大豆异黄酮对去势大鼠血脂及动脉内皮舒张功能的影响

目的探讨大豆异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠的血脂代谢及血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的影响.方法50只健康雌性SD大鼠随机分成五组,A组假手术组,B组去卵巢(OVX) 高脂饲料,C组为OVX 高脂饲料 20 mg/(kgbw·d)大豆异黄酮,D组为OVX 高脂饲料 60 mg/(kgbw·d)大豆异黄酮,E组为OVX 高脂饲料 180 mg/(kgbw·d)大豆异黄酮.实验第61天股动脉放血处死大鼠,取血清测血脂、取胸主动脉做内皮依赖性舒张功能检测.结果A、C、D、E组大鼠血清TC、TG、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量都显著低于B组,C、D、E组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)显著高于B组(P＜0.05);B组大鼠动脉对乙酰胆碱诱导的内皮依赖性舒张反应显著低于A、C、D、E组(P＜0.05).结论大豆异黄酮能抑制血清TG、TC、LDL-C的升高,同时升高HDL-C,保护动脉内皮的正常功能,从而有益于预防绝经妇女动脉粥样硬化的形成.     

大豆异黄酮类成分对去卵巢大鼠脂质代谢的影响

目的:观察大豆异黄酮中主要成分染料木素(genistein,G)、大豆苷元(daidzein,D)及其苷对于去卵巢大鼠脂质代谢的影响.方法:Wistar雌性大鼠,双侧摘除卵巢,手术后1周,分为假手术组、模型组、雌激素组,大豆苷元高、中、低剂量组,染料木素高、中、低剂量组和大豆总黄酮提取物(T)高、中、低剂量组,灌胃给药3个月.每天称进食量,每周称一次体重;实验结束后,取血和肝脏,进行血清和肝脏胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的测定.结果:大豆苷元及大豆总黄酮提取物能明显抑制大鼠体重和进食量的增长(P<0.01),抑制腹部脂肪的堆积(P<0.001),染料木素无明显作用;大豆苷元降低血清中TC、LDL-C的浓度(P<0.05),对于血清中甘油三酯TG、HDL-C没有明显的作用,而染料木素可以降低LDL-C(P<0.01)且升高HDL-C(P<0.05),但对于TC、TG无作用;大豆苷元、染料木素及大豆总黄酮均能降低肝脏中TC、TG的浓度(P<0.001).结论:大豆苷元可以抑制去卵巢大鼠体重增长,减少腹部脂肪堆积,降低血浆胆固醇的升高.     

自制α-硫辛酸缓释片对高血脂新西兰兔血脂、血糖及胰岛素的影响

目的 研究自制α-硫辛酸缓释片(sustained-release Alpha-lipoic acid tablet.SRLA)对高血脂新西兰兔血脂、血糖及胰岛素的影响.方法 24只新西兰大耳白兔适应性喂养,分别按喂养饲料不同分成普通饲料组,高脂模型对照组,高脂饲料+SRLA(300mg/片)组3组,4周后检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血糖浓度、血清胰岛素浓度,并计算胰岛素敏感指数(ISI).结果 饲喂高脂饲料可致新西兰大耳白兔实验性高脂血症、胰岛素浓度增高、ISI降低:与高脂模型组相比.高脂饲料+SRLA组可显著降低新西兰大耳白兔血清TG、TC、LDL-C、血清胰岛素浓度(P<0.05).显著增高ISI(P<0.05),而对HDL-C无显著影响(P>0.05);3组动物间血糖浓度比较未见统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 SRLA对高脂饲料新西兰兔的血脂、胰岛素水平有调节作用,可预防高脂血症及胰岛素抵抗的发生.     

大豆异黄酮对高血脂大鼠的抗氧化作用

目的观察大豆异黄酮对高血脂大鼠抗氧化的作用。方法选择成年雌性SD大鼠50只,体重300～340g,随机分为四组:空白对照组:喂饲基础饲料;高脂模型组:喂饲高脂饲料;大豆异黄酮低剂量组:喂饲高脂饲料 SI(300mg/kg·BW);大豆异黄酮高剂量组:喂饲高脂饲料 SI(600mg/kg·BW),喂饲6周,实验期未,空腹12h,5%戊巴比妥钠麻醉后,心脏取血制备血清及10%KCl肝组织匀浆,定血清及肝组织总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总抗氧化能力(T—AOC)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH—PX)。结果与空白对照组比较,高脂模型组大鼠血清和肝脏中TC、TG含量高于空白对照组(P<0.01),与高脂模型组比较,SI剂量组大鼠肝脏、血清SOD、CAT、GSH—PX、T—AOC含量明显高于高脂组(P<0.05)。结论大豆异黄酮对高血脂大鼠具有明显的抗氧化作用。     

不同水质和饲料对兔动脉粥样硬化形成的影响

目的比较不同水质和饲料对兔动脉粥样硬化形成的影响。方法 3月龄新西兰雄兔28只,按体质量随机数字表法分为4组:自来水+普通饲料组、纯净水+普通饲料组、自来水+高脂饲料组、纯净水+高脂饲料组,每组7只,共饲养26周。每月检测血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、apoA、apoB、MDA、NO水平和SOD活性。实验结束时检测血清ET-1和Mg2+水平,并观察肝脏、心脏及主动脉弓的病理学变化和计算动脉粥样指数(AI)。结果自来水+高脂饲料组血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、MDA、ET-1水平与纯净水+高脂饲料组比较均升高(P<0.05),NO和SOD降低(P<0.01);高脂饲料组均出现典型粥样硬化斑块,其中自来水组AI高于纯净水组[(4.40±0.75)vs(4.18±0.77),P<0.05]。结论高脂饲料背景下长期饮用自来水比饮用纯净水更易促进兔动脉粥样硬化的发生。     

高胆固醇膳食诱发去卵巢兔脑内β淀粉样蛋白生成增多

目的初步探讨雌激素、胆固醇与AD之间的关系。方法雌性6月龄新西兰大白兔24只,随机分为正常对照组、假手术高胆固醇膳食组(假手术 2%胆固醇膳食)、去卵巢高胆固醇膳食组(去双侧卵巢 2%胆固醇膳食)。于实验0,4,8,12周动态监测血清总胆固醇浓度、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度及甘油三酯浓度变化;于12周处死动物,取兔脑皮质(额叶、颞叶)进行Aβ免疫组织化学染色。结果喂高胆固醇膳食后,去卵巢高胆固醇膳食组血清总胆固醇浓度、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度、甘油三酯浓度明显高于正常对照组、假手术高胆固醇膳食组(P<0.05);Aβ免疫组织化学染色经图像分析去卵巢高胆固醇膳食组阳性指数(PI)明显高于正常对照组、假手术高胆固醇膳食组(P<0.05)。结论高胆固醇膳食可以诱发雌激素缺乏兔脑内Aβ生成增多;雌激素具有显著的降胆固醇作用,可能是其抑制高胆固醇膳食诱发Aβ生成增多的机制之一。     

当归芍药散(汤剂)对摘除卵巢所致大鼠血脂异常的影响

目的:观察当归芍药散对摘除卵巢所致大鼠血脂异常的影响.方法:采用摘除雌性大鼠双侧卵巢的方法复制血脂异常模型.观察血清脂质及脂蛋白、血清SOD、MDA、肝脏脂质含量变化.结果:当归芍药散能明显降低血清TC、LDL-C、ApoB100含量(P<0.01),显著升高HDL-c、ApoAI含量(P<0.01,P<0.05),能使血清SOD活力明显升高(P<0.01),MDA含量显著降低(P<0.01),肝脏TC、TG明显降低(P<0.01).结论:该方具有防治摘除卵巢所致大鼠血脂异常的作用.     

中药红曲复方制剂降脂作用的实验研究

[目的]探讨中药红曲复方制剂对降低高脂血症模型大鼠血脂水平的疗效。[方法]采用高脂饲料喂养SD大鼠建立预防性高脂血症模型,将实验大鼠分成阴性对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组。连续灌胃给药30d,观察中药红曲复方制剂对高脂血症大鼠血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的影响。[结果]与阴性对照组比较,高脂饲料连续喂养30d后,模型对照组大鼠血清TG、TC和LDL-C显著升高(P0.01);与模型对照组比较,给药30d后,阳性对照组TG、TC和LDL-C显著降低(P0.05);低剂量组大鼠血清TG显著降低(P0.05),中剂量组和高剂量组血清TG、TC和LDL-C显著地降低(P0.01);各剂量组大鼠血清HDL-C无统计学差异(P0.05)。[结论 ]中药红曲复方制剂可有效控制并降低血脂水平。     

血脂康对早期糖尿病肾病患者氧化应激的影响

目的探讨血脂康对早期糖尿病肾病(DN)患者氧化应激的影响。方法将56例早期DN患者随机分成血脂康组(28例)和安慰剂组(28例),另外选20例健康体检者作为正常对照组。DN患者均给予胰岛素控制血糖,血脂康组加用血脂康0.6 g/次,3次/d;安慰剂组加用外形相同含淀粉的胶囊,0.6 g/次,3次/d,均治疗12周。治疗前后观察3组受试者血脂〔三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)〕水平及血清丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、尿清蛋白排泄率(UAER)的变化。结果与正常对照组比较,血脂康组和安慰剂组早期DN患者TG、TC、LDL-C、VLDL-C水平显著升高,HDL-C水平显著降低,血清SOD显著下降,MDA水平上升(P<0.05);血脂康治疗12周后,患者血清TG、TC、LDL-C、VLDL-C、MDA水平及UAER较治疗前显著下降,HDL-C水平及血清SOD活性较治疗前显著上升(P<0.05)。安慰剂处理前、后患者血脂、血清SOD、MDA及UAER间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论早期DN患者存在血脂紊乱和氧化应激,血脂康可调节早期DN患者血脂紊乱,并改善氧化应激,降低UAER,对早期DN治疗有益。     

橄榄油的降脂作用及其作用机制研究

目的探讨橄榄油的降血脂作用及其作用机制。方法将大鼠随机分为基础饲料喂养组、高脂饲料喂养组和高脂饲料加橄榄油组,喂养8周后分别测定其血清中TG、TC、LDL-C、apoA1、apoB、MDA含量、AI及肝脏组织中的TG、TC含量。结果大鼠血清TG、TC、LDL-C、apoA1、apoB、MDA、AI和肝脏组织中TC、TG含量水平均呈现出高脂饲料喂养组>高脂饲料加橄榄油喂养组>基础饲料喂养组(P<0.05)。结论橄榄油能通过调节大鼠的LDL-C、apoA1、apoB、MDA含量和AI降低大鼠的血脂水平。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.