行周边虹膜切除时发生出血,术后5例患者出现少量前房积血,2例患者出现前房纤维素性渗出,3例患者出现角膜上皮轻度水肿。结论双切口超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障可明显改善患者视力,有效控制眼压。     

透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化联合青光眼手术的疗效分析

目的:观察透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术(以下简称超声乳化三联术)治疗青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析使用透明角膜切口超声乳化三联术治疗各种类型的青光眼合并白内障患者127例(128眼)手术前、后的视力和眼压,手术并发症和滤过泡情况。结果:术后视力迅速恢复,矫正视力较术前明显提高,随访6mo～2a,113眼≥0.5(88.3%);眼压较术前明显降低,11眼术后眼压<20mmHg,16眼加滴1～2种降压药后眼压控制满意且稳定。术后并发症少,功能性滤过泡83.6%。结论:透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障,不但能良好地控制眼压,迅速恢复视力。而且并发症少,手术适应证广,在白内障青光眼并存情况下采用超声乳化三联手术是安全、有效、可靠的治疗方法。     

三联手术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的 探讨青光眼合并白内障施行三联手术的方法，评价其疗效。方法 对11眼青光眼合并白内障实行白内障囊外摘出、后房型人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗；对8眼实行白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术。结果 术后平均随访9．6月，19眼眼压均低于21mmHg(1mmHg=0．133kPa)；视力提高16眼(84．2％)。术后并发症有角膜水肿、浅前房。结论 三联手术治疗青光眼合并白内障是安全有效的。     

小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的 报告小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的患眼术后效果.方法 收集青光眼合并白内障19例,行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术,观察术后眼压、视力、滤过泡和并发症.结果 术后眼压在14～18mmHg之间,平均为（15.26±1.20）mmHg,与术前眼压有显著性差异（P＜0.05）;术后视力较术前均有不同程度提高,术后视力＜0.05者6眼,0.05～0.3者8眼,＞0.3者5眼;术后滤过泡Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型17眼（89.47％）,为功能型滤过泡,2眼（10.53％）滤过泡不明显;未见严重并发症.结论 小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障是一种安全有效的方法.     

三联术治疗青光眼合并白内障的疗效观察

目的:探讨三联术(白内障超声乳化吸除、后房型人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术)治疗青光眼合并白内障患者的临床疗效。方法:青光眼合并白内障患者72例72眼行小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术,观察术后视力、眼压、滤过泡及并发症等情况。结果:术后72例72眼患者视力均有不同程度的提高;术后眼压控制良好,术后3,18mo平均眼压分别为15.30±2.64mmHg和16.72±2.30mmHg,术后均无严重并发症。结论:小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术具有切口小,眼压控制良好,能获得较满意的视力。     

高眼压青光眼白内障三联手术的临床观察

目的:探讨高眼压状态下白内障青光眼联合术的临床疗效。方法:对18例18眼白内障青光眼患者在高眼压下行小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术,术后观察视力,眼压及并发症情况。结果:术后眼压均比术前用降眼压药的情况下明显下降,11～22mmHg者17例,其中眼压26mmHg者1例。术后视力均较术前有不同程度的提高,术后并发症发生率及严重程度并不比小梁切除术或白内障囊外摘除人工晶状体植入术高。结论:在高眼压下行小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术发生并发症的机会增多,但仍是一种安全、有效的治疗白内障合并青光眼的联合手术。     

三联术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障

目的:评价小切口非超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效。方法:对20例20眼闭角型青光眼合并白内障采取小切口非超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术进行治疗,术后随访3mo。结果:术后视力较术前提高者占90%,术后1wk眼压全部在正常范围,无严重并发症发生。结论:小切口非超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术可有效治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障。     

白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术

目的:探讨局部麻醉下行小梁切除术联合透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化吸除联合折叠人工晶状体植入术(三联术)的临床效果方法:对43例合并有白内障的患者在局部麻醉下采用分切口小梁切除术和透明角膜切口白内障原位超声乳化折叠人工晶状体植入手术,结果:术后视力>0.5者26眼(60%),0.1～0.5者17眼(40%)。43眼术后视力均较术前提高。术后1wk平均眼压15.4±3.8mmHg,较术前眼压降低10～30mmHg,与术前相比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。42眼(98%)形成功能性滤过泡。结论:分切口的青光眼小梁切除术联合透明切口白内障超声乳化折叠人工晶状体植入术可以有效地控制眼压同时提高患者的视力,效果较好,并发症少。     

晶状体超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合隧道巩膜瓣下小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的 探讨晶状体超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合隧道巩膜瓣下小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的效果及安全性.方法 对青光眼合并白内障52例(52眼)患者行超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合隧道巩膜瓣下小梁切除术,术后随访3个月,观察眼压、视力、滤过泡及并发症情况.结果 术后3个月,平均眼压为(14.38±4.37)mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg),较术前平均下降10.75mmHg;矫正视力≥0.5者28眼;功能性滤过泡41眼,非功能性滤过泡11眼.术中2眼后囊膜破裂,术后早期11眼角膜水肿、5眼浅前房,术后晚期4眼发生后发性白内障.结论 超声乳化白内障吸出人工晶状体植入联合隧道巩膜瓣下小梁切除术安全有效,视力恢复快,降压效果好,适用于青光眼合并白内障.     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.