缺血性急性肾功能衰竭与细胞凋亡

目的：探讨缺血性急性肾功能衰竭（ＩＡＲＦ）与细胞凋亡的关系以及褪黑素（ＭＥＬ）对ＩＡＲＦ的保护作用。方法：用无损伤动脉夹钳夹大鼠双侧肾蒂４５ｍｉｎ再灌注２４ｈ的手术方法制成ＩＡＲＦ动物模型,观察不同剂量ＭＥＬ预防用药对ＩＡＲＦ大鼠血尿素氮（ＢＵＮ）、肌酐（Ｃｒ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ Ｐｘ）、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的影响以及对肾小管细胞凋亡的影响。结果：ＩＡＲＦ大鼠ＢＵＮ,Ｃｒ升高,ＳＯＤ,ＧＳＨ Ｐｘ下降,ＭＤＡ上升。形态学显示肾小管细胞出现细胞凋亡。ＭＥＬ能不同程度地逆转上述改变,防止或减少凋亡发生,效应呈剂量依赖性。结论：氧自由基（ＯＦＲ）是ＩＡＲＦ的主要发生机制之一,ＩＡＲＦ确实存在着细胞凋亡的病理改变。ＭＥＬ预防用药能减轻ＩＡＲＦ,减少细胞凋亡的发生。     

动脉成形术对血管表皮生长因子受体表达影响的免疫组化研究

目的：观察动脉成形术对血管平滑肌细胞（ＳＭＣ）表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ）表达的影响,探讨ＥＧＦＲ与再狭窄的关系。方法：于兔右颈总动脉成形术前及术后２４,４８,７２ｈ,７ｄ和１４ｄ,取实验动脉段用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法检测ＥＧＦＲ的表达。结果：正常颈总动脉中膜未见ＥＧＦＲ阳性表达;动脉成形术后２４ｈ,中膜部分ＳＭＣ显示ＥＧＦＲ阳性表达;４８和７２ｈ中膜ＥＧＦＲ阳性表达均进一步增加;７和１４ｄ动脉中膜ＥＧＦＲ阳性表达的ＳＭＣ均较７２ｈ显著减少,但新生内膜中增殖的ＳＭＣ均显示大量ＥＧＦＲ阳性表达。阳性染色以胞膜处最明显。结论：动脉成形术使血管ＳＭＣＥＧＦＲ表达显著增加,再狭窄形成过程中ＳＭＣ增殖与ＥＧＦＲ有关。     

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白－3基因在乳腺癌中的表达

我们应用ＷｅｓｔｅｒｎＢｌｏｔ法、组织原位分子杂交、细胞生长曲线和ＤＮＡ合成等技术，检测９例人类乳腺癌细胞株和２０例乳腺癌标本中胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白－３（ＩＧＦＢＰ－３）基因的蛋白质和ｍＲＮＡ水平的表达，研究其生物学作用。结果：①在乳腺癌细胞株中，雌激素受体阴性（ＥＲ－）者，分泌大量的ＩＧＦＢＰ－３，而雌激素受体阳性（ＥＲ＋）者不分泌ＩＧＦＢＰ－３；②在乳腺癌病人标本中，ＥＲ（－）者ＩＧＦＢＰ－３ｍＲＮＡ的定量表达明显高于ＥＲ（＋）者（Ｐ＜０．００５）；③ＩＧＦＢＰ－３能明显增强乳腺癌ＭＣＦ－７细胞株胰岛素样生长因子－Ⅰ（ＩＧＦ－Ⅰ）所致的细胞生长和ＤＮＡ合成作用。结论：我们认为ＩＧＦＢＰ－３基因蛋白质和ｍＲＮＡ的表达水平有可能成为乳腺癌患者的预后指标。     

自由基促进猪内皮细胞c－sis mRNA／PDGF－B链蛋白表达的实验研究

采用免疫组织化学和原位杂交方法，研究自由基（ＦＲ）对猪主动脉内皮细胞（ＥＣ）的ｃ－ｓｉｓｍＲＮＡ及血小板源生长因子（ＰＤＧＦ）Ｂ链蛋白表达的影响。结果显示，ＦＲ促进ｃ－ｓｉｓｍＲＮＡ和ＰＤＧＦ－Ｂ链蛋白的表达。ＥＣ暴露于ＦＲ２０ｍｉｎ，ｃ－ｓｉｓｍＲＮＡ和ＰＤＧＦ－Ｂ链蛋白的表达较对照组分别增加１．０和２．２倍。提示，ＦＲ损伤ＥＣ所诱导的ＰＤＧＦ合成增多在动脉粥样硬化的发病过程中可能起重要作用。     

转化生长因子β及受体在增生和癌变的细支气管肺泡细胞中的分布

用免疫组织化学方法检测转化生长因子（ＴＧＦ）β三型及其受体（ＴβＲ－Ⅰ）在细支气管肺泡细胞增生（ＢＡＨ）和细支气管肺泡细胞癌（ＢＡＣ）中的分布情况。结果示，大部分ＢＡＣ和ＢＡＨ病例均有一种以上ＴＧＦ－β亚型和ＴβＲ－Ⅰ表达；ＢＡＣ的ＴＧＦ－β１和ＴＧＦ－β３阳性率明显高于ＢＡＨ；有二种以上ＴＧＦ－β表达的ＢＡＣ病例，其淋巴结转移发生率更高。提示增生和癌变的细支气管肺泡细胞均可合成和分泌ＴＧＦ－β和ＴβＲ－Ⅰ，且ＴＧＦ－β对ＢＡＣ的发展起一定作用     

C—erbB2和EGFR在垂体腺瘤中的表达及其意义

目的 探讨Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２和表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦＲ）蛋白表达与垂体腺瘤激素类型及侵裘性的关系。方法 用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法对６４例垂体腺瘤进行Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２和ＥＧＦＲ免疫染色,结果 Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２和ＥＧＦＲ仅在大多数无激素型腺瘤中阳性表达,而在其它激素类型腺瘤病中极少阳性表达。ＥＧＦＲ在侵袭性腺瘤中的阳性表达率（４１．９３％）高于非侵袭组（１２．１２％）两者差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论 Ｃ－ｅｒ     

p53蛋白、nm23-H1蛋白、表皮生长因子受体和癌胚抗原在大肠癌原发与复发灶中的表达

目的：了解ｐ５３蛋白、ｎｍ２３Ｈ１蛋白、表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ）及癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）的表达与肿瘤局部复发的关系。方法：用ＡＢＣ免疫组化技术检测了ｐ５３、ｎｍ２３Ｈ１、ＥＧＦＲ、ＣＥＡ在２０例大肠癌原发及局部复发灶中的表达。结果：复发后ｐ５３阳性率显著增高，ｐ５３、ＥＧＦＲ及ＣＥＡ的表达程度均显著增加，ｎｍ２３Ｈ１阳性率及表达程度呈下降趋势。肿瘤复发后组织分化程度呈下降趋势。结论：复发大肠癌的生物学行为可能恶化，ｐ５３、ｎｍ２３Ｈ１、ＥＧＦＲ及ＣＥＡ在局部复发中可能起重要作用。     

SURGICAL TREATMENT OF HALLUX VALGLUS BY RECONSTRUCTION OF METATARSAL ARCH AND MODIFIED MCBRIDE OPERATION （40 CASES REPORT）

ＳＵＲＧＩＣＡＬＴＲＥＡＴＭＥＮＴＯＦＨＡＬＬＵＸＶＡＬＧＬＵＳＢＹＲＥＣＯＮＳＴＲＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＭＥＴＡＴＡＲＳＡＬＡＲＣＨＡＮＤＭＯＤＩＦＩＥＤＭＣＢＲＩＤＥＯＰＥＲＡＴＩＯＮ（４０ＣＡＳＥＳＲＥＰＯＲＴ）ＷｅｎｇＸｉｓｈｅｎｇ（翁习生）；Ｈｅ...     

ONCOGENIC TRANSFORMATION OF SYRIAN HAMSTER EMBRYO CELLS BY 5．3－MeV α PARTICLES AND A TUMOR PROMOTER PHORBOL ESTER

ＯＮＣＯＧＥＮＩＣＴＲＡＮＳＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＳＹＲＩＡＮＨＡＭＳＴＥＲＥＭＢＲＹＯＣＥＬＬＳＢＹ５．３－ＭｅＶαＰＡＲＴＩＣＬＥＳＡＮＤＡＴＵＭＯＲＰＲＯＭＯＴＥＲＰＨＯＲＢＯＬＥＳＴＥＲＳｈｏｕＪｉａｎｇ（寿江）；ＧｏｎｇＹｉｆｅｎ（龚诒芬）...     

表皮生长因子对气道上皮细胞VIP分泌及VIPR表达的影响

有放射免疫法检测支气管上皮细胞和肺泡巨噬细胞血管活性肠肽的分泌,放射配基法测定ＢＥＣ的ＶＩＰ受体表达,观察表皮生长因子的调控效应。提示气道上皮存在ＶＩＰ的自分泌或旁分泌,其保护效应受局部生长因子的调控。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.