交叉性肢体瘫痪引起的格林—巴利综合征1例

1 病例介绍 患者男性,48岁,1999-10-19入院。入院前10余日有腹泻症状,在当地诊所抗炎、补液治愈。于入院前1d在劳动中自觉左上肢,右下肢无力感。左上肢上举无力,左手拳不紧,右下肢于蹲位站起时费力,症状逐渐加重,无发热。查体：意识清,咽反射减弱,左上肢、右下肢肌力均为IV级,四肢腱反射消失,病理反射未引出,余来见异常。诊断为格林－巴利综合征,给予激素、免疫球蛋白、维生素C及B族维生素和胞二磷胆硷等药物。入院第2天吞咽困难反射（一）,右上肢肌及左下肢肌力减退,均为IV级;左上肢及右下肢肌力均为Ⅲ级,四肢均为远近…     

急性雪卡毒素中毒早期神经传导速度的变化

目的探索急性雪卡毒素中毒早期周围神经的运动感觉传导速度变化特点。方法对51例患者进行正中神经及胫神经的感觉、运动传导速度检查,其中9例行三叉神经的感觉传导速度及瞬目反射检查。结果正中神经的感觉传导速度异常率为31.4%,胫神经为54.9%,下肢多于上肢(P<0.01)。运动神经传导速度及三叉神经感觉传导速度及瞬目反射未发现异常。结论急性轻度雪卡毒素中毒以四肢远端感觉障碍为主,下肢多于上肢,早期可出现感觉传导速度改变。     

高压氧辅助治疗胸椎肿瘤术后致双下肢截瘫病例1例

1病例资料 患者男,26岁,发现胸椎占位病变5年伴腹部及双下肢麻木3个月于2011年4月入我院。患者于2006年始觉颈背部不适,当地医院拍片检查显示上胸椎较小占位病变,未作特殊处理。2011年1月出现腹部及双下肢麻木,右侧较重,但不影响活动,未行治疗,症状渐加重。入院查体脊柱无畸形,生理曲度存在,无侧弯畸形,各颈椎、胸椎、腰椎棘突无压痛及放射痛,脊柱活动正常,双上肢活动自如,肌力正常。胸骨柄以下躯体及双下肢皮肤浅感觉减退,深感觉存在,双下肢肌力正常,肌容积正常,双足背动脉正常。各关节活动正常,腹壁反射存在,跟、膝腱反射正常,双侧病理征阴性。入院MRI检查提示胸2椎体附件（椎板和棘突）区富血供占位,伴邻近软组织受累,脊髓受压,考虑恶性肿瘤;下段颈椎、胸1~7椎体、多个附件、第2~3后肋起始处见弥漫或片状长T1长T2。初步诊断考虑胸椎肿瘤并脊髓受压。4月20日在全麻下行后路胸椎肿瘤切除减压植骨椎弓根内固定术。病理提示（胸2椎体附件后）骨母细胞瘤。术后患者出现剑突水平以下感觉减退明显,胸腹、双下肢出现触觉过敏,以足底明显;双下肢肌力0~Ⅰ级,右侧膝反射,踝反射正常,左侧减弱;左侧本体觉可,右侧差;肛周痛觉过敏,肛门括约肌收缩存在。予营养神经、功能锻炼治疗,无明显改善。于术后第7天行高压氧治疗,治疗方案：采用多人空气加压舱,治疗压力2.0 ATA,加压15 min,减压20 min,1次/d,10次为1个疗程,于第2疗程结束时休息5 d,共治疗4个疗程。同时配合药物神经营养、神经肌肉功能康复训练治疗。治疗10次后,患者双下肢感觉肌力有所恢复,双侧乳头水平感觉较前恢复,右下肢触觉较左下肢差;双侧腹壁反射减弱,右侧髂腰肌、股四头肌、腘绳肌肌力Ⅱ级;胫前肌、拇伸肌、趾伸肌肌力Ⅱ级,左侧右侧髂腰肌、股四头肌、腘绳肌肌力Ⅱ级,胫前肌、拇伸肌、趾伸肌肌力Ⅰ级;双侧下肢肌张力高,踝震挛阳性,babinski征阳性;治疗2个疗程后,查体四肢肌容积正常,肌束震颤有,左侧上肢近端肌力Ⅴ级,远端肌力Ⅴ级;左侧下肢近端肌力Ⅱ＋级,远端肌力Ⅱ＋级;右侧上肢近端肌力Ⅴ级,远端肌力Ⅴ级;右侧下肢近端肌力Ⅱ＋级,远端肌力Ⅱ＋级。双侧膝反射活跃,双侧踝阵挛阳性,腹壁反射上中下消失。病理反射Babinski征阳性。至治疗4个疗程后,患者双下肢肌力Ⅲ＋级,双下肢痉挛,双侧乳头水平以下感觉减退,大小便正常。2011年6月患者自行要求出院,停止高压氧治疗。     

首发神经症状的急性粒细胞白血病二例报告

首发神经症状的白血病较少见,现报告二例: 例一:女,21岁,左肩隐痛3个月,左上肢无力二个月,视物成双、左上下肢瘫半月。查体:内科检查正常。神清、语利,左侧动眼神经麻痹,左上肢肌力3级,左下肢肌力4级,张力低、左上肢有肌萎缩,无感觉障碍,左侧腱反射消失,无病理反射,脑     

多发性脊髓结核瘤伴脊髓空洞症一例报告

患者女,20岁,因双下肢截瘫伴大小便失禁4年,于2004年8月31日入院.患者4年前出现下肢麻木、无力,感觉运动障碍,外院诊断为"结核性脑脊髓膜炎",给予抗结核治疗症状缓解,后双上肢一直不能活动.入院检查:双下肢肌肉萎缩;双上肢肌力5级,双下肢0级;双上肢深、浅感觉正常,双下肢消失;在T5平面以下浅感觉明显减退,T10平面以下消失;腱反射微弱;病理反射未引出;肛门无自主收缩及反射.     

自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿1例

1 病案举例 患者,男,80岁,以“持续性背部疼痛30min”为主诉于2006年8月10日入院。患者晨起时突感背部疼痛,疼痛局限,活动加重。既往颈椎病史,无高血压病史。查体：血压180／100mmHg,颈6-胸2椎体叩痛,余无阳性体征。以高血压病3级,急性冠脉综合征,颈椎病诊断入住心内科。入院第2d,患者出现肢体感觉活动障碍,查体四肢肌张力减低,双上肢肌力Ⅲ级,双下肢肌力Ⅰ级,腹壁反射、提睾反射、肛门反射消失,肱二、三头肌腱反射减弱,跟膝腱反射消失,左侧腹壁及左下肢痛温觉减退,     

自发性腰椎椎管内硬膜外血肿1例报告

患者 男,51岁,因“双下肢无力1个月余,加重5d”于2016年5月26日入院.患者1个月前无明显诱因出现双下肢无力,10d前于排便后出现无力加重,右下肢为主,无法站立,伴下肢麻木及感觉减退.7d前出现尿失禁及排便困难,无大便失禁.无特殊既往史、家族史.查体:生命体征平稳.患者卧床,神志清,查体配合.专科情况:双侧腹股沟以下至足底区域深、浅感觉减退,双下肢肌张力减低,下肢肌力,髂腰肌双侧Ⅱ级,股四头肌双侧Ⅲ级,小腿以下双侧肌力Ⅰ级.肛门括约肌肌力Ⅲ级,肛门周围感觉减退,肛门反射及球海绵体反射存在,跟腱、膝腱反射消失,余无异常.     

血液灌洗吸附治疗吉兰-巴雷综合征1例

<正> 患者,女性,59岁。主因劳累后出现四肢麻木、乏力,遂渐加重伴心悸、头晕3天住院。查体:体温36℃,脉搏78次/min,呼吸12次/min,血压170/100 mmHg(1 kPa=7.5 mmHg)。神清,精神欠佳,额肌及面肌运动减弱,眼睑闭合无力,双侧周围性面瘫,左侧咽反射消失,右侧咽反射迟钝,心、肺、腹无异常,四肢肌张力减退,双上肢近端肌力Ⅳ级,远端肌力Ⅱ级,双下肢肌力Ⅱ级,腱反射消失,左巴氏征阳性。深浅感觉     

慢性脊髓内出血一例报告

女,37岁。于1989年6月26日入院。入院前两月因一次坐椅子坐空而摔倒,臀部落地。当时却感腰骶部疼痛,第二天疼痛消失但感右下肢麻木并逐渐加重,半月后又出现左下肢麻木,一月后出现腰部麻木。入院前八天出现双下肢无力,三天前出现双下肢软瘫伴排尿困难。既往健康,无出血倾向及有关疾病。查体:T36.6℃,BP16/11.7kPa,神清,颅神经无异常。脑膜刺激症阴性。双上肢肌力,肌张力,感觉及腱反射均无异常,病理反射未引出。右下肢肌力Ⅱ~ 级,左下肢肌力Ⅲ~ 级,肌张力减弱。右踝反射未引出,其它腱反射可引出。病理征:右下肢巴彬斯基征阳性,余均未引出。T_(11)以下深浅感觉减退。入院后腰穿:初压2.0kPa,奎肯试验阴性。脑脊液常规生化检查正常,脊髓Amipaque造影T_(6-11)CT扫描未见异常。经激     

颈椎病引起脊髓半切综合征1例报告

患者,男,48岁。因逐渐发生左侧上下肢无力伴右侧偏身感觉障碍一月余,于1992年元月10日入院。既往无高血压病和外伤史。查体:神清,颈椎4～6棘突轻度压痛,颈活动稍受限,心肺(一),颅神经(一),眼底(一),左上下肢肌张力增高,左上肢肌力Ⅲ~+级,左下肢肌力Ⅲ级,右侧肢体肌力正常,左上肢腱反射活跃,左下肢腱反射亢进,踝阵挛(+),左腹壁反射减弱,双上肢Rossolimo征和Hoffman征(+),左Babinski征     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.