肺癌组织中耐药相关蛋白和p53 bcl-2表达及其意义

目的:探讨肺癌组织中耐药相关蛋白和p53、bcl-2表达及其意义.方法:应用免疫组化技术检测治疗前73例肺癌组织标本中P-gp、MRP、LRP、GST-π、p53和bcl-2表达.结果:非小细胞肺癌组P-gp、LRP、MRP LRP、P-gp p53的蛋白表达明显高于小细胞肺癌组(P＜0.05).腺癌组MRP、LRP、MRP LRP、MRP LRP GST-π、MRP LRP P-gp GST-π蛋白阳性表达高于鳞状细胞癌组、小细胞肺癌组(P＜0.05),MRP GST-π共表达者高于鳞状细胞癌组(P＜0.01),P-gp-p53共表达者高于小细胞肺癌组(P＜0.05),bcl-2蛋白阳性表达低于鳞状细胞癌组、小细胞肺癌组(P＜0.05).鳞状细胞癌组P-gp、P-gp p53、P-gp bcl-2的蛋白表达明显高于小细胞肺癌组(P＜0.05).P-gp与p53、bcl-2蛋白阳性表达呈正相关(P＜0.05).p53与bcl-2蛋白阳性表达呈正相关(P＜0.01).MRP与GST-π蛋白阳性表达呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论:肺癌耐药为一多途径多基因参与的过程,P-gp、LRP、MRP、GST-π、p53、bcl-2表达及其共表达可作为监测肺癌细胞原发性耐药的指标.     

恶性黑色素瘤中C-erbB-2、P53、P16蛋白的表达

目的:探讨恶性黑色素瘤中C蛳erbB蛳2、p53、p16蛋白的表达及其相互关系。方法:应用免疫组化S蛳P法对14例恶性黑色素瘤和39例色素痣组织中C蛳erbB蛳2、p53、p16蛋白表达进行检测。结果:14例恶性黑色素瘤中C蛳erbB蛳2、p53和p16蛋白的阳性率分别为50 %(7/14)、64 %(9/14)、43 %(6/14)。39例色素痣中C蛳erbB蛳2、p53和p16蛋白的阳性率分别为18 %(7/39)、36 %(14/39)、77 %(30/39)。C蛳erbB蛳2、p53、p16蛋白阳性率与恶性黑色素瘤的发生有密切的关系(P < 0.05)。结论:肿瘤多基因分析比单基因分析有价值。癌基因C蛳erbB蛳2和抑癌基因p53、p16蛋白的表达异常及协同作用在恶性黑色素瘤的发生发展中起重要作用。     

脑膜瘤细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因bcl—2、p53蛋白的表达

目的 探讨脑膜瘤自发性细胞凋亡相关基因bcl-2、p53蛋白在脑膜瘤中的表达及其意义。方法 采用TUNEL法和免疫组化S－P法检测40例脑膜瘤中细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因bcl-2,p53蛋白的表达。结果 恶性和非典型脑膜瘤中的细胞凋亡指数（AI）明显高于良性脑膜瘤（P＜0．05）,良性脑膜瘤不同亚型之间bcl-2,p53表达无显著性差异（P＞0．05）;p53蛋白表达随脑膜瘤恶性程度增高而增强,具有显著性差异（P＜0．05）,p53阳性与阴性的脑膜瘤中的细胞凋亡指数无显著性差异;bcl-2蛋白表达与脑膜瘤细胞凋亡呈负相关。结论 恶性及非典型脑膜瘤中自发性细胞凋亡增多;凋亡是脑膜瘤恶性或不典型的1个重要的生物学行为;p53基因在脑膜瘤的恶变过程中发生重要作用,与脑膜瘤的恶性进展密切相关;bcl-2基因在脑膜瘤中可抑制细胞凋亡。     

膀胱移行细胞癌P—gp表达与凋亡相关蛋白p53、bcl—2的关系

目的探讨膀胱移行细胞癌组织中MDR1基因产物P-gp表达与凋亡相关蛋白p53、bcl-2的相互关系及其临床意义.方法采用免疫组化S-P法检测107例原发性膀胱移行细胞癌组织中P-gp、p53、bcl-2蛋白的表达情况.结果P-gp、p53、bcl-2蛋白的阳性表达率分别为63.6%、72.9%、54.2%,三者的过度表达均与膀胱癌的病理分级、临床分期和术后腔内化疗后复发有关;P-gp表达与p53、bcl-2蛋白的表达密切相关(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论P-gp、p53、bcl-2蛋白的过度表达不仅是判定原发性膀胱移行细胞癌恶性程度和预后的重要指标,而且凋亡相关蛋白p53、bcl-2可能参与膀胱移行细胞癌多药耐药的形成.     

宫颈上皮癌变过程中bcl-2、c-erbB2和p53蛋白的表达

背景与目的:宫颈上皮癌变分子生物学方面的研究报道较少,本研究拟探讨抗凋亡基因bcl-2、癌基因c-erbB2和抑癌基因p53表达在宫颈上皮癌发生发展中的意义。方法:应用免疫组化SP法检测48例宫颈鳞癌、42例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(cervicalintraepithelialneoplasia,CIN)和20例正常宫颈组织中bcl-2、c-erbB2和p53蛋白的表达情况。结果:bcl-2、c-erbB2和p53在宫颈鳞癌、CIN和正常宫颈组织中阳性率分别为72.9%(35/48)、60.4%(29/48)、58.3%(28/48);61.9%(26/42)、38.1%(16/42)、26.2%(11/42);20.0%(4/20)、0.0%(0/20)、0.0%(0/20)。bcl-2在鳞癌、CIN中的表达与正常组织相比差异有显著性(P<0.001),而鳞癌组与CIN组之间的差异无显著性(P>0.05);c-erbB2和p53在鳞癌、CIN与正常组织中的表达有显著性差异(P<0.05);bcl-2、c-erbB2和p53在CIN3组与CIN和CIN2组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05)。bcl-2和p53表达与组织学类型、病理分级及临床分期有关(P<0.05)。bcl-2的表达随病理分级升高和临床分期进展而降低,而与淋巴结转移无关(P>0.05);p53表达结果与之相反;c-erbB2表达与组织学类型、病理分级、临床分期和淋巴结转移无关(P>0.05)。结论:在宫颈上皮癌变过程中,bcl-2过表达是宫颈癌发生的早期事件;c-erbB2过表达是细胞恶性变的标     

乳腺癌组织中PCNA、bcl-2与p53基因蛋白表达

[目的]探讨乳腺癌、癌旁和正常乳腺组织中PCNA、bcl-2与p53基因蛋白表达的差异及其在乳腺癌变中的意义。[方法]用免疫组化法检测46例乳腺癌、癌旁组织和33例正常乳腺组织中PCNA、bcl-2与p53基因蛋白表达。[结果]①PCNA指数:乳腺癌与癌旁组织差异无显著性;乳腺癌和正常乳腺组织(46.03±8.76与32.13±6.78),乳腺癌旁和正常乳腺组织(42.90±7.92与32.13±6.78)差异均有显著性(P<0.01)。②bcl-2基因蛋白表达分值:乳腺癌、癌旁和正常乳腺组织分别为:0.62±0.47,0.91±0.58,1.56±0.84;分值大小顺序呈表达上升趋势。③p53基因蛋白表达分值:乳腺癌、癌旁组织和正常乳腺组织分别为:2.21±0.96,1.86±0.87,0.87±0.57;分值大小顺序表达呈下降趋势。④在乳腺癌组织PCNA指数与bcl-2呈中度负相关(rs=-0.537),与p53呈中度正相关(rs=0.628),bcl-2与p53呈中度负相关(rs=-0.476)。[结论]乳腺癌的发生、发展过程中PCNA和p53分值增大,bcl-2分值变小,预示组织恶性程度可能增加,对判定乳腺组织的良、恶性及预后具有重要临床价值。     

核因子-κB/p65表达下调对舌鳞状细胞癌裸鼠移植瘤中bcl-2和bax表达的影响

目的:本实验旨在探讨下调核因子-κB(nuclear factor-kappa B,NF-κB)/p65亚单位的表达对舌鳞状细胞癌裸鼠移植瘤生长及细胞凋亡相关基因bcl-2和bax表达的影响。方法:应用舌鳞状细胞癌Tca8113细胞建立舌鳞状细胞癌裸鼠移植瘤模型。将针对p65的小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)接种荷瘤裸鼠,观察下调NF-κB/p65表达后荷瘤裸鼠的生长情况;采用TUNEL法检测肿瘤组织中的细胞凋亡情况;进一步应用RT-PCR和Western印迹法检测肿瘤组织中p65、bcl-2和bax的mRNA及蛋白表达变化。结果:经p65siRNA治疗后,肿瘤的生长明显受到抑制(P<0.05);TUNEL结果表明,p65siRNA组肿瘤细胞明显发生凋亡;此外,p65siRNA组裸鼠肿瘤组织p65和bcl-2的mRNA及蛋白表达明显下调,而bax的mRNA及蛋白表达显著上调,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:NF-κB/p65亚基可能在舌鳞状细胞癌的细胞凋亡中发挥重要作用。     

非霍奇金淋巴瘤组织中突变型p53、bcl-2、Ki-67及survivin蛋白表达及临床意义

目的:探讨突变型p53、bcl-2、Ki-67、survivin在非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)组织中的表达及其临床价值.方法:采用组织芯片技术及免疫组化SP法检测142例NHL和18例良性淋巴结病变组织中突变型p53、bcl-2、Ki-67、survivin蛋白的表达.结果:突变型p53、bcl-2、Ki-67、survivin蛋白在NHL中的表达阳性率分别为55.63%(79/142)、51.41%(73/142)、48.59%(69/142)和60.56%(86/142);与对照组相比具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01).在不同性别以及在不同细胞类别NHL中,突变型p53、bcl-2、Ki-67、survivin蛋白表达阳性率基本一致,统计分析无显著性差异(P>0.05);但在低年龄组、临床Ⅲ-Ⅳ期和高度恶性组突变型p53、bcl-2、Ki-67、survivin蛋白表达阳性率明显高于高年龄组、临床Ⅰ-Ⅱ期和低度恶性组,有显著性差异(P<0.05);突变型p53蛋白与Ki-67蛋白呈正相关(r=0.8769),survivin蛋白与bcl-2蛋白表达呈正相关(r=0.8846).结论:突变型p53、bcl-2、Ki-67、survivin蛋白在NHL组织中高表达,与NHL的发生与发展、细胞恶性程度和组织病理学等级密切相关.     

胃癌、癌前病变组织中p53蛋白表达的临床意义

目的探讨胃癌及癌前病变组织中p53蛋白表达的临床意义.方法采用间接免疫荧光标记染色和流式细胞术,检测并比较10例正常胃粘膜、13例浅表性胃炎、10例肠上皮化生、11例不典型增生及16例胃癌组织中p53蛋白的表达水平.以DNA指数、增殖指数(PI)、荧光指数(FI)为分析指标.结果胃癌、不典型增生及肠上皮化生的FI值分别为1.866±0.096、1.143±0.060、1.050±0.074,与正常胃粘膜(0.602±0.077)比较,均有显著性差异(P＜0.05),与浅表性胃炎(0.898±0.052)比较,也有显著性差异(P＜0.05).胃癌组织的FI值高于不典型增生及肠上皮化生(P＜0.05).不典型增生组织p53蛋白阳性率为25.0%(2/8),胃癌为68.4%(13/19),在不典型增生及胃癌组织中,其异倍体的FI值、PI值和p53蛋白阳性率与二倍体者比较,均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论胃癌组织p53蛋白的表达水平高于癌前病变及正常胃粘膜组织;随病变向恶性转化,p53蛋白表达水平、PI值及异倍体率均增高.因此,检测p53蛋白表达水平对胃癌的诊断具有一定意义.     

p53及bcl-2蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达及与c-erbB-2表达的相关性

目的探讨p53及bcl-2蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达情况,并分析其与c-erbB-2表达的相关性。方法选取50例乳腺癌患者,搜集其临床资料并进行回顾性分析,所有患者均行手术治疗并采集其乳腺癌组织(观察组,n=50)及癌旁正常乳腺组织(对照组,n=50)。采用免疫组化法检测并比较各组织标本中p53及bcl-2蛋白表达情况,分析其与乳腺癌组织病理分级的关系。另据乳腺癌组织中c-erbB-2蛋白表达情况分为c-erbB-2阳性组(n=37)及c-erbB-2阴性组(n=13),Person相关性分析评估p53、bcl-2蛋白与c-erbB-2蛋白表达的相关性。结果对照组及观察组中p53蛋白阳性表达率分别为0.00%、64.00%;bcl-2蛋白阳性表达率分别为88.00%、64.00%。观察组p53蛋白阳性表达率显著高于对照组,而观察组bcl-2蛋白阳性表达率显著低于对照组(P<0.01);p53蛋白阳性率随乳腺癌组织病理分级升高而逐渐升高,bcl-2蛋白阳性表达率随乳腺癌组织病理分级升高而逐渐降低,各级别间差异显著(P<0.05)。c-erbB-2阳性组中p53蛋白阳性表达率显著高于c-erbB-2阴性组,bcl-2蛋白阳性表达率显著低于c-erbB-2阴性组,且乳腺癌组织中p53蛋白与c-erbB-2蛋白表达显著正相关(γ=0.894,P<0.01),而bcl-2蛋白与c-erbB-2蛋白表达显著负相关(γ=-0.803,P<0.01)。结论乳腺癌组织中p53蛋白高表达,bcl-2蛋白低表达,且乳腺癌组织中p53蛋白与c-erbB-2蛋白表达显著正相关,而bcl-2蛋白与c-erbB-2蛋白表达显著负相关。     

P16INK4a Immunostaining but Lack of Human Papilloma Virus Type 16 in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Basal Cell Carcinoma: a Report from West Iran

The tumor suppressor p16 is a biomarker for transforming human papilloma virus (HPV) infections that can lead to contradictory results in skin carcinomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate p16 expression and HPV-16 infection in the cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This case-control study was performed on paraffin blocks of BCCs and SCCs and normal skin (53, 36, and 44 cases, respectively), between 2006 to 2015. Initial sections for groups were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E). Immunohistochemistry was performed for p16 expression and human papilloma virus type 16 (HPV-16) infection. Normal group was skin of mammoplasty specimens and normal skin tissue in the periphery of tumors. The mean age at diagnosis was 42.1, 61.7 and 71.4 years for normal, BCC and SCC groups, respectively. P16 positivity was more in SCC and BCC groups compared to normal group (P<0.05) and HPV was negative in all patients in three groups. Also, the mean age at diagnosis and P16-positivity were higher for the SCC group than the BCC group (P<0.005). In conclusion, in non-melanoma skin cancers (SCC and BCC), p16-positivity can be a prognostic factor but there is no correlation between HPV-16 and p16 in these tumors.     

Elevated c-Src and c-Yes expression in malignant skin cancers

Abstracts

Background

Src family kinases (SFKs) play an important role in cancer proliferation, survival, motility, invasiveness, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Among the SFKs, c-Src and c-Yes are particularly over-expressed or hyper-activated in many human epithelial cancers. However, only a few studies have attempted to define the expression and role of c-Src and c-Yes in cutaneous carcinomas.

Objectives

To investigate the expression of c-Src and c-Yes in cutaneous carcinomas to include malignant melanoma (MM), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC).

Methods

We examined 6 normal skin tissues and 18 malignant skin tumor tissues using western blotting for the expression of c-Src and c-Yes. In another set, 16 specimens of MM, 16 SCCs and 16 BCCs were analyzed for the expression of c-Src and c-Yes using immunohistochemical staining.

Results

Western blotting showed that c-Src was expressed in all malignant skin tumors, but not in normal skin, while c-Yes was expressed in MM and SCC, but not in BCC and normal skin. Immunohistochemical staining results of c-Src and c-Yes in MM, SCC, and BCC mirrored those of the western blot analysis.

Conclusions

c-Src, rather than c-Yes, plays a key role in the proliferation and progression of malignant skin cancers.     

连接蛋白43、Kai1和PTEN蛋白在皮肤基底细胞癌中的表达及意义

 目的 探讨皮肤基底细胞癌（basal cell carcinoma,BCC）发生发展及其特殊生物学行为的相关因素。方法 免疫组织化学SP法分别检测35例皮肤BCC、10例正常皮肤和18例皮肤鳞状细胞癌（squamous cell cacinoma,SCC）组织中Cx43、Kai1、PTEN蛋白的表达;核酸分子原位杂交法检测Cx43 mRNA的表达。应用计算机图像分析系统分别检测各组中各种检测指标的阳性面积和表达强度; SPSS（13.0）软件包进行统计分析。结果 （1）Cx43蛋白、Cx43 mRNA在皮肤表皮中的表达呈强阳性,在BCC组呈阳性或弱阳性,在SCC组呈阴性或弱阳性。Cx43及其 mRNA在BCC组的表达与正常皮肤组及SCC组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。（2）Kai1、PTEN蛋白在皮肤表皮中的表达呈强阳性,在BCC组呈阳性或弱阳性,在SCC组呈阴性或弱阳性。Kai1、PTEN蛋白在BCC组的表达与正常皮肤组及SCC组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。（3）相关分析显示,BCC组织中,PTEN蛋白的表达与Kai1蛋白呈正相关(r=0.629,P<0.01),与Cx43蛋白(r=0.519,P＜0.01)也呈正相关;Cx43蛋白的表达与Cx43 mRNA呈正相关(r=0.732,P<0.01)。结论 （1）与正常皮肤组织比较,BCC中Cx43、Kai1、PTEN蛋白和Cx43mRNA低表达,可能在BCC发生发展的过程中发挥重要作用;（2）与SCC组织相比较,BCC中Cx43、Kai1、PTEN蛋白和Cx43mRNA高表达,可能与BCC生长缓慢及极少转移的生物学特性有关。     

p53 protein expression and cell proliferation in non-neoplastic and neoplastic proliferative skin diseases

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: The p53 protein is essential for the regulation of cell proliferation and its aberrant accumulation is usually seen in malignant tumors but also occurs in squamous epithelium of inflammatory skin diseases characterized by hyperproliferation. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of the p53 tumor suppressor protein in the pathogenesis of different hyperproliferative, non-malignant and malignant skin diseases, and to determine the association between p53 overexpression and cell proliferation. We also investigated the influence of aging on p53 and Ki-67 protein expression. METHODS: One hundred and fifty skin specimens divided into 30 samples each of normal skin (NS), psoriatic skin (PS), keratoacanthomas (KA), basal cell carcinomas (BCC), and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) were examined immunohistochemically to assess p53 and Ki-67 protein expression. RESULTS: p53 immunostaining of NS, PS, KA, BCC and SCC was detected in 39.0%, 46.7%, 66.7%, 80% and 86.7% of cases, respectively. Median values and ranges of p53 protein expression were as follows: 0.0% (range, 0.0-1.8%) in NS, 0.0% (range, 0.0-6.5%) in PS, 9.2% (range, 0.0-24.0%) in KA, 19.3% (range, 0.0-48.1%) in BCC and 30.1% (range, 0.0-68.1%) in SCC. p53- and Ki-67-positive cells were present in basal (NS) and suprabasal layers (PS), and not only in cancer nests of KA, BCC and SCC but also in dysplastic and even morphologically normal epidermis adjoining cancers. The positivity of p53 and Ki-67 proteins differed significantly among the groups, with no differences in p53 expression between NS and PS and in Ki-67 expression between PS and KA. Within all groups there was a significant correlation between p53 and Ki-67 expression. Lesion location and patient age, with the exception of location in PS and age in BCC, were significantly related to p53 and Ki-67 expression in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that p53 overexpression occurs mainly in neoplastic skin lesions, although it may also occur in squamous epithelium of inflammatory skin diseases such as PS, as well as in normal skin epithelium. It is associated with cell proliferation in normal as well as altered epithelium. p53 protein overexpression is an age-related process and significantly associated with sun exposure, especially in NS and PS but also in KA and SCC. Our findings suggest that Ki-67 rate and p53 protein expression reflect the degree of malignancy in the examined cutaneous neoplasms.     

eIF-4E、p53在皮肤鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective:To study the expression of eukaryotic initiation factor-4E (eIF-4E) and p53 in squamous cell carcino-mas (SCC) and to explore their relationship and clinical significance. Methods:The expression of eIF-4E and p53 in 32 cases of SCC was detected by immunohistochemical SABC method. Results:The positive rate of eIF-4E and p53 expression was 93.8% and 56.3% in SCC, and the levels of eIF-4E and p53 were significantly higher in SCC than those in the normal skin tissue (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Both eIF-4E and p53 were useful markers in SCC, but the specialty and sensitivity of the eIF-4E protein was high in SCC.     

P53 and hMSH2 expression in basal cell carcinomas and malignant melanomas from photoexposed areas of head and neck region

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays a pivotal role in skin damage and photocarcinogenesis. The basic mechanism of phototoxicity lies in DNA damage, and involves mutation of tumor suppressor genes, oncogenes and genes directly involved in the control of the stability of genome, such as the mismatch repair (MR) genes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of p53 and hMSH2 in the UV-related carcinogenetic process. An immunohistochemical study for p53 and hMSH2 was performed in a series of 43 basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and 60 melanomas (MM) from photoexposed areas of head and neck region, comparing the findings with follow-up. A deregulated p53 expression characterized less differentiated, more aggressive BCC (BCC2) but not the well-differentiated ones (BCC1). The hMSH2 protein was present, though expressed at varying levels, in 18 out of 21 BCC1 cases and in 4 out of 22 BCC2. In the remaining 3 cases of BCC1 and 18 cases of BCC2, a complete absence of hMSH2 expression was found, correlating directly with the presence of recurrence and/or death of the disease in case of melanoma (p<0.05). Overall, the expression of hMSH2 correlated inversely with the p53 overexpression (p<0.01). In MM, p53 was found overexpressed in 81.6% of the cases, and this correlated positively with the level of infiltration and with the presence of relapses (p<0.01) or metastasis (p<0.01) and inversely with the disease-free interval (p<0.05). These results are in agreement with the reported association between p53 deregulation and a more aggressive cancer phenotype. The evaluation of the expression of p53 and hMSH2 could improve the management of patients with BCC and MM, and could have a role also in the evaluation of the early cutaneous photo-inducted damage, contributing to the identification of presymptomatic patients predisposed to the development of UV-related new skin tumors, who could become candidates for chemoprevention trials.     

Survivin在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其与bcl-2、p53表达的关系

目的　探讨Survivin在非小细胞肺癌组织 (non smallcelllungcancer ,NSCLC)中的表达 ,及其与bcl 2、p5 3蛋白表达的相关性。方法　应用免疫组织化学SP法 ,检测Survivin、bcl 2、p5 3蛋白在 5 7例NSCLC组织和 10例正常肺组织中的表达。结果　Survivin蛋白在正常肺组织中不表达 ,5 7例NSCLC组织中 ,3 4例表达阳性 ,占 5 9.6%。Survivin蛋白表达与分化程度、淋巴结转移密切相关 (P<0 .0 5 )。NSCLC组织bcl 2蛋白表达阳性、阴性组中 ,Survivin蛋白阳性表达率分别为 78.9%( 15 / 19)和 5 0 %( 19/ 3 8) ,两者比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;p5 3蛋白表达阳性、阴性组中 ,Survivin蛋白阳性表达率分别为 72 .2 %( 2 6/ 3 6)和 3 8.1%( 8/ 2 1) ,两者比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,Survivin蛋白表达与bcl 2、p5 3蛋白表达密切相关。结论　Survivin在NSCLC组织中表达上调 ,通过抑制细胞凋亡 ,在NSCLC的发生和发展中起到重要作用 ;凋亡相关基因bcl 2的上调和抑癌基因p5 3的失活与Survivin的表达可能在NSCLC癌变中起协同作用     

Livin在皮肤鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其与FHIT、Caspase-3相关性的初步研究

目的研究Livin在皮肤鳞状细胞癌（SCC）中的表达及其与脆性组氨酸三联体（FHIT）、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3（Caspase-3）表达的相关性。方法应用免疫组织化学SP法检测Livin、FHIT、Caspase-3蛋白在48例SCC、20例慢性溃疡及12例正常皮肤组织中的表达。结果Livin在SCC的表达（33／48）明显高于慢性溃疡组织（3／20）及正常组织（0／12）（P〈0．01）;Caspase-3及FHIT在SCC中的表达明显低于正常皮肤和慢性溃疡组织（P〈0．01）;Livin、Caspase-3表达与肿瘤的分化程度、淋巴结转移差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。Livin、Caspase-3的表达与患者的年龄、性别以及肿瘤大小差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。SCC组织中Livin与Caspase-3（rs=-0．509,P：0．004）、FHIT（rs=-0．413,P=0．023）的表达呈负相关。结论Livin、FHIT、Caspase-3在SCC中的异常表达可能与SCC的发生、发展有关,并有可能成为SCC的预防和治疗的靶标。     

bcl-2、p53蛋白表达在卵巢子宫内膜异位症癌变过程中的作用

目的 探讨p53、bcl-2蛋白表达在卵巢子宫内膜异位症（内异症）癌变过程中的作用。方法 采用免疫组化法检测卵巢子宫内膜异位症组（内异症组,22例）、卵巢异位子宫内膜腺上皮不典型增生组（不典型增生组,14例）、卵巢子宫内膜异位症癌变组（癌变组,22例）的p53、bcl-2蛋白表达。结果 癌变组bcl-2蛋白表达阳性率显著高于内异组（P＜0．05）,不典型增生组bcl-2 蛋白表达阳性率显著高于内异组（P＜0．01）;癌变组p53蛋白表达阳性率显著高于不典型增生组（P＜0．01）及内异组（P＜0．01）,癌变组癌变区p53蛋白表达阳性率显著高于内异区（P＜0．05）;癌变组内异区bcl-2蛋白表达阳性率显著高于内异组（P＜0．05）,不典型增生组内异区bcl-2蛋白表达阳性率显著高于内异组（P＜0．01）。bcl-2、p53蛋白表达与绝经与否、肿瘤期别、生存期无明显相关性（P＞0．05）;癌变组癌变区p53、bcl-2蛋白表达无明显相关性（P＞0．05）。结论 p53、bcl-2的过度表达可能参与了内异症癌变的过程,p53蛋白阳性或bcl-2蛋白阳性的内异症可能是癌前病变。     

The role of TP53 and MDM2 polymorphisms in TP53 mutagenesis and risk of non-melanoma skin cancer

P53 is a key regulatory molecule in the cellular response to ultraviolet radiation, and TP53 mutation is the most common alteration in non-melanoma skin cancer. The MDM2 oncogene negatively regulates p53 protein levels, and both genes have functional polymorphisms that may modify skin cancer risk. Furthermore, prior research suggests that TP53 mutations preferentially occur on the arginine allele to selectively inactivate the p63 pathway. We tested these hypotheses of susceptibility and preferential mutation in non-melanoma skin cancer. The TP53 Arg72Pro and MDM2 309 polymorphisms were genotyped in a population-based case-control study of non-melanoma skin cancer, and TP53 alteration (mutation and immunohistochemistry staining) was evaluated in case tumors. In 902 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 676 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 812 controls, no association was found between the TP53 polymorphism and risk of non-melanoma skin cancer [odds ratio (OR)(BCC) 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80-1.20; OR(SCC) 0.93, 95% CI 0.75-1.16]. However, carriers of the MDM2 SNP309 G allele did have an elevated risk of non-melanoma skin cancer (OR(BCC) 1.15, 95% CI 0.93-1.42; OR(SCC) 1.29, 95% CI 1.02-1.63). We observed an association between TP53 alterations in the tumors and constitutive TP53 genotype (P < 0.01), with alterations preferentially occurring on the proline allele. Collectively, these data highlight the significant effects of genotype on gene-specific mutation events in carcinogenesis.