热熔挤出法制备苯氧乙酸吡嗪酯类化合物FC固体分散体的研究

目的 利用热熔挤出法制备难溶性的药物苯氧乙酸吡嗪酯类化合物FC固体分散体,提高FC的溶出度.方法 选用亲水性的PVPK30、PEG6000、Poloxamer188作为载体辅料,采用热熔挤出技术制备FC固体分散体.通过比较药物FC在不同载体挤出物中的差示扫描量热图和累积溶出曲线图,来判断热熔挤出技术对提高难溶性药物FC溶出度方面的作用.结果 利用热熔挤出法制备的固体分散体能够显著的提高FC的溶出度.结论 用热熔挤出法制备的FC固体分散体,在提高难溶性药物的溶出度方面具有显著的作用.     

热熔挤出法制备联苯双酯固体分散体的工艺

目的应用热熔挤出技术制备难溶性药物联苯双酯(bifendate,DDB)的固体分散体,提高DDB的溶出度。方法以共聚维酮(S630)(PVP,N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮和醋酸乙烯酯以质量比为60∶40的比例合成的水溶性共聚物)、PEG6000、丙烯酸树脂Ⅳ为亲水性载体辅料,采用同向双螺杆热熔挤出技术制备DDB固体分散体。比较不同载体挤出物的差示扫描量热图谱和累积溶出曲线,从而判断热熔挤出法对提高DDB溶出度方面的作用。结果采用热熔挤出技术制备的固体分散体可以显著的提高DDB的溶出度。结论采用HME方法制备DDB固体分散体可以显著提高药物的溶出度。     

联苯双酯固体分散体处方及体外性质评价

目的应用不同亲水性载体材料制备联苯双酯固体分散体,提高联苯双酯体外溶出。方法应用溶解度参数法初步筛选载体材料,采用热熔挤出法制备联苯双酯固体分散体,采用差示扫描量热法、X射线粉末衍射法和傅立叶变换红外光谱法对所制备的固体分散体进行表征。对固体分散体进行溶出度测定,以体外累积溶出度为主要指标,分别考察不同载体、不同载药量对固体分散体中联苯双酯溶出度的影响。结果应用不同亲水性载体材料制备的固体分散体均可提高联苯双酯溶出度,其中以Soluplus对联苯双酯溶出度的提高最为显著,累积溶出度可达到90%左右。优选Soluplus为固体分散体载体材料,并且当载药量为20%时,溶出度最高。结论应用载体材料Soluplus制备固体分散体可以显著提高联苯双酯溶出度。载体材料的性质及载药量的高低都会影响固体分散体中药物的溶出度。     

热熔挤出技术制备硝苯地平固体分散体

目的利用热熔挤出技术制备难溶性药物硝苯地平固体分散体,提高其溶出度,并进一步制成控释片剂。方法以丙烯酸树脂Ⅳ号、醋酸羟丙甲基纤维素琥珀酸酯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮共聚物、高取代羟丙基纤维素为载体,采用同向双螺杆热熔挤出机制备硝苯地平固体分散体,考察不同载体挤出物在不同介质中的累积溶出度,为筛选合适的固体分散体,进一步制备控释片做准备。结果利用热熔挤出技术制备的固体分散体均显著提高了硝苯地平的溶出度,通过羟丙基甲基纤维素骨架材料的控制作用,制成了符合零级释放的控释制剂。结论热熔挤出技术制备固体分散体能够提高难溶性药物硝苯地平的溶出度,并能进一步制成符合零级释放的控释片。     

热熔挤出技术提高水飞蓟素溶出度的初步研究

目的:研究热熔挤出技术是否提高难溶性药物溶出度.方法:以难溶性水飞蓟素为模型药物,以泊洛沙姆-188为亲水性载体,采用热熔挤出技术和熔融法分别制备挤出物和固体分散体,比较两者的差示扫描量热(DSC)图谱和累积溶出曲线.结果:挤出物是分散程度较高的固体分散体,DSC图谱中药物的吸热峰均消失,载体泊洛沙姆-188的吸热峰向低温方向移动,挤出物中的移行程度大于固体分散体;药物在90 min时从挤出物中溶出90.63%,而在固体分散体中的溶出量为71.06%.结论:热熔挤出技术可提高水飞蓟素的溶出度,且效果优于熔融法.     

热熔挤出技术制备吡罗昔康固体分散体

目的采用热熔挤出技术制备难溶性药物吡罗昔康固体分散体,来提高其溶出速率。方法以共聚维酮(PVP-VA64)为亲水性载体材料,聚乙二醇6000为增塑剂,采用热熔挤出技术制备吡罗昔康固体分散体。通过比较差示扫描量热图谱和累积溶出曲线,来表征和评价所制备的固体分散体。结果所制备的固体分散体溶出速率较物理混合物均显著提高。结论热熔挤出技术适用于制备吡罗昔康固体分散体,药物是以无定型分散在载体中,溶出度得到显著提高。     

热熔挤出法制备槲皮素固体分散体

目的采用热熔挤出技术制备难溶性药物槲皮素的固体分散体,提高其溶出速率。方法以聚丙烯酸树脂(EudragitEPO)、聚维酮(PVP-K30)、共聚维酮(PVP-VA,Kollidon VA64)为亲水性载体材料,使用双螺杆热熔挤出机制备槲皮素固体分散体,通过体外溶出度测定、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线衍射法(XRD)来表征和评价所制备的固体分散体。结果制备的槲皮素固体分散体,与原料药相比,药物溶出得到显著提高,在人工胃液中3 min时处方槲皮素-EPO(1∶9)的药物溶出度可达到67%,处方槲皮素-木糖醇-PVPK30(1∶3∶6)的药物溶出度可达到65%,而在60 min时原料药溶出度不足10%。XRD图谱显示药物晶体衍射峰消失,DSC图谱显示药物熔点吸热峰消失,提示药物是以无定形态分散在载体材料中。结论热熔挤出技术可用于制备槲皮素固体分散体,使药物以无定型态高度分散在载体中,溶出度得到显著提高。     

伊曲康唑固体分散体制备及体外溶出实验

目的:运用固体分散体技术提高难溶性药物伊曲康唑的溶解度及体外溶出速率.方法:选用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPK30)为载体,采用喷雾干燥法制备伊曲康唑固体分散体,通过差热分析及X射线衍射对固体分散体进行鉴定,比较考察伊曲康唑及其物理混合物和固体分散体的溶出特性.结果:差热分析、X射线衍射图谱表明药物以无定形状态分散于载体中;体外溶出结果表明固体分散体能显著增加药物在水及人工胃液中的溶出度(45 min时1:4固体分散体体外溶出度为伊曲康唑的11.5倍.1:4固体分散体在0.1 mo1·L-1盐酸中溶解度是伊曲康唑的67倍).结论:伊曲康唑固体分散体能明显提高伊曲康唑的溶解度及体外溶出速率.     

阿司匹林固体分散体及其胶囊的制备与体外溶出度研究

目的:制备阿司匹林固体分散体及其胶囊,并研究其体外溶出度。方法:以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为载体,采用喷雾干燥法制备阿司匹林固体分散体,比较阿司匹林原料药、阿司匹林与载体不同比例的物理混合物和固体分散体的溶出度;采用X-射线衍射和扫描电镜考察药物在载体中的分散状态,测定比表面积;考察阿司匹林固体分散体胶囊的体外溶出度。结果:与阿司匹林原料药、阿司匹林物理混合物比较,阿司匹林固体分散体中药物的溶出度均有提高,且载体比例越大,药物溶出越快,但药物-载体比例达1∶6以上时,溶出度增加不再明显;阿司匹林以无定型或分子形式高度分散在载体中;药物-载体在l∶6时,阿司匹林固体分散体比阿司匹林原料药的比表面积增大3.2倍;制成固体分散体胶囊后,30 min时药物累积溶出度达99.8%。结论:该固体分散体制备工艺可行,制备的胶囊质量可控。     

他达那非固体分散体的制备和性质研究

目的制备他达那非(tadalafil,TD)固体分散体并进行性质研究。方法利用喷雾干燥法制备固体分散体,以表观溶解度和溶出度为指标筛选处方,采用差示扫描量热(DSC)、粉末X-射线衍射(PXRD)和接触角测定等技术研究药物的存在状态和润湿性等理化性质。结果固体分散体将他达那非的表观溶解度提高22.6倍;20min内药物的累积溶出超过90%;固体分散体药物以分子或无定形状态存在;接触角减小,润湿性增大。结论采用十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和介孔硅为载体制备的他达那非固体分散体,能明显提高药物的表观溶解度和溶出度。     

长春西汀自乳化固体分散体的研究

目的：制备长春西汀自乳化固体分散体,并测定其体外特性.方法：以自乳化辅料和泊洛沙姆188（F68）为栽体制备长春西汀自乳化固体分散体,考察不同自乳化辅料及用量、不同制备方法、投药量和溶出介质对自乳化固体分散体溶出特性的影响,并采用差热分析、X-射线粉末衍射分析鉴别药物在载体中的存在状态.结果：与普通固体分散体（F1）相比,自乳化固体分散体（F8）的溶出度显著提高,药物主要以分子状态存在;自乳化辅料的种类、用量的不同对药物溶出有显著差异;溶剂法和溶剂熔融法好于熔融法;投药量和介质的不同对溶出也有一定影响.结论：与普通固体分散体相比,自乳化固体分散体能进一步提高长春西汀的溶解度和溶出度.     

阿瑞匹坦三元超饱和固体分散体的制备及性能考察

目的：为了提高难溶性药物阿瑞匹坦(Aprepitant,APR)的溶解度,解决其酸中溶出、碱中结晶沉淀的问题,选择不同功能的聚合物载体,采用热熔挤出技术制备三元固体分散体,并对其进行性能考察;方法：采用溶剂-熔融法制备二元固体分散体,以溶出度和溶出速度为指标,筛选具有增溶功能的载体材料。通过介质转移法考察各聚合物在不同浓度的药物溶液中的抑晶性能,筛选出最佳的沉淀抑制剂。确定药载比,将APR、溶出促进剂及沉淀抑制剂以不同比例混合,采用热熔挤出技术制备三元固体分散体,以溶出度和抑晶时间为指标,优选出三元固体分散体处方。经XRD确认药物在载体中的存在状态,考察该三元固体分散体在模拟肠液中的动态溶解度和加速条件下的物理稳定性。结果：亲水性聚合物PVP K30制备的二元固体分散体溶出速度快,增溶效果佳,肠溶性聚合物HPMCAS显示出优越的抑晶作用,延长了APR的过饱和点,质量比为1:1:3(APR:PVP K30:HPMCAS)的三元固体分散体在酸中迅速完全释放(120min溶出95%),相对于原料药显著提高了溶出度和溶出速率,当介质pH转为6.8后,三元固体分散体完全释放并在6h内维持溶液处于高过饱和的稳定状态,药物以无定形形式存在于载体基质中,同时能在加速条件下保持至少三个月的无定形状态。结论：基于不同聚合物的理化特性,本研究制备的三元固体分散体通过协调溶出速率和结晶抑制效果,不仅显著提高APR的溶解度,并能解决APR在胃中溶出、肠中沉淀析晶的问题,具有良好的溶出特性。     

Preparation, characterization and in vitro dissolution studies of solid dispersion of meloxicam with PEG 6000

The poor solubility and wettability of meloxicam leads to poor dissolution and hence showing variations in bioavailability. The present study is aimed to increase solubility and dissolution of the drug using solid dispersion techniques. The solid binary systems were prepared at various drug concentrations (5-40%) with polyethylene glycol 6000 by different techniques (physical mixing, solvent evaporation). The formulations were characterized by solubility studies, differential scanning calorimetry, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and in vitro dissolution rate studies. The solubility of drug increased linearly with increase in polymer concentration showing A(L) type solubility diagrams. Infrared spectroscopy studies indicated the possibility of hydrogen bonding with polymer. The differential scanning calorimetry and powder X ray diffraction demonstrated the presence of polymer as eutectica or monotectica in solid dispersion along with the physical characteristics of the drug (crystalline, amorphous or a mixture of both). The solid dispersions of the drug demonstrated higher drug dissolution rates than physical mixtures and pure meloxicam, as a result of increased wettability and dispersibility of drug in a solid dispersion system.     

Physicochemical characterization of tacrolimus-loaded solid dispersion with sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose and sodium lauryl sulfate

To develop a novel tacrolimus-loaded solid dispersion with improved solubility, various solid dispersions were prepared with various ratios of water, sodium lauryl sulfate, citric acid and carboxylmethylcellulose-Na using spray drying technique. The physicochemical properties of solid dispersions were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetery and powder X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, their solubility and dissolution were evaluated compared to drug powder. The solid dispersion at the tacrolimus/CMC-Na/sodium lauryl sulfate/citric acid ratio of 3/24/3/0.2 significantly improved the drug solubility and dissolution compared to powder. The scanning electron microscopy result suggested that carriers might be attached to the surface of drug in this solid dispersion. Unlike traditional solid dispersion systems, the crystal form of drug in this solid dispersion could not be converted to amorphous form, which was confirmed by the analysis of DSC and powder X-ray diffraction. Thus, the solid dispersion system with water, sodium lauryl sulfate, citric acid and CMC-Na should be a potential candidate for delivering a poorly water-soluble tacrolimus with enhanced solubility and no convertible crystalline.     

Preparation and characterization of emulsified solid dispersions containing docetaxel

An emulsified solid dispersion of docetaxel was prepared and characterized in vitro. In contrast to conventional solid dispersions, emulsifying pharmaceutical excipients and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as a supersaturation promoter were introduced into the PEG6000-based solid dispersion to further improve its solubilizing capability. The solubility, dissolution in vitro and stability of the prepared emulsified solid dispersions were studied taking into consideration of the effects of different emulsifying excipients, preparation methods and the media. Results of the emulsified solid dispersion of docetaxel showed that the solubility and dissolution at 2 h were 34.2- and 12.7-fold higher than the crude powder. The type of emulsifying excipient used had a significant influence on the dissolution of the emulsified solid dispersion. The dissolution of the emulsified solid dispersion prepared by the solvent-melting method or the solvent method was higher than the melting method. There were no apparent differences among the dissolution media utilized. The status of the drug in the emulsified solid dispersion was observed in an amorphous or a molecular dispersion state by differential thermal analysis and powder Xray diffraction. In conclusion, the incorporation of emulsifying pharmaceutical excipients and HPMC with polymers into a solid dispersion could be a new and useful tool to greatly increase the solubility and dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs.     

替硝唑固体分散体的制备及其体外释放特性研究

目的:利用固体分散技术制备替硝唑固体分散体,增加替硝唑溶解度和溶出速度。方法:以聚乙二醇(PEG)为载体材料,采用溶剂-熔融法制成固体分散体,测定表观溶解度,进行体外溶出试验,并采用差示扫描量热(DSC)法鉴别药物在固体分散体中的存在状态。结果:替硝唑的溶出度和表观溶解度随PEG的比例不同而不同,且溶出度随载体用量增加而增加。固体分散体的DSC曲线中替硝唑药物的特征熔融峰消失。结论:所制得的固体分散体能明显提高替硝唑的溶出度和表观溶解度。     

Physicochemical characterization and dissolution properties of meloxicam-gelucire 50/13 binary systems

A solid dispersion of Meloxicam (MX), a poorly soluble, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and Gelucire 50/13 was prepared by spray drying. Spherical microparticles were yielded with smooth surfaces as observed by scanning electron microscopy. According to differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffractometry analysis, MX was transformed from the crystalline state to the amorphous state as confirmed by the disappearance of its melting peak and the crystalline peaks. The dissolution tests at pH 7.4 revealed that the dissolution rate of encapsulated MX was 2.5-fold higher than that of the corresponding physical mixture and fourfold higher than the drug alone, respectively. The microparticles prepared at a ratio of 1:4 (drug/Gelucire) exhibited a 4-fold higher anti-inflammatory activity on the paw edema of rats in comparison to the drug alone. All in all, this work reveals that spray drying is a suitable technique for preparation of solid dispersions with improved biopharmaceutical and pharmacological characteristics of MX.     

Enhanced solubility and dissolution rate of itraconazole by a solid dispersion technique.

The aim of the present study was to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble drug, itraconazole, by a solid dispersion technique. Solid dispersion particles of itraconazole were prepared with various pH-independent and -dependent hydrophilic polymers and were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Of the polymers tested, pH-dependent hydrophilic polymers, AEA and Eudragit E 100, resulted in highest increases in drug solubility (range, 141.4-146.9-fold increases). The shape of the solid dispersion particles was spherical, with their internal diameter ranging from 1-10 microm. The dissolution rate of itraconazole from the tablets prepared by spray drying (SD-T) was fast, with > 90% released within 5 min.SD-T prepared with AEA or Eudragit E 100 at a 1:1 drug hydrophilic polymer ratio (w/w) showed approximately 70-fold increases in the dissolution rate over a marketed product.