基于肝细胞特异性MRI对比剂的肝硬化背景良恶性的鉴别诊断价值

目的:探讨基于肝细胞特异性磁共振成像(MRI)对比剂的肝硬化背景良恶性鉴别诊断价值。方法:96例肝硬化患者经影像学检查发现的肝脏结节均行肝细胞特异性对比剂钆塞酸二钠(Gd-EOB-DTPA)增强扫描,根据手术或穿刺病理结果分为RN组、DN组和HCC组。比较3组结节Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI扫描参数;以病理诊断结果为“金标准”,评价基于Gd-EOB-DTPA对比剂的MRI扫描诊断肝硬化背景下HCC的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值。结果:96例肝硬化患者经影像学检查共发现110个病灶,病理诊断RN 21个、DN 40个和HCC 49个。HCC组、DN组、RN组ADC值依次升高,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HCC组T1值、T1值增加率高于DN组和RN组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);以病理诊断为“金标准”,Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI诊断HCC敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、Kappa值分别为90.48%、94.38%、93.64%、79.17%、97.67%、0.80。结论:基于肝细胞特异性对比剂Gd-EOB-DTPA...     

钆塞酸二钠对肝脏局灶性结节增生的诊断价值

目的探讨使用钆塞酸二钠(GdEOB-DTPA)增强MRI在肝脏局灶性结节增生(focal nodular hyperplasia,FNH)的诊断价值。方法进行回顾性分析14例经病理证实的FNH的MRI检查资料,所有病例均行MRI平扫及Gd-EOB-DTPA增强扫描。结果位于肝左叶6例,肝右叶4例,尾状叶2例,跨叶生长2例。MRI特征:T1WI 8例呈等信号,6例呈稍低信号;抑脂T2WI 5例呈等信号,9例呈稍高信号;7例病灶见中央瘢痕,呈T1WI低信号,T2WI高信号。动态增强:动脉期14例病灶均明显强化,其中4例病灶周缘见迂曲扩张动脉;门脉期持续强化,12例呈稍高信号,2例呈等信号;平衡期6例呈等信号,8例呈稍高信号;肝细胞特异期,7例病灶以等信号为主,7例呈不均匀稍高及等、低混杂信号。7例中央瘢痕动脉期无强化,门脉期及平衡期持续延迟强化,肝细胞特异期呈低信号。结论使用Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI诊断FNH具有很高的敏感性及特异性,尤其肝细胞特异期FNH对Gd-EOB-DTPA特异性摄取而呈等、高信号,Gd-EOB-DTPA增强能全面、准确地显示FNH的血供特点及病理特征,大大提高与肝内其他病变的鉴别诊断能力。     

钆塞酸二钠增强MRI在慢性肝病合并肝脏结节患者恶性转化风险判断中的应用价值探析

目的探讨钆塞酸二钠增强MRI在慢性肝病合并肝脏结节患者恶性转化风险判断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2018年2月至2020年6月平顶山市第一人民医院收治的94例慢性肝病合并肝脏结节患者的临床资料,所有患者经病理检查证实,并均接受钆塞酸二钠增强MRI扫描。根据病理检查结果将患者分为慢性肝病合并肝脏良性结节组及恶性结节组。比较钆塞酸二钠增强MRI扫描不同时间节点肝脏的对比增强率(CER),探析不同时间节点CER在慢性肝病合并肝脏结节患者恶性转化风险判断中的应用价值。结果病理检查结果显示,94例慢性肝病合并肝脏结节患者中,50例为良性结节,其中19例脂肪瘤,31例血管瘤;44例为恶性结节,其中34例肝细胞癌,10例胆管细胞癌。慢性肝病合并肝脏恶性结节组在钆塞酸二钠增强MRI扫描延迟5 min、10 min、20 min的CER均低于良性结节组(P0.05)。由受试者工作曲线(ROC)可知,钆塞酸二钠增强MRI扫描延迟5 min、10 min、20 min CER预测肝脏结节恶性风险的AUC分别为0.785、0.816、0.851。结论慢性肝病合并肝脏恶性结节患者的CER较低,使用钆塞酸二钠增强MRI可预测慢性肝病合并肝脏结节患者恶性风险,为临床提供参考。     

钆塞酸二钠增强MRI影像组学在鉴别肝胆期等高信号肝细胞癌与局灶性结节增生中的应用价值

目的探讨钆塞酸二钠增强MRI影像组学模型在鉴别肝胆期等高信号肝细胞癌(HCC)与肝局灶性结节增生(FNH)中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2023年2月于苏州大学附属第一医院和南通市第三人民医院行钆塞酸二钠增强MRI检查(所有病灶均表现为肝胆期等或高信号)并经手术或穿刺病理证实的HCC或FNH的88例患者资料, 男58例, 女30例, 年龄[M(Q1, Q3)]56(40, 67)岁, 其中HCC 61例, FNH 27例。利用随机种子法将纳入病例以7∶3的比例分为训练集(43例HCC, 19例FNH)和测试集(18例HCC, 8例FNH)。从钆塞酸二钠增强MRI动脉期、门静脉期及肝胆期图像中分别提取了1 781个影像组学特征, 使用自编码器(Auto-Encoder, AE)及朴素贝叶斯(Native Bayes, NB)分类器分别建立三期独立、三期联合及临床-影像组学联合模型。通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估模型的鉴别效能, 使用Delong检验比较各个模型间的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)。结果在测试集中, 临床-影像组学联合模型的AUC最高(AUC=0.938, 9...     

钆塞酸二钠MR增强成像与CT增强成像诊断肝脏局灶性病变的对照研究

目的 对比钆塞酸二钠MR增强成像与CT增强成像在诊断肝脏局限性病变中的诊断价值。方法 纳入我院2015至2021年术前进行钆塞酸二钠MR增强成像和CT增强成像且具有术后病理诊断结果 的患者66例。以术后病理结果 为标准,对比钆塞酸二钠M R增强成像与CT增强成像对肝脏局灶性病变的诊断价值及准确性。结果 66例患者中,有29例肝细胞肝癌、15例胆管细胞癌、12肝脏血管瘤、3例肝腺瘤、4例肝脏局灶性增生、3例肝脓肿。CT增强成像诊断的准确性分别为83%、80%、75%、67%、50%、67%,钆塞酸二钠MR增强成像诊断诊断的准确性分别为97%、100%、92%、67%、100%、100%。钆塞酸二钠MR增强成像的对肝脏局灶性病变诊断的准确率高于CT增强成像,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.005)。结论 钆塞酸二钠MR增强成像对肝脏局灶性病变具有更高的诊断价值,优于CT增强成像。     

钆塞酸二钠增强MRI预测乙型肝炎肝硬化合并肝细胞癌切除术后肝功能不全的研究

目的:探讨在钆塞酸二钠(Gd-EOB-DTPA)增强MRI获取的肝脏各段摄取比率(HUR)、摄取指数(HUI)在预测乙型肝炎肝硬化合并肝细胞癌(HCC)患者术后肝功能不全的价值。方法:回顾性分析40例行外科切除的乙型肝炎肝硬化合并HCC患者的临床和影像学资料,所有患者均在术前行钆塞酸二钠增强MRI扫描,在注射对比剂后第...     

大鼠肝硬化结节多步癌变模型MR扩散成像实验研究

目的 探讨磁共振扩散成像(diffusion-weighted MR imaging,DWI)对大鼠肝硬化结节多步癌变模型肝内再生结节(regenerative nodule,RN)、不典型增生结节(dysplastic nodules,DN)及肝细胞癌(hepatocellularcarcinoma,HCC)的诊断价值.方法 70只SD大鼠,利用二乙基亚硝胺(diethyjnitr-osamine,DEN)灌胃法建立大鼠肝硬化结节多步癌变模型.MR平扫检出肝内结节,全肝DWI成像,获得肝硬化肝脏及肝内结节性病变的表面扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC).扫描结束后,处死动物,将肝脏大体切片上与磁共振扫描一一对应良好的结节进行病理学分析.对RN、DN、高分化HCC,中分化HCC及低分化HCC的ADC值进行均数闻多重比较.结果 DWI显示并由病理证实的结节共56个,包括8个RN,16个DN,7个高分化HCC,11个中分化HCC和14个低分化HCC.肝硬化肝脏、RN及DN之间的ADC值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).尽管高分化HCC的ADG值较DN稍小,但是二者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).中分化HCC和低分化HCC的ADC值明显大干其他结节性病变(P<0.05),但中分化HCC和低分化HCC之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 MR扩散成像可对肝内结节性病变的诊断提供辅助信息,ADC值有助于鉴别肝硬化肝脏内良、恶性结节.然而,由于高分化HCC和DN的ADC值存在较多重叠,仅仅依靠ADC值尚难以将二者准确区分.     

钆贝葡胺(Gd-BOPTA)增强MRI对肝脏局灶性结节增生(FNH)的诊断价值

目的 分析肝脏局灶性结节增生(focal nodular hyperplasia,FNH)在钆贝葡胺(gadobenate dimeglumine,Gd-BOPTA)增强MRI检查中的影像表现,评价Gd-BOPTA增强MRI对FNH的诊断价值.方法 采用GE Signal 1.5T磁共振扫描仪对15例FNH病例行Gd-BOPTA增强MRI检查.平扫行SE序列T1W1、FSE序列T2W1及FMPSPGR T1W1扫描.Gd-BOPTA静脉团注后先进行3个回合的FMPSPGR,序列动态增强T1W1扫描,并在团注后60min行肝细胞特异期FMPSPGR序列T1W1扫描1次.观察平扫、动态增强期及肝细胞特异期病灶的信号特征并分析FNH的影像特点.结果 15例FNH均为单发,大小为0.6cm～45cm.SE T1W1上10个为低信号,4个呈等信号,1个为略高信号;FSE T2W1上14个呈略高信号,1个呈等信号.动态增强动脉期13个病灶明显强化,1个轻度强化,门脉期和延迟期病灶均为等或略高信号,其中1个病灶在延迟期出现环形强化的假包膜.1个病灶动脉期无明显强化,门脉期呈略低信号,延迟期呈等信号.肝细胞特异期,6个病灶为略高信号,6个病灶呈等信号,3个为稍低信号.共8个病灶显示中心瘢痕,其中以肝细胞特异期显示率最高.结论 Gd-BOPTA增强MRI检查能反映病灶的血供特点,增强后60分钟肝细胞特异期的扫描更能为诊断提供重要的补充信息,进一步增强诊断的信心.     

钆塞酸二钠多期动态增强MRI对慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化的诊断价值研究

目的 探讨钆塞酸二钠多期动态增强MRI对慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化分期的定量评估价值.方法 纳入行3.0 T MR检查并证实为肝纤维化的慢性乙型肝炎患者共86例,其中S1期25例、S2期18例、S3期23例、S4期20例.所有患者均行MRI平扫及钆塞酸二钠增强扫描,测量平扫、动脉期、门脉期、移行期及20 min肝胆期肝实质的...     

肝脏局灶性结节增生11例MRI表现分析

目的分析肝脏局灶性结节增生的MRI征象特点,进一步提高对该病的认识。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的11例肝脏局灶性结节增生患者的MRI图像,包括肿块的位置、大小、各序列信号强度及肿瘤血管等。结果 11例患者均无明显肝硬化背景,11个病灶有7个可见中央星形瘢痕区;增强后病灶动脉期明显强化,门脉期及延迟期除中央瘢痕外均呈均匀性等或稍高信号,6个病灶中央星形瘢痕区延迟强化;3例行钆塞酸二钠(EOBGd-DTPA)检查的患者,病灶在肝细胞期均呈高或稍高信号。结论肝脏局灶性结节增生具有一定的MRI特点,无肝硬化背景的肝实质内出现边界清楚的肿块,有中央星形瘢痕区;增强后呈快进缓出式强化,中央瘢痕区延迟强化;行EOB-Gd-DTPA增强检查,肝细胞期呈高或稍高信号,则可以做出明确诊断。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.