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1.
好心情,是相当宝贵的."天的心情好了,天就晴朗了;水的心情好了,水就流淌了;花的心情好了,花就开放了;鸟的心情好了,鸟就飞翔了.打开心灵的天窗,让阳光漫步; 相似文献
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公立医院在经济活动中出现了一些偏差,不但影响了医院的形象,也损害了患者的合法权益。文章介绍了公立医院经济活动偏差的现状,分析了产生的原因,并提出了解决办法。 相似文献
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乾隆是清代一位多才多艺的皇帝,在一年的春天,有一天春雷阵阵,下起开春后的第一场雨。乾隆帝忽来雅兴,率领诸大臣去御花园赏雨。雨下的越来越大,不大功夫竟将亭子外的小草淹没。乾隆见景生情,触动灵感,随口拈一谜语曰:"大了小了,小了大了,大了没有了。"请各位大臣来猜。等了很久, 相似文献
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论述了医院传统人力资源管理中存在的问题,针对这些问题医院在聘用人员的管理中采用了灵活、新颖的"人力资源租赁服务"的管理模式,这种用工管理模式畅通了人员进出渠道,保障了医院人力资源的需求;用工程序简化,产生了管理效益和社会效益;还促进了医院原有职工思想观念的转变,增强了岗位竞争竟识. 相似文献
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中老年人学摄影系列已经写了五期了。在这五期中,我们和大家分享了摄影艺术的简要历史,回顾了摄影设备的组成与发展,介绍了手机摄影的软硬件知识,讨论了摄影美学,分析了摄影画面构图的技巧。今天这一期我们将与大家分享可能是各位用到最多.最关心的内容一像摄影的一些技巧。 相似文献
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昨晚给母亲打电话,听母亲说,我的一个远房奶奶快不行了。问母亲怎么回事,母亲说"人老了,骨头就脆了,下雨滑倒把腰摔骨折了。治了大半年了也不见好,一直躺在床上,现在天越来越热,身上的褥疮发了炎,昨天我过去看了看,病情越来越严重。"很多人,特别是偏远的农村,人们只知道人老了骨头脆了,却不知道骨头脆了是骨质 相似文献
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Jacques Tréton 《Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique》2008,43(2):63-66
Ageing and the nutrition knew two great evolutions recently. First of all, progress of the genetics of ageing which showed the genetic control of longevity. In addition, the important corpus of knowledge accumulated in the field of the food restriction, one of the rare interventions not-genetics known to increase the longevity of the mammals. This type of food mode being associated with a reduction in pathologies related to the age. The conjunction of these two targets of research made it possible to discover at animal models, mainly invertebrate, the subjacent genetic mechanisms binding the level of food and longevity. The comprehension of these genetic mechanisms will make it possible to open therapeutic new prospects connected to the processes of ageing. From yeast to mammals, a certain number of homologous genetic ways were shown. This rise of knowledge brings a beam, always growing, of data showing that the nervous system power station plays a part crucial in the perception of the requirements out of food also in the invertebrates. 相似文献
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A.M. Voigt H.A. Faerber G. Wilbring D. Skutlarek C. Felder R. Mahn D. Wolf P. Brossart T. Hornung S. Engelhart M. Exner R.M. Schmithausen 《International journal of hygiene and environmental health》2019,222(3):455-467
Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance. 相似文献
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C J Kalman 《Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)》1999,49(4):221-224
The media coverage given to occupational health studies in the field of ionizing radiation has, on occasion, been the cause of very real distress to radiation workers and their families. In response to this situation the Chief Medical Officers of the major UK nuclear companies developed an ethical policy for future involvement in research, based on the duty of care which researchers owe to a key customer of such studies: the worker. The policy consists of four principal elements: medical confidentiality; worker information; worker consent and the guarantee of the availability to the workers of pre-publication knowledge of the results. The policy issued in 1991/92 has achieved growing acceptance among researchers and medical journals, though the medical officers involved have been aware of some scepticism, particularly in relation to the practicalities of the dissemination of pre-publication information. The Record Linkage Study published in November 1997 marked a major piece of research work involving data from 120,000 radiation workers that had been carried out since the development of the policy. This paper reports on the successful compliance arrangements to meet the ethical requirements of that study within a single UK nuclear company, and is published to demonstrate that with commitment from researchers, the journal and occupational health staff such ethical requirements, and particularly the need for pre-publication information can be met in full. 相似文献
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Aurélie Villaret Romy Walther Max Lafontan Anne Bouloumié 《Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique》2011,46(5):234-239
The adipose tissue plays a major role in energy homeostasis through the storage and release of fatty acids as well as adipokine production. The endothelial cells of the adipose tissue vascular network constitute a barrier between the blood and the adipocyte compartments. They are key players in the metabolic status of the fat mass controlling the exchanges of nutrients, hormones, oxygen and immune-inflammatory cells. Recent data highlight the process of lipid handling at the endothelial cell surface and of the transendothelial transit of fatty acids. The extension of the vascular network and its functionality are necessary for the adipose tissue integrity. Insufficient oxygen supply generates hypoxic area within the tissue that favors metabolic abnormalities and the recruitment of immuno-inflammatory cells. The present review relates to the role of adipose tissue endothelial cells in the adipose tissue physiology. Their involvement and more particularly the role of accelerated ageing, in the link between obesity and associated metabolic and cardiovascular pathologies are described. 相似文献
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The impact of needle-exchange programs on the spread of HIV among injection drug users: A simulation study 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
J. M. Raboud M. C. Boily J. Rajeswaran M. V. O’Shaughnessy M. T. Schechter 《Journal of urban health》2003,80(2):302-320
Objective. To determine the impact of the implementation of a needle-exchange program (NEP) on the spread of human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) in an injection drug user (IDU) community. We conducted a Monte Carlo simulation study of a theoretical population
of 10,000 IDUs. The population was followed monthly from 1984 to 2000. HIV was assumed to be transmitted only by needle sharing.
The NEP was introduced in 1989 and evaluated over a period of 11 years. The impacts of the proportion of the population attending
the NEP, the risk level of IDUs attending the NEP, the reduction in needle-sharing frequency, and the number of new needle-sharing
partners acquired at the NEP on prevalence and incidence of HIV were determined. Increasing the proportion of the population
who always attend the NEP and eliminating needle-sharing incidents among IDUs who always attended the NEP were the most effective
ways of reducing the spread of HIV. Attracting high-risk users instead of lower risk users to the NEP also reduced the spread
of HIV, but to a lesser extent. NEPs are effective at reducing the spread of HIV; even under the worst case scenario of low
risk users more likely to attend the NEP, one additional partner per month as a result of attending the NEP, and poor NEP
attendance, the estimated prevalence was still less than that from the scenario without an NEP. Under our model, NEPs were
shown to reduce the spread of HIV significantly. Efforts should be focused on getting as many IDUs as possible to become regular
NEP attenders and stop sharing needles rather than partially reducing the frequency of sharing by a larger number of IDUs. 相似文献
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目的 使用2009年、2012年、2015年3个年份的样本量来分析重庆地区在2009—2015年间的肥胖检出情况、肥胖对学生的身体机能和常见疾病的影响情况,为改善学生生理机能、降低相关疾病寻找依据和方法。方法 通过分析2009年、2012年、2015年重庆市学生体质健康监测的累加数据,观察肥胖对学生血压、肺活量、肺活量指数、视力等身体机能的影响以及对近视、龋齿等常见疾病的影响。结果 2009年、2012年、2015年学生累计样本数为202 235人,体质量指数为肥胖的学生9 529人,肥胖率为4.71%,其中男生肥胖率为5.79%,女生肥胖率为3.73%,男生肥胖率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=473.66,P<0.01);城市学生肥胖率为5.88%,乡村学生肥胖率为3.66%,城市学生肥胖率高于乡村学生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=551.30,P<0.01)。在生理功能方面,非肥胖组学生右眼视力、左眼视力、收缩压、舒张压、肺活量、肺活量指数均优于肥胖组学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肥胖组学生龋失补总牙数均值与非肥胖组学生比较,差值为-0.22颗/人,差异有统计学意义(t=-16.31,P<0.01);肥胖组与非肥胖组的龋齿检出率分别为13.43%和20.54%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=113.34,P<0.01);肥胖组近视检出率右眼左眼分别为57.45%、 57.00%,非肥胖组近视检出率右眼左眼分别为51.86%、51.47%,肥胖组近视检出率与非肥胖组近视检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2右眼=113.34,P<0.01;χ2左眼=109.11,P<0.01)。结论 2009年、2012年、2015年重庆市中小学生肥胖检出率均处于一个较低水平,肥胖表现出了显著的性别间、城乡间差异;肥胖易使学生视力降低、血压升高、肺功能储备降低。 相似文献
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Marie-Aline Charles 《Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique》2011,46(4):167-172
In most developed and developing countries, a regular increase of the prevalence of obesity has been documented during the last decade(s) of the xxth century. The last figure from the USA is for the first time discordant with this general trend by showing a clear slowing down since year 2000. In children likewise, a rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity took place in the second half of the xxth century but recent publications from France, Switzerland, UK, USA also report a stabilization of childhood overweight and obesity prevalences. The experience of developing countries clearly shows the impact of socioeconomic status improvement and urbanization on the prevalence of obesity. In developed countries like France, a striking element was the diffuse nature of the adult obesity epidemic observed from the 1990s. The general improvement of living conditions after the Second World War probably explains the diffuse nature of the epidemics. Specifically, the changes in the nutritional status of children that happened at that time have long lasting consequences for adult obesity epidemics. Indeed, a new current in epidemiology, lifecourse epidemiology, has prompted over the past decade a new approach of the pathophysiology of chronic diseases, including obesity. Lifecourse epidemiology considers factors affecting the susceptibility to diseases over the whole life with critical periods during developmental phases. Critical periods for the susceptibility to obesity have been documented in prenatal life, during the first 6 months of postnatal life and from 3 years on starting at the time of the adiposity rebound. Parental obesity is involved at each of the critical periods. The transgenerational transmission of obesity is explained by genetic factors, shared lifestyle but also epigenetics especially during the early developmental periods. The slowing down of the childhood obesity epidemics observed in several developed countries may signal that factors affecting the early susceptibility to obesity have recently changed. 相似文献
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The association between problems of the upper limb and the workplaceis complex. A large printing manufacturer in the North Westof England sought the advice of both a surgeon, specializingin problems of the upper limb and an ergonomist in an attemptto control the frequency of these abnormalities amongst itsworkforce. The prevalence of these problems prior to and afterthe introduction of a number of recommendations was collatedand the results are discussed. Effectively the introductionof sensible and sympathetic modifications to the workplace appearedto reduce the number of upper limb disorders. 相似文献
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The provision of adequate health care facilities to cater forthe health of workers is an important consideration in the managementof manufacturing industries, since productivity is dependenton the health status of the workers. There are very few studiesevaluating the health care provision in Nigerian industries.This study elucidates such health care services in Edo and DeltaStates of Nigeria. One hundred and thirty-five (56%) of the241 registered manufacturing industries in Edo and Delta Statesof Nigeria were randomly selected and investigated. The responserate was 91.1% and the result showed that the medical staffcomprised 2.5% of the total workforce, with the large scaleindustries contributing the highest proportion of these. Fourpoint five per cent of the medical staff had formal trainingin occupational health and 15.6% of them visited the factoryshop floor. The doctor:staff ratio in the medium and large scaleindustries were 1:819 and 1:618 respectively. It was found thatall the industries used the health care facilities providedby the government, there were no clinics in all the small scaleindustries and group practice was not used by any of the industriesstudied. Pre-employment medical examinations were carried outin each of the groups of industries (100%, 39.4% and 5%) respectively,as were periodic medical examinations during employment, althoughto a lesser extent (100%, 13.2%, 0%) for the large, medium andsmall scale industries respectively. These finding suggest theavailability of a reasonable standard of health care provisionfor large scale industries and somewhat less availability formedium and small scale industries. Health education of boththe employers of labour, and the employees and the enforcementof existing laws are needed to improve the existing standardof occupational health services. 相似文献
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Palmer KT McElearney N Harrington M;Education Panel of the Society of Occupational Medicine;Revalidation Commitee of the Faculty of Occupational Medicine 《Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)》2004,54(4):218-226
Following a series of serious misdemeanours by British doctors, the General Medical Council (GMC) has introduced a system of re-licensing called 'revalidation'. Annual medical appraisal forms an important cornerstone of the proposed system, but specific guidance is lacking on the content of appraisal for occupational physicians, and the kinds of evidence that they might bring to critical reviews of performance. Two educational bodies, the Revalidation Committee of the Faculty of Occupational Medicine, Royal College of Physicians and the Education Panel of the Society of Occupational Medicine, have jointly developed a set of recommendations on appraisal to further the process. In this paper we summarize the background and present the guidelines promulgated by the Faculty and the Society. 相似文献