SERUM LIPIDS IN TREATED DIABETIC CHILDREN AND THEIR FAMILIES

Fasting lipid concentrations have been measured in fifty treated juvenile diabetics, their siblings and parents to determine which types of hyperlipoproteinaemia co-exist with juvenile diabetes and whether the abnormalities relate to diabetic control, or represent familial disorders. Lipid concentrations amongst the parents did not differ from adult control. Triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in those diabetic children with fasting blood glucose concentrations greater than 10 mmol/l than those with concentrations less than 10 mmol/l. The latter group had similar triglyceride levels to non-diabetic siblings. Cholesterol concentrations were not related to fasting blood glucose and were similar in diabetic and sibling controls. Hyperlipoproteinaemia (types IIa, IIb and IV) was present in ten of the diabetic patients. Six of the nine diabetic patients with raised cholesterol had at least one parent with cholesterol in the highest quintile for the control population, whereas only six of the forty-one with lower levels had parents in this category. A similar trend for cholesterol was apparent amongst the non-diabetic siblings. However, no association was apparent between the triglyceride levels of diabetics (or their siblings) and parents. Thus although hyperlipidaemia associated with juvenile diabetes appears to be largely due to inadequate control, raised cholesterol concentrations frequently occur.     

SUBUNIT HETEROGENEITY IN HUMAN SERUM BETA LIPOPROTEIN

The apoprotein of human serum beta lipoprotein has been prepared in a lipid-free and soluble form by a technique of interfacial extraction in the presence of guanidinium hydrochloride and nonionic amphiphile. Gel permeation chromatography of maleylated apobeta lipoprotein separates two protein fractions with different amino acid compositions. The smaller particle has a molecular weight of 2.6 x 10(4).     

围绝经期、绝经期妇女应用结合雌激素治疗的疗效观察与血脂分析

目的：探讨结合雌激素对围绝经期、绝经期妇女围绝经期症状的疗效及对血脂的影响。方法：对62例围绝经期、绝经期妇女分为老年前期及老年期两组,采用结合雌激素（CE）治疗4周期,围绝经期症状以Kupperman评价进行评估。用药前后分别测定促卵泡激素（FSH）、雌二醇（E2）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL－C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL－C）。结果两组治疗后Kupperman评分显下降,两组FSH显下降,E2显上升;TC显下降,HDL－C显上升,LDL－C／HDL－C显下降,两组比较疗效无显差异,结论：结合雌激素对老年前期及老年期患均可有效缓妥围绝经期症状,改善血脂构成。     

REVERSIBLE THERMAL CONFORMATION CHANGES IN HUMAN SERUM LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN

Human serum β₁ (LDL₂) lipoprotein was preparatively divided into three subfractions on the basis of density, and the protein conformation was investigated by optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism. The protein conformation was found to vary substantially as a function of lipid composition and temperature in a gradual and reversible manner. Surprisingly, the reversible temperature range includes physiological temperature. From the character of the spectra, it appears that alpha-helix, disordered, and beta conformations can be present in the protein moiety. The presence of these conformations and their distribution appears to depend upon both lipid content and temperature. The importance of this conformational flexibility in its relation to the role of the lipoprotein in lipid transport is discussed.     

血浆纤维蛋白原、血脂水平和冠心病的关系

目的探讨血浆纤维蛋白原(Fib)、血脂水平与冠心病的关系。方法收集59例经冠状动脉造影证实为冠心病的患者,22例经冠状动脉造影证实无冠状动脉病变的对照者,测定其血浆Fib和血清胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。根据冠状动脉造影结果将冠心病组分为1支、2支和3支病变组,观察其Fib及TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C的水平及与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。血浆Fib水平与血脂进行回归分析。结果冠心病组的血浆Fib及TC、LDL-C明显高于对照组(P<0.05),HDL-C低于对照组(P<0.05),Fib、TC和LDL-C水平随冠状动脉病变支数增加而升高(P<0.05)。Fib、TC和LDL-C冠状动脉狭窄分数相关(r=0.666、0.378和0.429P<0.001)。Fib和LDL-C相关(r=0.534P<0.01)。结论血浆Fib水平的升高及血脂异常和冠心病有密切关系,并且和冠状动脉病变程度相关。血浆Fib水平和LDL-C相关。     

SERUM LIPIDS, POSTHEPARIN PLASMA LIPASE ACTIVITIES AND GLUCOSE TOLERANCE IN PATIENTS WITH PROLACTINOMA

Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were determined in forty-seven women with prolactinoma and in eighty-four age- and weight-matched control women. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed and postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) activities were determined in twelve patients before and after transsphenoidal removal of the prolactinoma. The mean levels of serum cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly higher in patients than in controls. The 90% cut-off line of controls for serum cholesterol was exceeded by 36% and that for serum triglyceride by 23% of the patients. The triglyceride levels were raised only in patients with GH-deficiency whereas patients with normal GH secretion had normal triglyceride. Plasma LPL activity was significantly reduced whereas plasma HL activity was in the upper range of normal. After the removal of prolactinoma the serum prolactin levels decreased in all patients and seven started to menstruate. The oral glucose tolerance was improved and the plasma insulin response decreased. Serum lipid levels and the lipase activities, however, did not change. Conclusion: prolactinoma is associated with metabolic abnormalities characterized by hyperlipidaemia, low plasma LPL activity and insulin resistance.     

硝苯地平(硝苯吡啶)对原发性高血压患者葡萄糖耐量及血脂的影响

对37例原发性高血压患者口服硝苯地平(硝苯毗啶)(最大剂量30mg/日)前后葡萄糖耐量和血脂变化进行了一个月临床观察。结果表明,硝苯地平对原发性高血压患者葡萄糖耐量无不利影响,能显著降低血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)和升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C、HDL_2-C)及HDL-C/TC。     

急性心肌梗塞溶栓疗效与脂蛋白（a）、血脂及纤溶指标的动态变化

观察２４例急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）患者的血清脂蛋白（ａ）［Ｌｐ（ａ）］动态变化及其与静脉法溶栓疗效关系。结果表明，ＡＭＩ患者的Ｌｐ（ａ）呈一过性升高，７～１４天达峰值，溶栓组比对照组峰值较快降至基线水平。Ｌｐ（ａ）浓度在溶栓不成功、住院期死亡或梗塞范围大的患者中增高更为明显，提示Ｌｐ（ａ）水平变化与ＡＭＩ溶栓疗效及急性期预后间可能有一定的联系。另外，还发现ＡＭＩ发病后早期组织型纤溶酶原激活物（ｔ－ＰＡ）活性及纤溶蛋白原溶解活性下降、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物（ＰＡＩ）活性升高；静脉滴注尿激酶或去纤酶后均可使ｔ－ＰＡ和纤溶活性升高，而且用药后第１～３天还使ＰＡＩ活性及纤维蛋白原含量明显降低，Ｌｐ（ａ）、血脂及纤溶指标相互之间相关性不甚明显。     

百岁老人血小板活性、纤溶活性和尸检观察

目的观察百岁老人血小板活性和纤溶活性变化。方法21例百岁老人检测PAgT，TXB2，6酮-PGF1α，GMP-140，t—PA：Ag，PAI：A六项指标与30例健康老人对照探讨血小板活性和纤溶变化。另对9例百岁老人作了尸检。结果六项血小板活性和纤溶指标测定结果：其中百岁老人组与对照组有一定差异。9例百岁老人尸检，其中1例肺梗塞，1例膀胱下静脉栓塞，1例多发性局灶性心肌梗塞。结论百岁老人出现血小板活性增高，纤溶失调，临床需密切注意有无血栓形成和血栓性疾病发生。     

血清脂质与脂质过氧化关系的临床研究

观察90例不同血脂水平的职工,发现高血脂者血清丙二醛(MDA)水平明显高于正常血脂者(P<0.001),而红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性两者间无明显差异(P>0.05)。多元回归分析表明,MDA仅与血清非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈正相关,而SOD仅与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈正相关。高血脂者经调节血脂治疗后,MDA明显下降,而SOD无明显变化,提示高脂血症与脂质过氧化间有一定关系。     

HYPOCHOLESTEROLAEMIA AND ABNORMAL HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein patterns were determined in 54female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The patientswere divided into four groups, on the basis of the treatmentthat was being administered (gold, penicillamine, hydroxychloroquineand nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). Plasma cholesterollevels were significantly reduced in all groups. The reducedplasma cholesterol level was a result of 26% and 36% reductionsin low- and high-density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL), respectively.Very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was reduced only inthe group receiving hydroxychloroquine, and this was associatedwith decreased plasma triglycerides in this group. Plasma apolipoprotein(apo) B, the LDL protein moiety, demonstrated a pattern similarto that shown for LDL cholesterol. Plasma apo A-I, the majorHDL protein, was, however, in the normal range, suggesting anabnormal HDL fraction. Even though reduced HDL cholesterol wasfound in RA patients, the HDL/LDL ratio was normal and the apoA-I/apo B ratio was increased, suggesting that these patientsare not at increased risk for atherosclerosis. KEY WORDS: Rheumatoid arthritis, Lipoproteins, High-density lipoprotein, Apolipoprotein, Cholesterol     

实验性动脉粥样硬化兔血清apo AI亚类的研究——等电聚焦电泳分析

用不同敞度磷钨酸钠—镁溶液,分步沉淀兔血清中脂蛋白,获得高密度脂蛋白(HDL)液。用等电聚焦电泳(pH 5～7)分析兔血清HDL中的apo AI亚类,获得较满意结果。本法操作简便、血清用量小、不需超速离心。结果表明,正常兔血清HDL中apo AI亚类以AI_4为主,AI_1～A_ 5的相对百分含量分别为12.49±4.28、12.96±4.22,13.94±7.28、47.14±7.48和13.47±4.42％。实验性动脉粥样硬化(AS)兔血清HDL中apo AI亚类的分布,与正常组比较无明显差异。