变应性肉芽肿性血管炎7例临床分析

目的 总结7例变应性肉芽肿性血管炎(CSS)的临床特点,提高基层临床医生对该病的认识.方法 回顾性分析7例变应性肉芽肿性血管炎的临床特点、实验室检查及病理特征.结果 7例病例中6例有哮喘样发作,首发症状为哮喘的4例,6例伴有嗜酸性粒细胞增高,4例肺病理结果有小血管炎或大量嗜酸粒细胞浸润或部分病灶有肉芽组织改变.使用糖皮质激素治疗的5例,治疗后5例嗜酸性粒细胞均降至正常,临床症状明显改善.结论 临床上遇到对同时有哮喘、鼻窦炎、外周血嗜酸细胞明显增高、胸部影像学异常的需考虑CSS.     

变应性肉芽肿性血管炎的临床及病理学特点(附4例报告)

目的分析变应性肉芽肿性血管炎（Churg-Strauss综合征,CSS）的临床及病理学特点,提高诊断水平。方法复习确诊为CSS的4例患者的住院资料,对其临床表现及病理学特点进行总结。结果本病临床表现多种多样,以呼吸系统和周围神经受累最常见,所有患者末梢血的嗜酸性粒细胞比例增高（27.5%～73.3%）。3例肌肉活检显示血管炎性改变及嗜酸性粒细胞浸润;1例腓肠神经活检可见神经束内有髓纤维轴索变性,神经外膜血管炎性病变伴嗜酸粒细胞浸润。结论当患者出现呼吸系统和周围神经等多系统受累表现及末梢血嗜酸粒细胞比例增高时,应进行相关组织病理检查,及时诊断治疗。     

变应性肉芽肿性血管炎二例报告并文献复习

目的 加深对变应性肉芽肿性血管炎（ 又称Churg-Strauss 综合征, CSS） 的认识, 提高临床诊断及治疗水平, 改善预后。方法 复习国内发表的临床诊断为CSS 的28 例病例, 结合近期南华大学第二附属医院收治的2 例变应性肉芽肿性血管炎病例进行临床分析。结果 30 例患者中, 男16例（ 53. 3% ） , 女14 例（ 46. 7% ） ; 年龄7 ～76 岁, 平均41. 4 岁。14 例以喘息为首发症状, 19 例有支气管哮喘症状, 病变可累及呼吸系统（ 63. 3% ） 、神经系统（ 36. 7% ） 、皮肤（ 50. 0% ） 、消化系统（ 33. 3% ） 、心脏（ 13. 3% ） 、肾脏（ 6. 7% ） 、关节肌肉（ 3. 0% ） 、外周血管（ 6. 7% ） 及眼部（ 6. 7%） 等。28 例（ 93. 3% ） 存在嗜酸粒细胞异常, 平均值为29. 5% , 6 例患者抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体核周型（ P-ANCA） 、抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体胞浆型（ C-ANCA） 检查均提示阳性。18 例CSS 患者肺部CT 存在异常, 多表现为浸润性、磨玻璃样、弥漫性间质样或结节样改变;14 例取得病理学检查依据, 表现为嗜酸粒细胞浸润, 血管炎及血管外肉芽肿。临床治疗主要使用糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂（ 如环磷酰胺） , 总体预后较好。结论 变应性肉芽肿性血管炎是一种罕见的系统性血管炎疾病, 临床表现缺乏特异性, 易漏诊、误诊, 当患者表现为哮喘、外周血嗜酸粒细胞增多及肉芽肿性血管炎时, 应高度警惕此病。     

误诊为支气管哮喘的变应性肉芽肿性血管炎一例并文献复习

报道1例变应性肉芽肿性血管炎患者的临床资料,治疗及随访情况,总结变应性肉芽肿性血管炎的临床特点,以提高对本病的认识,减少误诊率.结合2013年之前国内报道的病例进行复习,以呼吸系统为首发症状者最多见,95.74％的患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增高.     

变应性肉芽肿性血管炎一例

变应性肉芽肿性血管炎(Churg-Struss,CSS)是系统性血管炎的一种,按Chaple Hill93标准分类被归纳为主要累及中、小血管的血管炎。临床上常以哮喘、肺部炎性改变、肾损害、外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增高和多器官组织嗜酸性粒细胞浸润为主要表现。此病发病率低,临床表现多样,容易误诊误治。我科近年收治1例被多科误诊的变应性肉芽肿性血管炎患者,     

肺嗜酸性粒细胞浸润症临床特点的回顾性分析

目的观察肺嗜酸性粒细胞浸润症(PIE)的临床资料,探讨PIE的临床特点和诊断经验,提高对该类疾病的认识。方法回顾分析2004年1月至2013年12月广州医科大学附属第一医院临床诊断的48例PIE患者的一般资料、临床表现、实验室检查、影像和病理学检查等。结果 48例PIE患者中男27例,女21例,肺嗜酸粒细胞性肉芽肿(肺组织细胞增生症X,PEG)2例,嗜酸粒细胞性肉芽肿性血管炎(EGPA)7例,单纯性肺嗜酸性粒细胞增多症(L?ffler综合征)4例,变应性支气管肺曲菌病(ABPA)16例和慢性嗜酸性粒细胞肺炎(CEP)19例。47.9%的PIE患者曾被诊断哮喘,接受哮喘的规范性治疗但症状仍控制不佳。PEG以喘息、气促为主要表现;外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数和百分比无明显增高;肺功能以小气道受损明显;影像学见双肺弥漫性小囊状透亮区;病理见肺泡腔嗜酸性粒细胞浸润。EGPA以喘息、咳嗽为主要特征,PIE患者中仅其存在其他器官受累,如四肢麻木;外周血中嗜酸性粒细胞计数、百分比及诱导痰嗜酸性粒细胞百分比增高;肺功能FEV1/FVC和小气道均受损;影像学以树芽征改变为主,且有游走性;病理示PIE中有且仅有本病可见血管外嗜酸性肉芽肿。L?ffler综合征以咳嗽为主,病程短、喘息少见;外周血中嗜酸性粒细胞计数、百分比和诱导痰嗜酸性粒细胞百分比增高常见;肺基础通气和弥散功能无明显下降;影像学示双肺散在密度较淡、边缘欠清的云絮状阴影;病理见肺泡腔、肺间质或血管腔内嗜酸性粒细胞浸润。ABPA临床症状以喘息、咳嗽为最常见,31.3%的ABPA可出现咯血;血嗜酸粒性细胞百分比无显著增高,FEV_1/FVC和小气道均存在明显受损;PIE的影像学仅有ABPA存在中心性支气管扩张;病理示支气管管壁或肺间质嗜酸性粒细胞浸润。CEP以喘息、咳嗽为主,21.1%的CEP表现胸痛;诱导痰嗜酸性粒细胞百分比增高较外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增高更显著;肺功能示其仅存在小气道受损;影像学示84.2%的CEP病灶呈肺周围型胸膜下分布;病理示肺泡腔、肺间质或血管腔内嗜酸性粒细胞浸润。结论 PIE患者大部分以哮喘为初步诊断,即使规范治疗,症状仍控制不佳,应完善相关检查以明确PIE诊断;PIE患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多,多存在肺功能受损,此类疾病的诊断仍主要依据临床表现、实验室检查和影像学、病理学资料做出诊断。     

嗜酸性粒细胞性心肌炎研究进展

嗜酸性粒细胞性心肌炎(EM)是一种相对罕见的疾病,其潜在的病因可能是反应性嗜酸性粒细胞增多、嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎及特发性嗜酸性粒细胞增多症等。EM病理改变包括急性心肌坏死、血栓形成及心内膜纤维化3个阶段。其临床表现多样。多数患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多,心肌活检是诊断的金标准。根据病因的不同,治疗也各不相同。因此需要对其病因进行全面的检查和精确诊断,根据其潜在病因进行特异性治疗。     

肺嗜酸粒细胞浸润症6例分析

[目的]探讨肺嗜酸粒细胞浸润症（PIE）的临床类型、诊断和治疗。[方法]回顾性分析6例PIE的临床资料、治疗效果。[结果]单纯性肺嗜酸粒细胞浸润症（Lsffler综合征）3例,慢性嗜酸粒细胞肺炎（CEP）1例,肺变应性肉芽肿与血管炎（css）2例。临床表现以咳嗽、发热、喘息、等症状为主,外周血嗜酸粒细胞（EOS）均增高,X线示肺部多发性斑片阴影,糖皮质激素治疗有效。[结论]提高对PIE临床特点的认识,对及时正确诊断PIE、减少误诊、避免不必要的抗菌药物使用有重要意义。     

嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎186例临床荟萃分析

目的总结嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎的临床特征。方法以"嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎"、"变应性肉芽肿性血管炎"、"Churg-Strauss综合征"为检索词,通过中国医院知识数据库(CHKD)对2017年1月以前发表的例数达10例以上的中文文献进行检索,并汇总分析。结果符合嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎诊断的病例186例,以呼吸系统受累最常见(73.7%),神经系统(68.3%)、皮肤损害(60.2%)、泌尿系统(42.5%)受累也较为常见。肾脏受累较轻,最常见实验室检查异常为血嗜酸性粒细胞增高(90.8%)。结论嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎临床表现多样,早期识别困难,临床医生须加强认识,提高警惕,争取早期诊断,改善预后。     

头颈部嗜酸性粒细胞增生性淋巴肉芽肿5例分析并文献复习

目的：研究嗜酸性粒细胞增生性肉芽肿的诊断及治疗。方法回顾性分析我院2014年4月—2015年3月收治的5例嗜酸性粒细胞增生性肉芽肿患者的临床资料。结果5例患者均以无痛性皮下肿块为首诊症状,均伴外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多,3例伴皮肤瘙痒,均行肿块切除病理确诊。结论正确和全面认识嗜酸性粒细胞增生性肉芽肿,依据活检确诊,治疗方法主要有手术切除、糖皮质激素治疗、低剂量放射治疗。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.