肥胖对心房颤动影响的争议

心房颤动(房颤)为临床上最常见的持续性快速心律失常,在美国Miyasaka等[1]报道经年龄和性别校正后房颤的发病率在1980年为3.03％,2000年为3.68％,21年来房颤发病率上升了12.6％.房颤发病率的增加与多种因素有关,已被认知的房颤危险因素包括年龄、男性、高血压、瓣膜性心脏病、慢性心力衰竭、甲状腺疾病等[2],其中一个重要原因在于肥胖的患病率逐年增加.但是肥胖对房颤的影响仍存争议,故本文就肥胖与房颤的相关性作一综述.     

潜克病人血清及尿中17种游离氨基酸含量初测

对潜在型克山病(潜克)病人血清及尿中17种氨基酸含量测定结果表明,除病人尿中丝氨酸含量明显低于正常人外,病人血清中17种氨基酸和尿中16种氨基酸含量与正常人相比无明显差异。     

青蒿琥酯抗弓形虫病的疗效观察

弓形虫是一种专性细胞内寄生原虫,由其引发的弓形虫病在全世界范围内广泛流行,给人类健康和畜牧业造成了不可估量的损失。目前,弓形虫病治疗仍以传统的乙胺嘧啶和磺胺嘧啶联合用药为主,但由于它们在长期使用中表现出的毒副作用使其应用受到限制。另外,已发现的其它抗弓形虫药的疗效都低于上述两种药。因此,寻找新的、高效低毒的     

地方性氟中毒防制对策新思考

阅读李广生教授的《营养因素对地氟病的影响》一文受到启发,联系到三次流行病学调查中的矛盾现象进行分析。认为,在地氟病流行因素中,除日摄氟量外,还与营养因素有关,尤其是膳食中的钙。据此,对地氟病防制对策进行了讨论。     

SUMO化反应在肾脏疾病中的作用探索

小泛素相关修饰物(SUMO)与靶蛋白的共价结合是一种真核基因表达的翻译后加工形式。SU-MO化能够使蛋白质更加稳定,进而调节许多关键的细胞活动,如核运输、信号传递、凋亡、细胞周期调控以及基因表达的调控等。此外SUMO化还可通过过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ、核转录因子-κB及转化生长因子-β依赖的途径参与抗炎和致纤维化过程,本文就这一机制可能在肾脏疾病中发挥的作用作一综述。     

地方性氟中毒防制对策新思考——读李广生《营养因素对地方性氟中毒的影响》一文有感

阅读李广生教授的《营养因素对地氟病的影响》一文受到启发,联系到三次流行病学调查中的矛盾现象进行分析。认为,在地氟病流行因素中,除日摄氟量外,还与营养因素有关,尤其是膳食中的钙。据此,对地氟病防制对策进行了讨论。     

吸烟与胰岛素抵抗关系的实验研究

目的探讨吸烟与胰岛素抵抗(IR)的关系。方法正常6周龄Wistar大鼠49只,随机分为三组:普通饲养组(16只)、高脂饲养组(17只)、糖尿病组(16只),每组再随机分为吸烟组与对照组(各8只,高脂饲养吸烟组9只),吸烟组进行12周熏烟实验,应用高胰岛素-正葡萄糖钳夹技术进行IR的评价,并进行有关生化指标及体重的检测。结果高脂饲养吸烟组、糖尿病吸烟组大鼠体重低于各自对照组(P<0·05);普通饲养吸烟组、高脂饲养吸烟组、糖尿病吸烟组TC高于各自对照组(P<0·05或P<0·01);普通饲养吸烟组、糖尿病吸烟组TG高于各自对照组(P<0·01,P<0·05);高脂饲养吸烟组LDL-C高于对照组(P<0·05);普通饲养吸烟组、高脂饲养吸烟组、糖尿病吸烟组FFA高于各自对照组(P均<0·01);普通饲养吸烟组FIns水平高于对照组(P<0·05);普通饲养吸烟组、高脂饲养吸烟组、糖尿病吸烟组葡萄糖输注率(GIR)低于各自对照组(P<0·01)。吸烟与TC、TG、FFA呈正相关(r=0·33,0·31,0·30,P<0·05),与体重、GIR呈负相关(r=-0·62,-0·43,P<0·01)。结论吸烟明显抑制体重增加,导致血脂紊乱及IR。吸烟与IR密切相关。     

疟疾监测方法研究进展

疟疾是一种严重危害人类健康的蚊媒病.对疟疾进行有效监测和预警具有重要意义.该文介绍了近年来疟疾病例监测、蚊媒监测、蚊媒感染疟原虫检测的方法及地理信息系统与遥感技术在疟疾监测中的应用.     

糖尿病对肾移植预后影响的研究

目的探讨肾移植患者合并糖尿病对预后的影响。方法回顾性分析1988年4月至2008年3月中国人民解放军总医院第二附属医院收治的507例肾移植患者手术前后相关临床资料和随访资料。结果507例共行539例次肾移植术(多次手术29例),其中52例合并糖尿病[其中男30例,年龄(51.4±7.1)岁;女22例,年龄(51.6±4.9)岁],移植前糖尿病16例,移植后糖尿病36例;因糖尿病肾病致肾衰竭性肾移植治疗占糖尿病的30.8%。未合并糖尿病肾移植455例[其中男293例,年龄(38.7±12.3)岁;女126例,年龄(43.5±10.1)岁]。合并糖尿病组的各种并发症患病率均显著高于非糖尿病组。合并糖尿病组病死率17.3%(9/52),同期非糖尿病肾移植组病死率7.7%(35/455),尤以移植前糖尿病病死率最高。结论肾移植合并糖尿病者病死率高、合并症多,需加强对肾移植前后糖尿病的控制。     

Study on the influence of curcumin on chemosensitivity of nephroblastoma cells

Objective:To study the influence of curcumin on chemosensitivity of nephroblastoma cells.Methods:Human nephroblastoma cells line SK-NEP-1 was transplanted to the nude mice subcutaneously to establish the implantation tumor model of human nephroblastoma cells.A total of 30 tumor-bearing mice were divided into three groups of ten randomly.The routine chemotherapy group was given vincristine(0.05 mg/mL·0.2 mL/d) and actinomycin D(15 ng/mL·0.2 mL/d) combined chemotherapy regime.The curcumin chemotherapy group was given the same combined chemotherapy regimens and curcumin(30 mg/kg/d) by intraperitoneal injection.The control group was given normal saline(NS) of the same volume by intraperitoneal injection.Continuous administration would be kept for 4 weeks and 3 days a week.The volumetric changes of every group were recorded.The serum of every group in different time was collected and the VEGF content was detected by ELISA.All mice were cercrificed and the tumor tissues were stripped and weighed after 4 weeks' treatment.The tumor inhibition rate was calculated.The cell proliferation activity and apoptosis rate were detected by MTT and flow cytometry method.All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0.Results:The tumor volume,serum VEGF content,tumor inhibition rate,cell proliferation activity and apoptosis rate of routine chemotherapy group and curcumin chemotherapy group had significant differences comparing with the control group(P0.05) after 4-week's treatment.The cancer growth of curcumin chemotherapy group was obviously decreased and even tended to shrink comparing with routine chemotherapy group(χ2=15.732,P=0.007).The cell proliferation activity was significantly reduced and the apoptosis rate was significantly higher,(χ~2=9.427,P=0.012)which showing the effect of chemotherapy was enhanced.Conclusions:The chemosensitivity of nephroblastoma cells could be improved by curcumin,then the effect of preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy scheme would be enhanced,the growth of nephroblastoma cells would be inhibited and the surgical risk of nephroblastoma would be reduced.     

Influence of atrial fibrillation on the morbido-mortality of patients on hemodialysis

BACKGROUND: The consequences of atrial fibrillation (AF) on morbido-mortality of patients on hemodialysis have not been fully explored. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of AF in patients on hemodialysis and to evaluate its influence on the development of thromboembolic phenomena (TEP). METHODS: The incidence of AF in 190 patients in our hemodialysis program was assessed, and the patients were followed up for 1 year. Pertinent demographic and biochemical parameters were entered into univariate and multivariate statistical analyses to evaluate associations with overall mortality and TEP such as cerebrovascular accident, transitory ischemic accident, or peripheral embolism. RESULTS: In 13.6% of patients, AF was found; 9.4% of these were of the permanent type. In the multivariate analysis, only increased age was associated with a higher probability of having arrhythmia (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.17; P =.003). During follow-up, 23% of the patients with AF died compared with 6% of those in sinus rhythm (P <.05), although AF did not appear to be an independent predictive factor for death. Thirty-five percent of the patients with AF and 4% with sinus rhythm had TEP (P <.01). In the multivariate analysis, AF was identified as the only independent predictor for TEP (odds ratio, 8; 95% CI, 2.3-27; P =.0008). CONCLUSIONS: AF is a frequent arrhythmia in patients on hemodialysis, and approximately 1 in 3 hemodialysis patients with AF had thromboembolic complications within 1 year of follow-up. These findings suggest that the consensus contraindication of prophylactic anticoagulation therapy for this group of patients may need to be redefined.     

锌对兔血管形态学影响的实验研究

目的 观察高锌对兔血管病理形态的影响。方法 在新西兰雄性大白兔饮水中加葡萄糖酸锌（锌浓度15.0mmol/L）喂养12个月，动态观察血清及组织锌、铜变化，6及12个月时应光镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜观察血管微细结构及超微结构变化。结果 兔在加锌喂养血清及组织锌持续升高；随时间延长，主动脉血管增厚，弹性降低；光镜显示6个月时动态血管内皮细胞肿胀、平滑肌细胞排列紊乱，12个月时平滑肌层增厚；电镜观察内皮细胞条索状排列变平、中断或消失，细胞连接疏松、凹陷，表面覆盖片状或（和）团块状沉积物。细胞核膜凹陷、固缩，核异、常染色质分布异常，胞浆膜皮裂，线粒体空泡变，弹力纤维疏松，基底膜变形。结论 高锌可致兔血管壁脂质沉积及内皮细胞损伤，这可能是形成动脉粥样硬化的重要基础。     

雌激素缺乏对软骨代谢影响的实验研究

目的探讨雌激素缺乏的情况下软骨代谢的变化。方法将SD大鼠随机分为对照组和雌激素缺乏组，分别喂养12周和24周后处死，取大鼠肋软骨，用改良法测定软骨中羟脯氨酸含量，进一步换算出软骨中胶原含量。结果12周后，各组软骨胶原含量、氨基己糖及硫酸基含量均无显著差异，但软骨胶原含量有下降趋势。24周后，雌激素缺乏组中软骨胶原、氨基己糖、硫酸基含量较各组均降低，且有显著性差异。结论雌激素缺乏可引起软骨有机质含量降低。     

用消毒剂对鼠疫菌的杀灭效果观察

目的选择高效、低毒、方便的消毒剂代替来苏儿，用于鼠疫实验室消毒和疫情处理。方法选用二氧化氯、过氧乙酸消毒剂，采用悬液法、载体定量法和模拟现场对鼠疫菌进行杀灭试验。结果250mg／L二氧化氯溶液作用5min，或400mg／L过氧乙酸溶液作用10min，可完全杀灭液体中鼠疫菌。200mg／L二氧化氯溶液或400mg／L的过氧乙酸溶液作用1min，即可杀灭物体表面的鼠疫菌。结论2种消毒剂对鼠疫菌杀灭效果可靠，可以替代来苏儿用于鼠疫实验室和疫情处理消毒。     

气候变化对疟疾影响的研究进展

疟疾是通过蚊媒传播的感染性疾病.多种气候、环境因素的改变,包括近几十年来明显的全球气候变暖,都可能对该病的流行风险产生影响,使该病的流行及分布、传播媒介的分布发生变化.该文综述了一般气象因素与疟疾传播的关系,季节性与年际气候变异、极端天气事件对疟疾的影响,气候变化对疟疾已产生的可能影响,以及气候变化对未来疟疾影响的预估...     

人乳铁蛋白对细胞增殖的影响

目的 探讨人乳铁蛋白(hLF)对体外培养细胞生长特性的影响.方法 MTT法评定hLF对人鼻咽癌细胞、中国仓鼠卵巢细胞、人肝脏细胞的生长抑制作用.结果 乳铁蛋白对人鼻咽癌细胞系CNE的增殖有抑制作用并呈现剂量依赖性,对正常细胞无抑制作用.结论 hLF可能是一种效果较好的新的抗肿瘤化学剂.