手术治疗老年女性乳腺癌患者的临床特征、术后治疗情况、预后及其影响因素分析

目的分析手术治疗的老年女性乳腺癌患者的临床特征、术后治疗情况、预后以及影响预后的相关因素。方法回顾性分析我院收治的399例65岁以上手术治疗的老年女性乳腺癌患者的临床资料,分析其临床特征、术后治疗情况和预后,对影响老年女性乳腺癌患者预后的因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果老年乳腺癌患者多为65～70岁,单纯左、右乳患病居多,双侧乳患病较少,肿瘤直径多数为2～5 cm,65. 16%无淋巴结转移,分期多属Ⅰ期或Ⅱa期,以浸润性导管癌较为常见,分子类型多为Luminal A型或Luminal B HER-2(-)型。手术治疗后大部分患者能接受辅助治疗(放疗、化疗、内分泌治疗),患者的1年、3年和5年的无病生存率分别为96. 23%、92. 48%和86. 59%,总生存率分别为96. 99%、90. 65%和85. 47%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、分子分型是影响患者预后的独立因素。结论手术治疗的老年女性乳腺癌病理类型以浸润性导管癌为主,手术治疗后大部分患者能接受辅助治疗,预后较好。肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、分子分型是影响手术治疗老年女性乳腺癌患者预后的独立因素。     

老年女性乳腺癌的治疗选择

目的对老年乳腺癌患者的临床特点、治疗情况及预后进行分析,探讨老年乳腺癌患者合理的治疗方案。方法收集100例老年乳腺癌患者的临床资料,分别对其临床特点、治疗情况和无病生存期进行回顾性分析。结果将100例患者分为60~69岁组和≥70岁组。两组组织学分类、病灶大小、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、激素受体、Her-2表达及并发症等情况比较无统计学差异(P均>0.05)。两组手术方式、化疗方案、内分泌治疗药物选择、是否放疗等情况比较有统计学差异(P均<0.05)。术后病理提示腋窝淋巴结阳性的患者有80例,但在无病生存期上有化疗者与无化疗者并无显著差异(P=0.426)。将有化疗者进一步用COX回归多因素模型进行分析,发现Ki-67、激素受体对无病生存期有影响(P均<0.05),激素受体阳性者的无病生存期明显优于激素受体阴性者(P<0.05)。有75例患者术后病理提示雌激素受体(ER)和(或)孕激素受体(PR)阳性,其中有86.7%的患者接受了术后内分泌治疗,该部分患者的无病生存期比未接受内分泌治疗的患者得到明显延长(P=0.000)。结论目前尚无老年乳腺癌患者的标准治疗方案可循,生理年龄不应该是考虑治疗模式的主要因素,结合耐受情况及不良预后因素做出更好选择。     

老年乳腺癌患者术后上肢水肿的危险因素

目的探讨老年乳腺癌患者术后上肢水肿的危险因素。方法对126例接受手术治疗的老年女性乳腺癌患者进行回顾性研究;应用周径测量法判定水肿并用χ2检验及Logistic回归模型对收集到的数据进行分析。结果体重指数、淋巴结病理状况、放疗与老年乳腺癌患者术后上肢水肿的发生有关;体重指数(BMI)≥25 kg/m2(OR=7.47;95%CI,2.78～20.08)以及放疗(OR=2.98;95%CI,1.97～9.19)能够独立预测水肿的发生。结论体重指数、淋巴结病理状况、放疗是乳腺癌术后水肿发生的危险因素。临床肿瘤医生或者护士应当为老年乳腺癌患者提供足够的信息来预防、管理水肿的发生。     

乳腺癌原发灶激素受体表达阴性,淋巴结转移灶激素受体表达阳性一例

本文报告一例左乳腺癌伴双腋下淋巴结转移患者的病理检查结果.患者术前乳房肿物粗针穿刺活检提示:激素受体表达阴性.患者经过3个疗程的新辅助化疗后接受手术,术后病理提示乳房肿物及右腋窝转移淋巴结的激素受体表达阴性而左腋窝有3个转移淋巴结的激素表达呈中等强度阳性,其病因有待进一步探讨.     

乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移相关因素分析

目的 探讨乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移的临床病理相关因素,为乳腺癌患者病情判断选择、合理手术方式提供依据.方法 应用单因素和多因素的分析方法,回顾性分析经手术治疗的134例乳腺癌患者与腋淋巴结转移相关临床病理资料.结果 单因素分析结果显示病理类型、肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位与乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移有关(P＜0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示患者年龄越小,乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移的危险越大(OR=0.934);肿瘤越大,乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移的危险越大(OR=11.050);肿瘤部位越靠乳腺内侧,乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移的危险越小(OR=0.375).结论 乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移受病理类型、肿瘤越大和肿瘤部位等多种因素影响.     

淮安地区乳腺癌患者术后乳房再造需求情况调查

目的 了解乳腺癌根治术后患者乳房再造的需求.方法 对淮安地区500例乳腺癌根治术后患者进行资料收集和问卷调查,把不同年龄、教育、临床病理(肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、激素受体状态等)和重建需求情况进行比较.结果 多数患者对义乳佩戴效果满意.在乳房再造需求中,年龄越轻(＜45岁)需求比例越高,并受病理及术后并发症等影响.结论 应根据不同患者需求,制定合适的术后乳房缺失补救措施.     

进展期胃癌老年患者术后辅助化疗完成情况的影响因素分析

目的探讨影响进展期胃癌老年患者术后辅助化疗完成情况的因素。方法回顾性收集2017年1月至2018年12月我院确诊胃腺癌并接受根治性手术患者的临床病理资料, 根据纳入排除标准, 最终96例患者纳入研究。根据术后是否完成6周期辅助化疗, 将患者分为完成化疗组、未完成化疗组。通过受试者工作曲线(ROC), 并计算约登指数(Youden), 得出最佳截断值。将可能影响进展期胃癌老年患者术后辅助化疗完成度的相关因素纳入单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析, 确定胃癌患者未完成术后辅助化疗的独立危险因素。采用Kaplan-Meier(K-M)法绘制组间的生存曲线, 组间生存率的比较采用Log-rank检验。结果共纳入96例患者, 年龄60～89岁, 平均(70.3±7.0)岁。完成术后辅助化疗16例, 未完成术后辅助化疗80例。对两组患者的临床病理资料进行以下分析。单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示患者年龄≥70岁(OR=8.135, 95%CI:1.735～38.153, P=0.008)、术前预后营养指数(PNI)<49.5(OR=4.765, 95%CI:1.549～14.656...     

乳腺癌患者血清CCL8、CCL21水平与保乳术后局部复发的关系

目的 探讨乳腺癌患者血清CC趋化因子配体8(CCL8)、CCL21水平与临床病理特征及保乳术后局部复发的关系。方法 选取接受乳腺癌保乳术治疗的乳腺癌患者581例作为乳腺癌组,同期体检健康女性124例作为对照组。术前留取两组清晨空腹静脉血,ELISA法检测血清CCL8、CCL21。术后随访5年,观察患者是否发生局部复发。比较不同临床病理特征乳腺癌患者血清CCL8、CCL21水平,比较发生与未发生局部复发患者临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析乳腺癌患者保乳术后局部复发的影响因素,并通过绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血清CCL8、CCL21对乳腺癌患者保乳术后局部复发的预测效能。结果 乳腺癌组血清CCL8、CCL21水平均高于对照组（P均<0.05）。TNM分期Ⅱ期、肿瘤最大径>2 cm、有淋巴结转移的乳腺癌患者血清CCL8、CCL21水平高于TNM分期Ⅰ期、肿瘤最大径≤2 cm、无淋巴结转移的乳腺癌患者（P均<0.05）;不同年龄、家族史、病理类型、组织学分级、雌激素受体状态、孕激素受体状态、人表皮生长因子受体2状态的乳腺癌患者血清CCL8、CCL21水平...     

老年晚期卵巢癌患者新辅助化疗后间隔性手术治疗的预后相关因素分析

目的探讨影响晚期卵巢癌患者无进展生存期(PFS)的独立预后危险因素。方法收集58例接受新辅助化疗+常规手术+术后化疗(NACT-IDS)患者临床资料,对患者预后及病理资料进行统计分析。采用单因素分析和多因素COX回归模型分析,分别比较各卵巢癌预后危险因素不同水平与PFS关系。结果单因素分析显示,年龄、化疗疗程、术后残余肿瘤大小、转移瘤大小是卵巢癌患者PFS的预后危险因素。多因素分析显示,化疗疗程、术后残余肿瘤大小、转移瘤大小是患者PFS的独立预后危险因素。结论术后化疗、术后残余肿瘤大小和转移瘤大小是影响新辅助化疗疗效的主要因素,在临床上的治疗应当尽量延长化疗疗程。     

良性前列腺增生患者腔内手术后谵妄发生的临床分析

目的 预防良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者腔内手术后谵妄的发生. 方法 总结我院接受腔内手术治疗的370例BPH患者的临床资料,分析患者年龄、并存疾病、手术方法、手术时间以及术后疼痛等因素对谵妄产生的影响. 结果 370例患者术后共发生谵妄19例,发生率5.1%.单因素分析显示,患者年龄(χ~2=7.37,P<0.05)、并存疾病(χ~2=10.26,P<0.05)、手术时间(χ~2=19.87,P<0.05)以及术后疼痛(χ~2=4.99,P<0.05)这4个因素与谵妄发生有关;多因素Logistic回归分析显示患者年龄(OR=5.38,P<0.05)、并存疾病(OR=4.97,P<0.05)、手术时间(OR=6.52,P<0.05)是谵妄发生的重要影响因素. 结论 对BPH高龄患者应特别注意改善其全身情况,做好充分的术前准备,缩短手术时间等对预防术后谵妄有积极意义.     

老年直肠黏液腺癌患者预后模型的构建

目的探讨影响老年直肠黏液腺癌（RMAC）患者预后的独立危险因素,并构建可以预测总生存（OS）和肿瘤特异性生存（CSS）的列线图。 方法从美国国家癌症研究所的监测、流行病学和结果数据库（SEER）中收集2010~2016年确诊并登记的、年龄在60岁及以上的RMAC患者共1 657例的临床病理资料,应用R软件按照7：3随机分为训练队列和验证队列。应用单因素及多因素COX回归模型分析影响预后的独立危险因素,并以此构建预测3年和5年总生存以及肿瘤特异性生存的列线图。用C指数评价列线图的预测效能。应用校正曲线在训练队列和验证队列中检查其预测精准度。 结果性别、年龄、婚姻状态、肿瘤组织学分级、TNM分期、放疗、辅助化疗、阳性淋巴结数量和肿瘤大小是影响老年RMAC患者OS的独立预后因素;而婚姻状态、种族、肿瘤组织学分级、TNM分期、辅助化疗、阳性淋巴结和肿瘤大小是影响老年RMAC患者CSS的独立预后因素。所构建的列线图模型,对OS和CSS预测的精准度分别为0.735和0.780。新辅助放疗联合辅助化疗可以提高患者的OS（χ²=7.682,P=0.006）和CSS（χ²=6.476,P=0.011）。 结论本研究发现了影响老年RMAC患者预后的独立危险因素,构建了评价预后的列线图模型。并发现新辅助放疗联合术后辅助化疗可能会改善这部分患者的预后。     

Early Recurrence of Pancreatic Cancer after Resection and During Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Background/Aim:

Adjuvant chemotherapy for 6 months is the current standard of care after potentially curative resection of pancreatic cancer and yields an overall survival of 15–20 months. Early tumor recurrence before or during adjuvant chemotherapy has not been evaluated so far. These patients may not benefit from adjuvant treatment.

Patients and Methods:

Thirty-five patients with resection of ductal pancreatic carcinoma and adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine were analyzed between 2005 and 2007. All patients had a computed tomography (CT) scan before and during adjuvant chemotherapy after 2–3 months, 12/35 patients had a histologically confirmed R1 resection. Recurrence of pancreatic cancer was determined by CT scan and the clinical course.

Results:

Median survival of 35 patients with resected pancreatic cancer was 19.7 months, and the 2-year survival was 44%. Thirteen (37%) of the 35 patients analyzed with a CT scan showed tumor recurrence during adjuvant chemotherapy. Overall survival of patients with tumor recurrence was 9.3 months with a 2-year survival rate of 13%, whereas median overall survival of patients without early relapse was 26.3 months (P<0.001). Local recurrence of pancreatic cancer occurred in 38% (5/13); 46% (6/13) of patients developed distant metastasis, and 38% (5/13) developed lymph node metastasis. Early tumor recurrence during or adjuvant chemotherapy did not correlate with R status (R1 vs R0, P=0.69), whereas histologically confirmed lymph node invasion (pN0 vs pN1) and grading showed a statistically significant correlation with early relapse (P<0.05).

Conclusion:

A significant fraction of patients with resected pancreatic cancer have early relapse during adjuvant chemotherapy, especially those with lymph node metastasis. Radiologic examinations prior to and during adjuvant chemotherapy will help to identify patients with tumor recurrence who are unlikely to benefit from adjuvant treatment and will need individualized palliative chemotherapy.     

Factors influencing treatment patterns of breast cancer patients age 75 and older

PURPOSES: To retrospectively determine the factors influencing treatment decisions in older breast cancer patients at a single center. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: 216 patients age > or = 75 seen in post-treatment follow-up between January, 1997 and June, 2000 were identified in the Memorial Sloan-Kettering breast cancer database. Eligible patients were > or = 75 years old at diagnosis, had a diagnosis of stage I, II, or III breast cancer, and received their follow-up care at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. A retrospective chart review was performed. Patients were stratified by: (1) prognostic factors (age (75-79 or > or = 80), Charlson comorbidity score, tumor size, nodal status, stage, ER, PR, creatinine, albumin, hemoglobin, and liver function tests), (2) local treatment (lumpectomy, axillary lymph node dissection (AxLND), radiation (XRT), modified radical mastectomy (MRM)) and (3) systemic treatment (tamoxifen, chemotherapy). Combined local treatment was defined as (a) lumpectomy, AxLND, XRT or (b) MRM, AxLND, XRT (if tumor > or = 5 cm or > or = 4+ lymph nodes). RESULTS: 96 patients were eligible for this study: 46 patients (75-79 years); 50 patients (> or = 80 years). The majority of patients (74%) were treated with lumpectomy but those > or = 80 were less likely to receive XRT (94% age 75-80; 45% age >80; P<0.01). Patients > or = 80 were also less likely to receive AxLND (94% age 75-79; 62% age > or = 80; P<0.01). A logistic regression model identified two independent prognostic variables for not receiving combined local treatment: increased age (P<0.01) and increased comorbidity score (P=0.01). Increased age did not correlate with increased comorbidity (P=0.48). 5.2% of patients received adjuvant chemotherapy (all age <80). 83% of ER positive patients received tamoxifen (89% age 75-79; 79% age >80). CONCLUSION: We hypothesize that both comorbidity and age play a significant role in influencing treatment decisions in the older breast cancer patient but these two variables are not necessarily correlated. Prospective studies are needed to determine the relative impact of these variables.     

乳腺癌组织中Ki-67、ER表达变化及其与蒽环类化疗药物敏感性的关系

目的观察乳腺癌组织中核增殖相关抗原（Ki-67）及激素受体（ER）的表达变化,探讨其与蒽环类化疗药物敏感性的关系。方法采用免疫组化法检测97例乳腺癌组织中的Ki-67、ER;其中70例术后予含蒽环类药物化疗,根据无病生存期（DFS）、总生存期（OS）长短评价化疗敏感性。结果乳腺癌组织中Ki-67、ER阳性率分别是70．10％、65．98％,且二者表达呈负相关（r=-0．366,P〈0．01）;Ki-67表达仅与临床分期有关,ER表达与临床分期及淋巴结转移有关,P均〈0．05;术后化疗Ki-67阳性ER阴性者的DES、OS均较Ki-67、ER均阳性（阴性）、Ki-67阴性ER阳性者明显延长（P均〈0．05）。结论乳腺癌组织中的Ki-67、ER异常表达,并与蒽环类化疗药物敏感性相关。     

70岁及以上乳腺癌患者雌孕激素受体和表皮生长因子受体-2表达与病理的关系

目的 探讨70岁及以上乳腺癌患者雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、人类表皮生长因子受体2(Her-2)的表达情况及其与临床病理的关系.方法 回顾性分析124例70岁及以上原发性乳腺癌患者的临床和病理资料,采用免疫组化二步法测定乳腺癌组织中ER、PR、Her-2的表达,并对ER、PR、Her-2与病理类型、肿瘤大小、腋窝淋巴结转移状况和病理分期的相关性进行分析.结果 124例患者乳腺癌组织中ER、PR的表达阳性率分别为75.0%(93/124)、71.0%(88/124),Her-2表达+++的阳性率11.3%(14/124),Her-2表达++的阳性率24.2%(30/124).ER、PR的表达与乳腺癌的病理类型、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、病理分期均无相关性(P＞0.05),Her-2与乳腺癌的病理类型无相关性(P＞0.05),与肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、病理分期均呈正相关(均P＜0.05).结论 70岁以上乳腺癌组织中ER、PR表达阳性率高,其与临床病理预后指标不相关;Her-2过度表达与临床病理预后指标相关.     

70岁及以上胃癌患者的临床病理特征及预后分析

目的:探讨≥70岁胃癌患者的临床病理特征和影响预后的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析河北医科大学第四医院外三科自2012年1月至2015年1月行根治性手术治疗的2386例胃癌患者,筛选出年龄≥70岁的患者,分析临床特征及影响预后的因素。结果:2386例胃癌患者中年龄≥70岁者342例(14.3%)。两组之间在性别、伴发疾病个...     

Association of Toll like receptor 9 expression with lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer

The toll like receptor 9(TLR9) has been suggested to play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells in vitro. However, the expression of TLR9 in human cancer specimens has never been characterized. In this study, we investigated the expression of TLR9 in breast cancer specimens and determined the association between its expression and the clinicopathological features observed. We found that TLR9 expression was significantly higher in patients with breast cancers displaying large tumor size (P = 0.040), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001) or advanced pathological stage (P = 0.006). TLR9 expression was also increased in ER negative breast cancer specimens (P = 0.043). Logistic regression analysis revealed that pathological stage (P = 0.007) and TRL9 (P = 0.001) expression were independent factors that influenced axillary lymph node metastasis of breast cancer. Patients with positive TLR9 expression had a higher progress free survival compared with the TLR9-negative cohort (P = 0.037). Therefore we concluded that Lymph node metastasis more likely occur in breast cancer patients with a positive TLR9 status and its expression might serve as an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer.     

NSCLC患者血清AGR2水平在预后判断中的应用价值

目的：观察非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者化疗前后血清前梯度蛋白2(anterior gradient-2,AGR2)水平的变化及其对预后的影响。方法选取60例 NSCLC患者,给予吉西他滨联合顺铂化疗方案,并以20名健康体检者作为正常对照组,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法分别检测肺癌组化疗前后及正常对照组血清 AGR2含量,分析 AGR2水平与临床病理特征及预后的关系。结果肺癌组化疗前血清AGR2水平高于正常对照组[(14.41±4.12)μg/L vs (3.65±1.38)μg/L, t=7.657,P=0.000]。肺癌组化疗后血清 AGR2含量为(7.58±2.52)μg/L,显著低于化疗前水平(t=4.052,P=0.003)。NSCLC患者化疗前后血清 AGR2水平与肿瘤直径、临床分期、有无淋巴结转移有密切关系(P <0.05或P <0.01);COX 比例风险回归模型分析显示,化疗前血清 AGR2水平、淋巴结转移状态是影响患者生存时间的独立危险因素。结论血清 AGR2水平在评估 NSCLC 患者的化疗疗效及预后方面有着潜在的临床价值。     

Prognostic variability in completely resected pN1 non-small-cell lung cancer

We used the Tuscan Cancer Registry archives to retrieve records of 2,896 patients with a histological diagnosis of lung tumor from January 1996 to December 2000. Of 2,410 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, 767 (31.8%) underwent complete resection. The following variables were analyzed for their influence on survival in the 157 patients with pathologic N1 status: sex, age, cell type, pathologic tumor status, number and level of involved lymph nodes, tumor grade, and type of surgery. Overall 5-year survival rates were 43.9% for 417 patients with pN0 disease, 10.8% for 176 with pN2 disease, and 31.6% for those with pN1 disease. In pN1 disease, the overall 5-year survival rates for patients with hilar and non-hilar lymph node involvement were 27.4% and 39.6%, respectively. Univariate analysis demonstrated that pathological T status and level of N1 involvement were significant prognostic factors. Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that hilar lymph node involvement was an independent prognostic factor. N1 lymph node status was identified as an independent prognostic factor in a combination of subgroups with different prognoses.     

Treatment for liver metastases from breast cancer： Results and prognostic factors

AIM: Liver metastases from breast cancer (BCLM) are associated with poor prognosis. Cytotoxic chemotherapy can result in regression of tumor lesions and a decrease in symptoms. Available data, in the literature, also suggest a subgroup of patients may benefit from surgery, but few talked about transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). We report the results of TACE and systemic chemotherapy for patients with liver metastases from breast cancer and evaluate the prognostic factors. METHODS: Forty-eight patients with liver metastases, from proved breast primary cancer were treated with TACE or systemic chemotherapy between January 1995 and December 2000. Treatment results were assessed according to WHO criteria, along with analysis of prognostic factors for survival using Cox regression model. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 28 mo (1-72 mo). Response rates were calculated for the TACE group and chemotherapy group, being 35.7% and 7.1%, respectively. The difference was significant. The one-, two- and three-year Survival rates for the TACE group were 63.04%, 30.35%, and 13.01%, and those for the systemic chemotherapy group were 33.88%, 11.29%, and 0%. According to univariate analysis, variables significantly associated with survival were the lymph node status of the primary cancer, the clinical stage of liver metastases, the Child-Pugh grade, loss of weight. Other factors such as age, the intervals between the primary to the metastases, the maximal diameter of the liver metastases, the number of liver metastases, extrahepatic metastasis showed no prognostic significances. These factors mentioned above such as the lymph node status of the primary cancer, the clinical stage of liver metastases, the Child-Pugh grade, loss of weight were also independent factors in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: TACE treatment of liver metastases from breast cancer may prolong survival in certain patients. This approach offers new promise for the curative treatment of the patients with metastatic breast cancer.