Audit of extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation as a routine treatment for age related cataract in east Africa

AIMS: To evaluate the outcome of extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation (PC-IOL) in an African eye clinic during the transition from intracapsular cataract extraction to ECCE and PC-IOL. METHODS: A retrospective survey of 461 consecutive operations for age related cataract with a mean follow up of 52.9 weeks (range 0-275) and a minimum follow up of 4 weeks in 87.9% of eyes. RESULTS: A best corrected vision of 6/18 or better was obtained in 94.3% of eyes, and an uncorrected vision of 6/18 or better in 78.2% of eyes. Six eyes (1.5%) had a best corrected vision of less than 6/60. The visual acuity at 2 months was strongly predictive of the vision at 1 year or more after surgery. Preoperative biometry and IOL power calculation increased the proportion of eyes obtaining an uncorrected vision of 6/18 or better from 73.8% to 81.3%. Four eyes developed visually significant posterior capsule opacity. CONCLUSION: ECCE and PC-IOL can give very good results in an African setting. A better visual outcome should lead to increased demand for cataract surgery, which will eventually reduce the number of cataract blind people in Africa.     

Pyramidal anterior polar cataracts

OBJECTIVE: To document clinical features and subsequent management of pyramidal anterior polar cataracts in children. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative case series and clinicopathologic correlation. PARTICIPANTS: Fifteen patients who presented to the pediatric ophthalmology clinic. INTERVENTION: All patients underwent measurement of visual acuity, assessment of ocular motility, examination of the anterior and posterior segments, and cycloplegic refraction. Amblyopia treatment was instituted when appropriate. When visual impairment occurred from cataract progression or amblyopia or both, cataract removal with or without lens implantation was performed. After surgery, correction of refractive error and treatment of amblyopia were instituted. Several pyramidal opacities were retrieved during cataract extraction and examined by light and electron microscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuity at initial presentation, size of lens opacity before surgery, amblyopia status, most recent visual acuity after cataract extraction, and histologic examination of lens opacity. RESULTS: Nine children had bilateral and six had unilateral pyramidal cataracts (24 eyes). There was no discernible inheritance pattern. Patients were followed for 27 months on average. Twenty of 24 eyes developed cortical opacification that extended significantly beyond the base of the pyramidal lesion. Nineteen eyes required cataract surgery: 10 eyes underwent lensectomy with anterior vitrectomy and 9 had extracapsular cataract extraction, 8 of which had insertion of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. Amblyopia was present or developed in all six patients with unilateral cataract and in eight of nine patients with bilateral cataract. Visual acuity in many eyes remained poor despite amblyopia therapy. The pyramidal opacities consisted of hyperplastic lens epithelium, which exhibited a loss of polarity and was surrounded by a collagenous matrix. CONCLUSIONS: Pyramidal anterior polar cataracts are present at birth and may represent a variant of anterior polar lens opacities. They may be unilateral or, if bilateral, they may be either symmetric or asymmetric. They consist of hyperplastic lens epithelium in a collagenous matrix. Patients with pyramidal cataracts are likely to develop amblyopia. This can result from either unilateral occurrence or asymmetry of bilateral opacities and is often worsened by surrounding cortical opacification. Many patients require cataract surgery. All infants and young children with anterior polar opacities showing this configuration should be followed for cataract progression and amblyopia.     

白内障合并晶状体脱位范围>2个象限患者的术式选择和术后疗效

目的:探讨白内障合并晶状体脱位范围>2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术+前部玻璃体切割术,术后3mo矫正视力>0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术的临床疗效.方法:对2014-07/2016-12我院白内障科就诊的34例34眼白内障合并晶状体脱位范围>2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术+前部玻璃体切割术,3mo后矫正视力>0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术,分别观察患者术后1wk,1、3mo裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、眼压、角膜散光度、术后并发症情况.结果:随着术后恢复时间的延长,患者各期的裸眼视力和最佳矫正视力均较术前有明显提高.术后3mo最佳矫正视力0.1~<0.3者1眼,0.3~<0.5者8眼,0.5~<0.7者16眼,>0.7者9眼,达到或接近术前的最佳矫正视力.术后1wk,1、3mo眼压处于正常范围内.手术并没有明显增加角膜的散光度.结论:对于白内障合并晶状体脱位范围>2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术+前部玻璃体切割术,3mo后矫正视力>0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术能有效确切地提高视力,稳定眼压,术后并发症少,是较为安全可靠的治疗方式.     

Operated and unoperated cataract in Australia

Purpose : To quantify the prevalence of cataract, the outcomes of cataract surgery and the factors related to unoperated cataract in Australia. Methods : Participants were recruited from the Visual Impairment Project: a cluster, stratified sample of more than 5000 Victorians aged 40 years and over. At examination sites interviews, clinical examinations and lens photography were performed. Cataract was defined in participants who had: had previous cataract surgery, cortical cataract greater than 4/16, nuclear greater than Wilmer standard 2, or posterior subcapsular greater than 1 mm ² . Results : The participant group comprised 3271 Melbourne residents, 403 Melbourne nursing home residents and 1473 rural residents. The weighted rate of any cataract in Victoria was 21.5%. The overall weighted rate of prior cataract surgery was 3.79%. Two hundred and forty‐nine eyes had had prior cataract surgery. Of these 249 procedures, 49 (20%) were aphakic, 6 (2.4%) had anterior chamber intraocular lenses and 194 (78%) had posterior chamber intraocular lenses. Two hundred and eleven of these operated eyes (85%) had best‐corrected visual acuity of 6/12 or better, the legal requirement for a driver’s license. Twenty‐seven (11%) had visual acuity of less than 6/18 (moderate vision impairment). Complications of cataract surgery caused reduced vision in four of the 27 eyes (15%), or 1.9% of operated eyes. Three of these four eyes had undergone intracapsular cataract extraction and the fourth eye had an opaque posterior capsule. No one had bilateral vision impairment as a result of cataract surgery. Surprisingly, no particular demographic factors (such as age, gender, rural residence, occupation, employment status, health insurance status, ethnicity) were related to the presence of unoperated cataract. Conclusions : Although the overall prevalence of cataract is quite high, no particular subgroup is systematically under‐serviced in terms of cataract surgery. Overall, the results of cataract surgery are very good, with the majority of eyes achieving driving vision following cataract extraction.     

辅助技术在治疗白内障合并角膜混浊手术中的应用

目的：评价在白内障手术中应用包括囊膜染色、虹膜拉钩、虹膜切除等辅助技术治疗白内障合并角膜混浊患眼的术后视觉效果,并分析手术安全性和有效性。

方法：回顾收集2014-01/2019-03在新疆军区总医院全军眼科中心接受白内障超声乳化合并人工晶状体植入术的白内障合并角膜混浊患者105例105眼,所有患者接受白内障超声乳化摘除并人工晶状体植入术。术中应用台盼蓝囊膜染色剂,并观察前囊膜染色情况,连续环形撕囊成功率,晶状体后囊破裂及人工晶状体囊袋内植入情况。并于术后1d,1wk,1、3mo对患者进行随访,观察术中撕囊成功率,术前、术后的最佳矫正视力(BCVA,LogMAR),术后并发症等。

结果：患者均接受白内障超声乳化吸除合并人工晶状体植入术。术中通过应用台盼蓝囊膜染色剂(台盼蓝)染色前囊膜辅助成功完成所有连续环形撕囊,并采取了包括应用虹膜拉钩及虹膜切开术等其他措施。将可折叠式人工晶状体植入105眼。术后追踪观察3mo,术眼术后BCVA为0.82±0.10,与术前BCVA(3.12±0.14)比较有差异(t=174.893,P<0.01)。

结论：白内障超声乳化摘除术能使白内障合并角膜混浊患者的视力得到安全有效的提高。辅助技术如囊膜染色、虹膜拉钩、虹膜切除等的应用,能有效降低白内障合并角膜混浊患者的白内障手术风险,提高手术安全性,增加手术成功率。     

白内障摘出人工晶状体植入联合光学虹膜切除术的临床应用

目的:应用小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出+人工晶状体植入联合虹膜光学切除术(以下简称三联术)的方法治疗角膜混浊合并白内障,并评价其疗效。方法:选择角膜白斑、斑翳合并白内障患者13例18眼,根据角膜混浊程度、部位,设计虹膜光学切除部位。为患者施行三联手术治疗,观察术后视力恢复的情况,随访1～3mo。结果:术前视力:光感～数指12眼,<0.1者4眼,0.1～0.2者2眼。术后1wk,裸眼视力>0.3者12眼,>0.1者5眼,无改善者1眼。3mo后最佳矫正视力0.6,0.2～0.3以上的视力14眼,大部分视力不同程度的提高,全部脱盲。结论:小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出+人工晶状体植入联合虹膜光学切除术,可以一次性解决眼前段屈光间质混浊。与传统穿透性角膜移植联合白内障摘除术相比,三联术简化了手术操作,减少了角膜移植术后排斥反应等并发症,根据角膜混浊的程度、部位患者视力获得不同的恢复。三联术操作简单,安全性高,低成本低风险,值得推广。     

Evaluation of the practicality of optical biometry and applanation ultrasound in 253 eyes

PURPOSE: To evaluate the percentage of eyes that could not be measured using optical biometry and ultrasound applanation and the reasons. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Hospital, Mainz, Germany. METHODS: Optical biometry (IOLMaster, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) and A-scan ultrasound biometry were performed consecutively in 253 eyes scheduled for cataract surgery the next day. Lens opacities were evaluated with the Opacity Lensmeter (Interzeag), and a slitlamp examination and measurement of visual acuity were performed. The 2 techniques were compared in terms of the rate of and reasons for primary measurement failure. RESULTS: Measurement with the IOLMaster was not possible in 44 eyes (17%). Failed measurements were the result of a combination of low visual acuity and lens opacity in 45% of eyes, posterior subcapsular opacity in 25%, and macular disease in 7%. Measurement with ultrasound biometry was not possible in 10 eyes (4%); 7 eyes were filled with silicone oil and in 3 cases, the patient refused biometry. CONCLUSIONS: Optical biometry allowed comfortable, noncontact, high-precision measurement in the optical axis. Uncorrected visual acuity and lens opacity were predictors of successful measurements. Eyes with dense cataract or poor visual acuity are better evaluated using ultrasound applanation.     

年龄相关性白内障患者视觉质量与其晶状体区域密度的相关性

目的:研究证实Petacam系统与OQASⅡ视觉质量分析仪作为白内障客观分析仪器和帮助选择手术时机的价值.方法:研究对象为单纯年龄相关性白内障患者,排除角膜及眼底疾病,主觉验光后充分散瞳,接受OQASⅡ视觉质量分析仪测量客观散射指数(objective scatter index,OSI)及视觉质量指标调制传递函数截止频率(modulation transferfunction cut-off,MTF cut-off)值.用Pentacam系统检查测量瞳孔区前皮质、核及后囊下各区域密度.分析所得各项参数结果的相关性,并构造各个区域晶体密度与最佳矫正视力、OSI及MTF cut-off值的多元线性回归方程.结果:纳入患者69例共108眼.晶状体皮质及核的最大及平均密度均与最佳矫正视力、OSI及MTF cut-off值存在较好的相关性,且与OQAS所测得的OSI及MTF的相关性更大.通过分析所得到的多元线性回归方程,OSI是与密度相关性最大的指标,且最大密度值在各方程中占最大的影响;对于OSI和MTF,晶体核的最大密度是最重要的影响因素;同时在MTF和最佳矫正视力的影响中,皮质的混浊也占较大的比例.结论:晶体的前后皮质及晶体核,晶体任何区域的混浊都影响着视觉质量和视力.晶体核的密度在对OSI和MTF的影响中最大,皮质次之.OQASⅡ视觉质量分析仪可以作为混合性白内障客观分析仪器,其所测得的OSI是对晶体密度改变最敏感的指标,可作为辅助诊断白内障和选择手术时机的重要工具.     

Five-year change in visual acuity following cataract surgery in an older community: the Blue Mountains Eye Study

AIMS: To assess the change in visual acuity following cataract surgery in the Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES) population. Change in visual acuity was assessed by age, sex, baseline cataract type, and baseline visual acuity. METHODS: A 5-year prospective follow-up of the population-based BMES cohort, who were initially examined in 1992. After 5 years, 2335 survivors of 3654 (75.1%) baseline BMES participants were re-examined. Slit-lamp and retro-illumination lens photographs were graded for the presence of incident cataract and evidence of cataract surgery. Visual acuity was measured using a logMAR chart, read at 2.4 m. The main outcome measure was change in the number of logMAR letters correctly identified by eyes that underwent cataract surgery during the 5-year follow-up period. RESULTS: In a multiple linear regression model, age (P<0.0001) and early age-related maculopathy (ARM) at baseline (P<0.0001) were found to affect adversely the postoperative visual acuity following the cataract surgery. As expected, eyes with any baseline cataract showed the greatest improvement in visual acuity after cataract surgery (right eyes: mean +/- s.e. change of 3.75 +/- 1.34 letters; left eyes: mean change +/- s.e. of 6.7 +/- 0.99 letters). There was also a statistically significant improvement in vision after cataract surgery in eyes with no significant lens opacity graded as present at baseline (right eyes: mean +/- s.e. change of 3.78 +/- 1.85 letters; left eyes: mean change +/- s.e. of 2.68 +/- 1.33 letters). CONCLUSIONS: Age and baseline cataract or ARM status, and baseline visual acuity were determinants of the postoperative visual outcome in older persons who underwent cataract surgery in this community.     

Combined clear corneal phacoemulsification, vitreoretinal surgery, and intraocular lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the technical feasibility, outcome, and incidence of complications after combined clear corneal phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and vitreoretinal surgery. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Giessen, Germany. METHODS: The results of combined cataract and vitreoretinal surgery in 38 eyes (36 patients) were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had clinically significant lens opacities and vitreoretinal pathology requiring pars plana vitrectomy. Thirty-seven IOLs were implanted in the capsular bag, and 1 was sulcus fixated. RESULTS: Postoperatively, visual acuity improved in 20 eyes (52.6%), was unchanged in 16 (42.1%), and was worse in 2 (5.3%). Postoperative complications consisted of anterior chamber fibrin exudation (3 eyes), hyphema (2 eyes), vitreous hemorrhage (1 eye), posterior capsule opacification (16 eyes), neovascular glaucoma (2 eyes), proliferative vitreoretinopathy and redetachment (1 eye), and retinal redetachment after silicone oil removal (1 eye). CONCLUSION: Compared with 2 separate operations in patients with significant lens opacities and vitreoretinal pathology, combined cataract and vitreoretinal surgery provided more rapid visual rehabilitation. The visual outcome and complications depended primarily on underlying posterior segment pathology and were not related to the combined procedure technique.     

Killing two birds with one stone: the potential effect of cataract surgery on the incidence of primary angle-closure glaucoma in a high-risk population

Background: To estimate the proportion of cataract surgery performed at various visual acuity and lens opacity thresholds that would coincidentally treat early angle‐closure disease, and to estimate the effect of this surgery on the incidence of primary angle‐closure glaucoma. Design: Cross‐sectional, population‐based survey in Meiktila, Myanmar. Participants: Total of 2076 inhabitants, 40 years of age and over were included. Methods: Eyes with cataract‐induced visual impairment, and primary angle‐closure disease were identified. Analyses were stratified by various pinhole‐corrected visual acuity and Lens Opacity Classification System III scores thresholds. Main Outcome Measures: The dual role of cataract surgery in primary cataract treatment and primary angle‐closure glaucoma prevention was estimated. Results: Of 4153 eyes available for analysis, 261 eyes were either primary angle‐closure suspect or primary angle closure; 975 eyes had a visual acuity of <6/18 and Lens Opacity Classification System III score ≥3 on the nuclear or cortical scales. Of these, 86 eyes had either primary angle‐closure suspect or primary angle closure. If cataract surgery were performed on all 975 eyes, this would potentially prevent up to 86 cases of primary angle‐closure glaucoma in this population; 8.82% (95% confidence interval 7.12–10.78%) of the cataract surgery would address the cataract and prevent primary angle‐closure glaucoma. This would achieve a 38.46% (95% confidence interval 20.23–59.43%) relative reduction in the incidence of primary angle‐closure glaucoma in the adult population. Conclusion: In populations with a high prevalence of both visually significant cataract and angle‐closure disease, quality cataract extraction can serve a dual role of visual restoration and reducing the incidence of angle‐closure disease in the population: killing two birds with one stone.     

高度轴性近视白内障潜视力预测的准确性分析

目的:分析LAMBDA100视网膜计在预测高度轴性近视白内障超声乳化术后视力准确性及影响因素.方法:应用LAMBDA100视网膜计测定91例91眼高度轴性近视白内障患者的患眼视网膜视力,与术后2wk最佳矫正视力进行比较.预测视力与术后视力相差2行对数视力表以内为符合.结果:患者91例91眼预测的总符合率为62%,假阳性率2%,假阴性率36%.晶状体混浊度影响预测准确性,混浊愈重,准确度愈低.眼轴≥32mm预测准确度明显低于眼轴<32mm预测准确度,两组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05).术前最佳矫正视力≥4.0组预测准确率为75%,最佳矫正视力<4.0组为49%,两组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05).结论:对合并非成熟性白内障的高度近视患者,LAMBDA 100可以作为预测术后视力的辅助工具,眼轴、术前视力和白内障程度会影响预测的准确度.     

Outcome of cataract surgery in patients with retinitis pigmentosa

AIM: To determine the visual benefit of cataract extraction in patients with retinitis pigmentosa and to identify risk factors for poor outcome. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was undertaken of a continuous series of 142 eyes of 89 patients with retinitis pigmentosa undergoing cataract surgery between 1985 and 1997. RESULTS: Mean age at surgery was 47.5 years (range 24-81 years). In 100 eyes there was posterior subcapsular lens opacity alone, 37 eyes also had moderate nuclear sclerosis, and five had only nuclear sclerosis. All patients had central visual fields of <10 degrees. Overall, mean visual acuity improved from 1.05 (SD 0.38) preoperatively to 0.63 (SD 0.49) postoperatively on the logMAR scale. Significant postoperative capsular opacification occurred in 88/139 eyes (63%) and 45.1% required capsulotomy. Anterior capsulotomy was undertaken in 5/52 (9.6%) eyes undergoing phacoemulsification. Postoperative macular oedema was noted in 20 (14%) eyes. Visual acuity improved in 109 eyes (77%), was unchanged in 29 eyes (20.5%), and worsened after surgery in four eyes (2.5%). 86/89 patients reported major improvement of visual function. CONCLUSIONS: Cataract surgery for relatively minor lens opacities is beneficial in patients with retinitis pigmentosa, and most report subjective improvement of visual symptoms. The incidence of capsular opacification is high and anterior capsular contraction may occur. The number of eyes with poor vision due to macular oedema was unexpectedly low.     

Comparative Study of Hyperacuity and Retinometer Tests for the Evaluation of Vision in Patients with Advanced Cataract

Objective: To investigates the clinical application value of hyperacuity test for evaluating vision through dense cataracts.Methods: Ten normal subjects (20 years) were tested both with Bailey-Lovie type chart and three points vernier acuity test (one of the hyperacuity test) ; and retinometer test were performed preoperatively and postoperatively in 30 patients (31 eyes) with senile cataract. These patients' lens opacity was classified with LOGS III system.Results: The correlation of vernier acuity and visual acuity of normal subjects is significant. The result of difference compression of pre-surgical and post-surgical vernier acuity of 30 cataract patients is not significant. The correlation of retinometer findings with post-surgical visual acuity shows not statistically significant. Our result shows that there is good correlation between vernier acuity and post-surgical visual acuity.Conclusion: It appears that hyperacuity is a good test for foveal function behind dense cataract and other ocular opa     

Changes in the visual field caused by lens opacities

60 eyes with advanced opacity of the lens nucleus and a corrected visual acuity of at least 0.1 have been examined by Octopus perimetery before and after a cataract extraction with posterior chamber lens implantation. 20 eyes had chronic glaucoma with glaucomatous alterations of the optic nerve head. Our purpose was to determine the effect of lens opacities on the result of automated perimetry especially in view of glaucomatous field defects. The influence of the cataract on the differential light threshold in the whole field (30 degrees) area showed a wide variance. The calculated visual field indices loss variance (LV) and corrected loss variance (CLV) did not clearly separate glaucomatous from cataractous field changes. Often an exact analysis of the numerical printout of the visual field helps in finding of localized glaucomatous field defects.     

干涉条纹视力测定在高度近视者白内障术前检查的应用

目的评价激光干涉条纹视力(IVA)检测在预测高度近视者白内障术后潜在视力的可靠性及应用价值。设计前瞻性病例系列。研究对象49例(71眼)高度近视白内障患者(眼轴长度≥26.00 mm)。方法所有患者术前进行IVA检测,按LOCSII标准依晶状体核硬度将患者分为,甲组(60眼):晶状体核I～III级,乙组(10眼):晶状体核IV级,丙组(1眼):晶状体核V级;根据术前IVA值分为,A组(51眼):IVA≥0.4,B组(20眼):IVA<0.4。检测结果与患者术后1个月最佳矫正视力(BCVA)进行相关分析及检验,评价IVA检测在预测高度近视者白内障术后潜在视力的应用价值。主要指标IVA值、晶状体混浊程度及术后最佳矫正视力。结果 IVA预测高度近视者白内障术后视力相符率达71.8%;晶状体核硬度IV级及以下者(n=70)术前IVA值与术后BCVA呈显著相关性(r=0.677,P=0.000);IVA≥0.4者与术后BCVA的差异显著低于IVA<0.4者与术后BCVA的差异(χ2=9.906,P=0.002)。结论 IVA能比较准确地反映高度近视白内障患者潜在视功能,特别是对于晶状体核硬度IV级及以下、术前IVA≥0.4者。     

Propecia-associated bilateral cataract

A 43-year-old man presented suffering from decreasing vision in both eyes for 3 months. The patient's visual acuity was 6/20 (non-corrected) in the right eye and 6/10 (-1.75/-1.00 x 91) in the left. Ocular examination of both eyes revealed anterior subcapsular opacities of both lenses with the right eye being more severe than the left. He had been taking finasteride (Propecia; Merck, Sharp and Dohme) at 1 mg/day for 3 years to treat early stage of androgenic alopecia. It was highly suspected that finasteride was associated with the anterior subcapsular opacity on the lens, and the patient therefore discontinued use of finasteride. He underwent uneventful cataract extraction surgery and intraocular lens implantation of the right eye. One month after cataract surgery in the right eye, the best-corrected visual acuity was right 6/6 (-1.25) and left 6/10 (-2.00/-0.50 x 100). To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of Propecia-associated cataract.     

Phacoemulsification in posterior polar cataract: does size of lens opacity affect surgical outcome?

Background: To study the effect of size of the posterior polar opacity on surgical and visual outcome of phacoemulsification in posterior polar cataract. Setting: Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Methods: Consecutive patients with posterior polar cataract who underwent phacoemulsification were analysed for intraoperative complications and postoperative outcome. The continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis size was kept approximately 5.5 mm, and hydrodelineation was done instead of hydrodissection. Results: There were 58 eyes of 51 patients who underwent phacoemulsification for posterior polar cataract. The mean follow‐up time was 15.4 months (range 12–40 months). Twenty‐three eyes had size of polar opacities 4 mm or more in diameter whereas 35 eyes had less than 4 mm. Posterior capsule rupture occurred in nine eyes (15.51%). In eyes with polar opacities 4 mm or more, seven (30.43%) had posterior capsule rupture whereas in eyes with less than 4 mm size, only two (5.71%) had posterior capsule rupture. Capsular bag placement of intraocular lens (IOL) was achieved in 50 eyes and sulcus‐sulcus in eight eyes. Three‐piece hydrophobic acrylic IOL was implanted in 47 eyes and all polymethylmethacrylate IOL in 11 eyes. Postoperatively best‐corrected visual acuity of 6/12 or better was achieved in 55 eyes (94.8%) and three eyes achieved 6/24 or less. Conclusion: Phacoemulsification in eyes with larger size of polar opacity has significant risk of posterior capsule rupture.     

KTP激光治疗下泪小管吻合术后泪道阻塞的临床分析

目的：通过对Acrysof ReSTOR SA60D3多焦点人工晶状体植入和Acrysof SN60AT单焦点人工晶状体植入术后3a远近视力及拟调节力的对比研究,探讨Acrysof ReSTOR SA60D3多焦点人工晶状体中期的临床应用效果。

方法：对在同一时期接受白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入手术的年龄相关性白内障患者68例80眼进行回顾性分析。其中A组40眼植入Acrysof ReSTOR SA60D3多焦点人工晶状体,B组40眼植入Acrysof SN60AT单焦点人工晶状体。术后3a随访观察术眼的屈光状态,裸眼远、近视力,矫正远、近视力, 最佳远矫下近视力,对比敏感度,问卷调查视觉质量和满意度,术后脱镜率及并发症等。

结果：术中术后两组均无严重并发症。两组患者术后均有良好的远视力和最佳矫正近视力,差异无统计学意义; A组患者裸眼近视力明显优于B组,A组脱镜率达82%,B组脱镜率16%; 术后对比敏感度差异无统计学意义,术后视觉症状无明显差异,但是术后满意度A组明显高于B组。

结论：Acrysof ReSTOR SA60D3多焦点人工晶状体植入安全有效,可为患者同时提供良好的远、近视力,值得临床推广应用。     

Lens opacities after posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To describe a case series to determine the incidence of lens opacities after posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (STAAR Surgical, Monrovia, CA) for very high ametropias. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen eyes of 170 consecutive eyes with high ametropias in whom lens opacities developed after posterior chamber phakic IOL implant (PCPIOL). INTERVENTION: Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lens opacity appearance, localization, and clinical course. RESULTS: Fourteen eyes developed lens opacities 125 +/- 116 days after phakic IOL implant. All eyes had anterior subcapsular opacities, and two eyes also developed nuclear sclerosis. The anterior opacities did not extend posteriorly within the lens, and there were no posterior subcapsular cataracts. Seventy-one percent of opacities were first seen 相似文献