进展期胃癌的淋巴结转移特点及其临床意义

目的探讨进展期胃癌的淋巴结转移特点及临床意义。方法对2002年4月至2003年7月期间进行胃癌根治淋巴结清扫手术的91例患者的手术切除标本进行解剖，收集切除的淋巴结，逐枚进行病理组织学和免疫组织化学检查，判断淋巴结是否转移并计算淋巴结转移率。分析淋巴结转移率与肿瘤大小、TNM分期、Borrmann分型、肿瘤部位和淋巴结清扫范围等方面的关系。结果91例胃癌患者中淋巴结转移阳性63例（69．2％）。共收获3149枚淋巴结，平均每例34．6枚。肿瘤直径小于3cm者淋巴结转移率较3cm以上者低（P〈0．05）。TNM分期中Ⅲa和Ⅳ期患者淋巴结转移率均为100％，其转移度在30．3％～58．4％之间，较Ⅰ、Ⅱ期者高（P〈0．001）；Borrmann分型中Ⅲ型病例的淋巴结转移率（79．6％）较其他型患者高，而Ⅳ型患者淋巴结转移度（35．3％）最高（P〈0．05）。施行D3淋巴结清扫手术患者的淋巴结转移率和转移度（88．2％、38．0％）均高于D1、D2术患者（P〈0．05）。17例（18．7％）患者常规病理检查发现有183枚淋巴结微转移，肿瘤各部位与淋巴结微转移的关系差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。近端胃癌淋巴结转移主要在第1、2、3、5、7、8、9、12、13和16组，以8组转移度为最高（68．1％）；中部胃癌淋巴结转移主要在第1、3、7、12、13和16组，其中最高转移度为第3组（47．6％）；远侧胃癌淋巴结转移主要见于1、2．3、5、6、12、13和16组，其中第16组转移度为最高（83．3％）。结论淋巴结转移率和转移度与胃癌的恶性程度密切相关，因此D3淋巴结清扫手术对某些进展期胃癌患者值得考虑使用。     

贲门癌手术中淋巴结廓清范围的探讨

目的探讨贲门癌淋巴结转移规律及其手术中合理的清扫范围。方法回顾性分析1999年1月至2004年12月间77例贲门癌患者的临床病理学资料。比较淋巴结的不同清扫范围对患者预后的影响。结果（1）本组77例贲门癌患者临床分期以Ⅲ、Ⅳ期为主，共计57例（74．0％），可进行检索的淋巴结转移率：N1 64．9％，N2 14．3％，N3 10．4％；（2）T1及肿瘤最大径小于2．0cm时未检测到淋巴结转移，T2N（＋）1／5，T3N（＋）68．2％，T4N（＋）80．8％；（3）N1主要集中在No．1、3、2组，N2主要集中在No.7、8、10、9组，N3分别为No．5组6．5％、No．6组1．3％、No．16组1．3％、No．107～110组2．6％；（4）不同淋巴结清扫范围者的5年生存率：D1为22．7％，92为31．3％，D2为36．5％，D2、D3与D1术后生存率比较，P〈0．05，差异有统计学意义。结论对进展期贲门癌患者行D2以上淋巴结廓清术。可满足根治性要求，有延长生存时间的作用。     

进展期胃癌腹主动脉旁淋巴结微小转移与患者预后的关系

目的研究进展期胃癌腹主动脉旁淋巴结的微小转移对于评价预防性淋巴结清除的意义。方法采用细胞角蛋白抗体,对47例进展期胃癌患者根治性手术清除的2339枚淋巴结(其中包括390枚腹主动旁淋巴结),进行免疫组织化学染色研究。结果常规HE染色发现390枚腹主动脉旁淋巴结中,95枚从14例患者中清除的淋巴结为转移阳性。剩余的295枚淋巴结中,有45枚从另15例患者中清除的淋巴结经免疫组化染色发现有微小转移。术后5年生存率在腹主动脉旁淋巴结转移阴性组为56．0％,微小转移组为25．2％,常规染色淋巴结转移组为9．0％。结论进展期胃癌存在较高的腹主动脉旁淋巴结微小转移率,预防性淋巴结清除对此类患者有效。     

淋巴结转移率对T2～T3期胃癌患者预后评估的价值

目的探讨淋巴结转移率在T2～T3期胃癌患者预后评估中的临床应用价值。方法回顾238例接受胃癌D2根治术治疗且清扫的淋巴结总数大于或等于15枚的T2-T3期胃癌患者的临床资料，分析研究淋巴结转移率及淋巴结转移阳性枚数是否与检出的淋巴结总数具有相关性和淋巴结转移率等病理因素对胃癌预后的影响，判定淋巴结转移率预测T2～T3期胃癌患者术后5年死亡与否的准确性，并与淋巴结转移阳性个数的预测结果比较。结果淋巴结转移率与检出的淋巴结总数无相关性，而淋巴结转移阳性枚数与检出的淋巴结总数则具有相关性。单因素Kaplan-Meier法生存分析提示，淋巴结转移率与患者预后密切相关；多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析提示，淋巴结转移率是T2～T3期胃癌患者预后主要的独立危险因素；淋巴结转移率预测T2—T3期胃癌患者术后5年死亡与否的ROC曲线下面积与淋巴结转移阳性枚数的差异无统计学意义。结论清扫的淋巴结总数大于或等于15枚时。T2～T3期胃癌患者淋巴结转移率高低与清扫的淋巴结总数不相关；淋巴结转移率是T2～T3期胃癌患者预后主要独立性危险因素；淋巴结转移率预测T2～T3期胃癌患者术后5年死亡与否的准确性与淋巴结转移阳性枚数的预测能力相同。     

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目的：探讨胃癌No16淋巴结清扫术式的可行性和意义，提出合适的No 16淋巴结清扫术指征。方法：对1998年9月至2001年9月所行的48例No16淋巴结清扫术病例资料进行分析。结果：在48例No16淋巴结清扫术中发现有第16淋巴结转移者9例，转移率为18．6％，浸润型胃癌、肿瘤直径大于5cm、肿瘤侵及浆膜以及第2、3站淋巴结受累时，No16淋巴结转移率明显增高（P＜0．05）。全组病例无手术死亡，手术并发症也未见明显增高。结论：只要严格掌握手术适应证，No16淋巴结清扫术是安全、可行、有效的。     

进展期远端胃癌D2根治术No．12组淋巴结清扫的技巧和意义北大核心CSCD

目的探讨进展期远端胃癌根治术中No．12组淋巴结清扫的技巧和意义。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2011年1月间102例进展期远端胃癌患者行胃癌根治术中清扫No．12组淋巴结的临床资料。结果本组102例进展期远端胃癌患者No．12组淋巴结清扫个数为443枚,人均4．3枚;102例进展期远端胃癌患者No．12组淋巴结发生转移22例,转移率为21．6％。发生胰瘘4例、淋巴管瘘6例,无吻合口漏、胆漏、术后黄疸、出血等术后近期并发症发生。结论对进展期远端胃癌患者No．12组淋巴结进行规范区域淋巴清扫是安全可行的。     

进展期胃癌的淋巴结转移规律初探

目的分析进展期胃癌的淋巴结转移规律,为其淋巴结切除范围提供参考依据。方法选择2013年5月一2013年8月行根治性切除手术的进展期胃癌36例,记录每例患者的淋巴结数目,计算淋巴结总数和平均值,计算总体淋巴结转移率以及分组淋巴结转移率。结果36例手术标本共检出淋巴结1401枚（16～107枚／例）,平均（38．92±21．56）枚／例。36例中,淋巴结转移26例,总体淋巴结转移率为72％;其中,Nos．8p和Nos．12p淋巴结转移率分别为14％和11％。远端胃D2切除组淋巴结转移率为67％,Nos．1淋巴结无转移（0）,Nos．3～9和Nos．11～12淋巴结转移率为8％～42％;全胃D2切除组淋巴结转移率为83％,Nos．1～11淋巴结转移率为17％～58％,Nos．12淋巴结转移率为8％（1／12）。结论进展期胃癌的淋巴结转移有明显规律,有助于指导淋巴结切除范围。     

胃癌单个淋巴结转移规律及临床意义

目的分析胃癌淋巴结转移的规律以指导临床规范化治疗。方法对天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院1999年7月至2004年6月间经手术治疗、清扫淋巴结数大于或等于10枚、术后病理证实仅有1枚淋巴结转移的胃癌患者临床资料进行回顾性分析．并对淋巴结跳跃与非跳跃转移、横向与非横向转移患者的资料进行对比。结果全组65例患者共检出淋巴结1415枚．平均21．8枚／例;单个淋巴结转移率的分布从多到少依次为N0．3（30．8％）、No．4（21．5％）、No．6（15．4％）、No．7和No．8（均为6．2％）、No．1和No．2及N0．5（均为4．6％）、No．12（3．1％）和No．14及No．16（均为1．5％）;其中跳跃转移20．0％（13／65）,横向转移42．2％（19／45）。单因素分析显示．淋巴结跳跃性转移仅与肿瘤大小有关（X2=4．447,P=0．035）：淋巴结横向转移与各临床病理因素均无关。但淋巴结跳跃与非跳跃转移、横向与非横向转移间患者的生存曲线差异有统计学意义（P=0．000．P=0．000）。结论胃癌淋巴结转移规律总体遵循由远及近的转移顺序．但跳跃转移和横向转移方式也占有一定比例．对于胃癌淋巴结跳跃转移和横向转移的高危患者．术中应加强相应区域淋巴结清扫以提高患者生存率。     

淋巴结转移对无浆膜浸润胃癌患者预后的影响

目的 探讨淋巴结转移对无浆膜浸润胃癌预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析1994年1月至2005年12月间大连医科大学附属第一医院普通外科行D2或D2以上胃癌根治术、且具有完整随访资料的616例无浆膜浸润胃癌患者的临床资料;并选取同期接受相同术式的有浆膜浸润的162例胃癌患者为对照组.结果 无浆膜浸润胃癌患者的5年生存率为77.9％,明显高于浆膜浸润组的37.3％（P＜0.01）.不同浸润深度患者5年生存率分别为T１a（M）95.6％,T1b（SM） 92.5％,T2（MP）73.5％,T3（SS） 62.7％,T4（SE、SI） 37.3％.按日本第13版《胃癌处理规约》,N0、N1（第1站）、N2（第2站）和N3（第3站）无浆膜浸润胃癌患者的5年生存率分别为91.5％、75.3％、54.8％和14.7％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;按第7版TNM分期,N0、N1（1～2枚）、N2（3～6枚）、N3a（7～15枚）和N3b（15枚以上）无浆膜浸润胃癌患者的5年生存率分别为91.5％、83.6％、59.8％、17.2％和11.8％,差异亦有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.淋巴结转移是无浆膜浸润胃癌患者预后的独立预后因素（P＜0.0l）.结论 无论是按转移淋巴结的范围还是数量进行评价,淋巴结转移均能对无浆膜浸润胃癌患者的预后作出较好的预测.     

T_3或T_4胃癌病人的全胃切除术中D_3或D_4淋巴结清扫的前瞻性预试验

日本外科医生在胃癌的手术中积极采用D。淋巴结清扫（清除胃周、胃左动脉、肝总动脉、腹腔动脉干和牌动脉周围淋巴结）和Da淋巴结清扫（加上清除肝十二指肠韧带、胰后间隙和治模结系膜血管周围的淋巴结）,近年更开展D。淋巴结清扫,范围扩大至自主动脉裂孔至主动脉分叉处的主动脉旁淋巴结。作者分析日本Totion大学医学院外科于1990～1997年70例T3或兀胃癌病冽,施行D3和风淋巴结清扫术各35例,初步进行前瞻性预试验研究。病人的年龄均不足75岁,无胃外癌肿,肉眼转移至16组淋巴结或远处器官不包括在内。胃癌均属飞期（侵犯浆膜）或T。期…     

联合脾切除治疗胃上部癌No．10淋巴结转移的疗效

目的探讨D2根治术联合脾切除对进展期胃上部癌No．10淋巴结转移患者预后的影响。方法1980年1月至2002年12月,对216例进展期胃上部癌N0．10淋巴结转移患者施行D2根治术,其中联合脾切除术者（切脾组）73例,未联合脾切除术者（保脾组）143例。比较两组患者术后5年生存率、No．10淋巴结清扫数目及转移数目及术后并发症发生率和病死率。结果216例进展期胃上部癌No．10淋巴结转移患者中,切脾组和保脾组术后5年生存率分别为30．0％和19．7％,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。切脾组No．10淋巴结清扫数目及转移数目均明显高于保脾组（P〈0．05）。是否联合脾切除、肿瘤浸润深度和胃切除方式为影响预后的独立因素。T3期患者切脾组与保脾组5年生存率分别为38．7％和18．9％,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;全胃切除患者切脾组与保脾组5年生存率分别为33．4％和20．7％,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。切脾组和保脾组术后并发症发生率分别为24．7％和17．5％,病死率则分别为4．1％和3．5％,两组差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论联合脾切除有利于进展期胃上部癌No．10淋巴结清扫。对于T3期胃上部癌No．10淋巴结转移患者,施行全胃联合脾切除能够提高疗效,不会增加患者术后并发症发生率和病死率。     

Distant lymph node metastasis of early gastric cancer

Among 601 patients with early gastric cancer (EGC), the clinicopathological findings of 5 patients (invasion of the mucosal layer in 2 and of the submucosal layer in 3) with distant lymph node metastasis according to TNM classification (third-or fourth-tier lymph node metastasis according to the Japanese classification) were investigated. The proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression of EGC was also examined immunohistologically. The sites of distant metastasis were the nodes at the root of the mesentery, in the hepatoduodenal ligament, and the paraaortic nodes, while the PCNA-positive rate of EGC with distant lymph node metastasis (35.4%) was significantly higher than that of EGC without lymph node metastasis (14.7%,P=0.01), it was similar to that of EGC with perigastric lymph node metastasis. The cumulative survival rate of the EGC patients with distant lymph node metastasis (5-year survival rate 20.0%) was significantly lower than that without lymph node metastasis (88.2%,P<0.0001), first-tier lymph node metastasis (76.9%,P<0.04), or second-tier lymph node metastasis (77.1%,P<0.04). Thus, although the prognosis of EGC patients with distant lymph node metastasis was poor, a dissection of the distant lymph nodes should be performed when metastasis is suspected.     

Pattern of lymph node involvement and prognosis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: direct lymph node invasion has similar survival to node-negative disease

Lymph node status is one of the most important predictors of survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Surgically resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma is often locally invasive and may invade directly into peripancreatic lymph nodes. The significance of direct invasion into lymph nodes in the absence of true lymphatic metastases is unclear. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare clinical outcome in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with direct invasion into peripancreatic lymph nodes with patients with node-negative adenocarcinomas and patients with true lymphatic lymph node metastasis. A total of 380 patients with invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma classified as pT3, were evaluated: ductal adenocarcinoma with true lymphatic metastasis to regional lymph nodes (248 cases), ductal adenocarcinoma without lymph node involvement (97 cases), and ductal adenocarcinoma with regional lymph nodes involved only by direct invasion from the main tumor mass (35 cases). Isolated lymph node involvement by direct invasion occurred in 35 of 380 (9%) patients. Overall survival for patients with direct invasion of lymph nodes (median survival, 21 mo; 5-year overall survival, 36%) was not statistically different from patients with node-negative adenocarcinomas (median survival, 30 mo; 5-year overall survival, 31%) (P=0.609). Patients with node-negative adenocarcinomas had an improved survival compared with patients with lymph node involvement by true lymphatic metastasis (median survival, 15 mo; 5-year overall survival, 8%) (P<0.001) regardless of the number of lymph nodes involved by adenocarcinoma. There was a trend toward decreased overall survival for patients with 1 or 2 lymph nodes involved by true lymphatic metastasis compared with patients with direct invasion of tumor into lymph nodes (P=0.056). However, this did not reach statistical significance. Our results indicate that patients with isolated direct lymph node invasion have a comparable overall survival with patients with node-negative adenocarcinomas as opposed to true lymphatic lymph node metastasis.     

胃癌淋巴转移规律与淋巴结清扫范围的分析(附326例报告)

目的 探讨胃癌淋巴结转称规律和胃癌根治术的淋巴清扫范围。方法 １９９０年～１９９９年行Ｄ２、Ｄ３、Ｄ３淋巴结廓清术加腹主动脉旁淋巴结廓汪术（Ｄ３加ＰＡＬ）的胃癌患者３２６例,对期临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 本组总的淋巴结转移率６９．９％,早期与进展期胃癌淋巴结转移率分别为１５．４％和７７．４％。肿瘤浸润深度达Ｔ１的患者,淋巴结转移主要局限于Ｎ１;达Ｔ２的患者淋巴结转移至Ｎ３、Ｔ４的ＫＫＨＮＦＴＪ     

联合脾切除治疗进展期胃上部癌的预后分析

目的 探讨联合脾切除对进展期胃上部癌患者预后的影响.方法 1980年1月至2003年6月对237例进展期胃上部癌患者施行了胃癌D2根治术联合脾切除,其中N0.10淋巴结转移患者75例,No.10淋巴结无转移患者162例.对影响患者的预后因素进行单因素及多因素分析;对影响患者预后的独立因素进行分层分析.结果 237例患者中No.10淋巴结转移和无转移患者术后5年生存率分别为27.7%和35.4%,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).单因素分析显示,淋巴结转移、浸润深度、大体分型、胃切除方式和No.10淋巴结转移是影响患者预后的相关因素;其中浸润深度、胃切除方式和No.10淋巴结转移是影响患者预后的独立因素.分层分析显示,T3期No.10淋巴结转移和无转移患者术后5年生存率分别为34.5%和39.7%,二者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);全胃切除No.10淋巴结转移和无转移患者术后5年生存率分别为31.2%和36.7%,二者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 对于T3期胃上部癌No.10淋巴结转移的患者,施行全胃联合脾切除能够提高患者远期疗效.     

Survival benefits of and indications for extended surgery for advanced gastric cancer]

The surgical management of locally advanced gastric cancer remains controversial. It is also unclear whether the postoperative survival rate could be improved by extended lymph node dissection. The aim of this paper is to determine the survival benefit of and the indications for extended surgery. Lymph node metastasis in the paraaortic area frequently occurs in locally advanced cardiac cancer. In our previous studies, the paraaortic lymph nodes above and below the left renal vein were confirmed to be the terminal destination of lymphatic flow in the upper abdominal cavity. Paraaortic lymph node dissection is essential for curarive resection in some cases of advanced gastric cancer. The 5-year survival rate in patients who undergo paraaortic lymph node dissection is nearly 15% according to the literature. Patients with metastasis of the paraaortic lymph nodes on only one side and with fewer than four involved nodes clearly benefit from paraaortic lymph node dissection. It is indicated in cases with metastasis or suspected metastasis of the left or right cardiac lymph node or N2 lymph node station. There is little survival benefit from combined resection of involved organs (T4 disease) and it should only be performed in a select group of patients. Extended surgery for locally advanced gastric cancer, however, is feasible and has acceptable operative morbidity and mortality rates.     

Immunohistochemically demonstrated lymph node micrometastasis and prognosis in patients with gallbladder carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether immunohistochemically demonstrated lymph node micrometastasis has a survival impact in patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma (pT2-4 tumors). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The clinical significance of immunohistochemically detected lymph node micrometastasis recently has been evaluated in various tumors. However, few reports have addressed this issue with regard to gallbladder carcinoma. METHODS: A total of 1476 lymph nodes from 67 patients with gallbladder carcinoma (pN0, n = 40; pN1, n = 27) who underwent curative resection were immunostained with monoclonal antibody against cytokeratins 8 and 18. The results were correlated with clinical and pathologic features and with patient survival. RESULTS: Lymph node micrometastases were detected immunohistochemically in 23 (34.3%) of the 67 patients and in 37 (2.5%) of the 1476 nodes examined. Of the 37 nodal micrometastases, 21 (56.8%) were single-cell events, and the remaining 16 were clusters. Five micrometastases were detected in the paraaortic nodes. Clinicopathologic features showed no significant associations with the presence of lymph node micrometastases. Survival was worse in the 27 patients with pN1 disease than in the 40 with pN0 disease (5-year survival; 22.2% vs. 52.6%, P = 0.0038). Similarly, survival was worse in the 23 patients with micrometastasis than in the 44 without micrometastasis (5-year survival; 17.4% vs. 52.7%, P = 0.0027). Twenty-eight patients without any lymph node involvement had the best prognosis, whereas survival for the 11 patients with both types of metastasis was dismal. The grade of micrometastasis (single-cell or cluster) had no effect on survival. The Cox proportional hazard model identified perineural invasion, lymph node micrometastasis, and microscopic venous invasion as significant independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Lymph node micrometastasis has a significant survival impact in patients with pN0 or pN1 gallbladder carcinoma who underwent macroscopically curative resection. Extensive lymph node sectioning with keratin immunostaining is recommended for accurate prognostic evaluation for patients with gallbladder carcinoma.     

Lymph node metastasis from hilar cholangiocarcinoma: audit of 110 patients who underwent regional and paraaortic node dissection

OBJECTIVE: To assess the status of the regional and paraaortic lymph nodes in hilar cholangiocarcinoma and to clarify the efficacy of systematic extended lymphadenectomy. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: There have been no studies in which regional and paraaortic lymphadenectomies for hilar cholangiocarcinoma have been routinely performed. Therefore, the metastasis rates to the regional and paraaortic nodes, the mode of lymphatic spread, and the effect of extended lymph node dissection on survival remain unknown. METHODS: This study involved 110 patients who underwent surgical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma with lymph node dissection including both the regional and paraaortic nodes. A total of 2,652 nodes retrieved from the surgical specimens were examined microscopically. RESULTS: Of the 110 patients, 52 (47.3%) had no involved nodes, 39 (35.5%) had regional lymph node metastases, and 19 (17.3%) had regional and paraaortic node metastases. The incidence of positive nodes was significantly higher in the patients with pT3 disease than in those with pT2 disease. The pericholedochal nodes were most commonly involved (42.7%), followed by the periportal nodes (30.9%), the common hepatic nodes (27.3%), and the posterior pancreaticoduodenal nodes (14.5%). The celiac and superior mesenteric nodes were rarely involved. The 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 55.4% and 30.5% for the 52 patients without involved nodes, 31.8% and 14.7% for the 39 patients with regional node metastases, and 12.3% and 12.3% for the 19 patients with paraaortic node metastases, respectively. Of the 19 patients with positive paraaortic nodes, 7 had no macroscopic evidence of paraaortic disease on intraoperative inspection. The survival in this group was significantly better than in the remaining 12 patients. CONCLUSION: The paraaortic nodes and the regional nodes are frequently involved in advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Whether extended lymph node dissection provides a survival benefit requires further study. However, the fact that long-term survival is possible despite pN2 or pM1 disease encourages the authors to perform an aggressive surgical procedure with extended lymph node dissection in selected patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma.     

Rationale of paraaortic lymph nodes dissection for advanced gallbladder cancer

Paraaortic lymph nodes dissection was performed routinely in 28 patients with advanced gallbladder cancer who underwent curative or relative non-curative resection. In 10 patients out of 28 (36%), metastasis was found in the dissected paraaortic nodes. The incidence of paraaortic lymph nodes metastasis was 50% when the gallbladder serosa or adjacent organs were involved by cancer. If routine paraaortic lymph nodes dissection had not been carried out, the operation would be regarded as curative in 4 patients out of 10 with paraaortic lymph nodes metastasis. The incidence of paraaortic lymph nodes metastasis was twice higher than that of the mesenteric root and the metastatic route was possibly derived directly from the retroportal and/or retropancreactic nodes. Therefore, we emphasize that the paraaortic nodes should be regarded as the nodes between the 2nd group such as the retroportal or retropancreatic nodes and the 3rd group including the nodes of mesenteric root. In spite of positive paraaortic nodes, mean survival time of the patients without other non-curative factors was 26 months and the longest survival was 42 months. It seems that paraaortic nodes dissection has palliative effects to prolong the survival period of those patients. Paraaortic lymph nodes dissection should be employed in radical operative procedures for advanced gallbladder cancer.     

SiewertⅡ型食管胃结合部腺癌No.5、No.6淋巴结转移特点及清扫意义

目的分析SiewertⅡ型食管胃结合部腺癌(adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction,AEG)No.5、No.6组淋巴结转移的特点、相关危险因素及预后影响。方法收集2013年1月至2016年3月在皖南医学院弋矶山医院完成全胃切除+D 2淋巴结清扫的SiewertⅡ型AEG病例(均达到胃癌D 2根治标准),统计病人基本资料(性别、年龄)及标本的病理特征(肿瘤最大直径、位置、侵犯深度、分化程度、神经及脉管侵犯情况等),计算No.5、No.6组淋巴结转移率,采用IBM SPSS统计学软件,分析影响No.5、No.6组淋巴结转移的相关危险因素。采用Kaplan-M法进行生存分析,生存率比较采用Log-rank检验。结果SiewertⅡ型AEG病人142例,No.5组淋巴结阳性率为10.81%(8/74),No.6组淋巴结阳性率为8.33%(11/132)。病人No.5、No.6组淋巴结转移与未转移者在性别、年龄、肿瘤最大直径、肿瘤位置(贲门左/贲门右)方面差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),而病人No.5、No.6组淋巴结转移与未转移者在肿瘤的侵犯深度、分化程度、神经及脉管侵犯方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。No.5淋巴结阳性组3年生存率为25.0%,No.5淋巴结阴性组3年生存率为57.8%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。No.6淋巴结阳性组3年生存率为18.2%,No.6淋巴结阴性组3年生存率为53.8%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于SiewertⅡ型AEG,当肿瘤侵犯胃壁全层、低分化、脉管神经侵犯时,No.5、No.6组淋巴结转移率较高,3年生存率低,可能全胃切除+D 2淋巴结清扫手术方式更适宜。