牙本质和牙髓中的神经机制和流体动力学理论的相互关系

作者研究了暴露牙本质的液体流动、化学药剂从口腔经牙本质小管到牙髓的弥散、牙本质的感觉传导机理及牙髓微循环状态间的相互关系。 将伊万氏染料作用于猫牙暴露牙本质0.5h并制备纵向磨片,观察结果证实染料在活体牙本质的渗透较拔下几小时后离体牙本质少得多。即使是在暴露牙本质表面下方的小管外端,活体牙全无渗透。而离体牙染料渗透到牙本质全层及下方的牙髓。对此最可能的解释是活体牙中被牙髓组织压所驱动的牙本质小管液     

Seal & Protect TM对牙本质作用的扫描电镜研究

目的　通过扫描电镜观察Seal&ProtectTM封闭人离体牙牙本质小管的效果 ,探讨作用机理。方法　选择新鲜的离体牙进行脱敏治疗 ,立即制备标本 ,进行扫描电镜观察其牙本质横纵断面的结构变化。结果　对照组牙本质表面凹凸不平 ,呈弹坑状 ,牙本质小管口完全暴露 ;实验组牙本质表面呈均匀一致状 ,大部分牙本质小管被封闭 ,极少数小管外露。结论　Seal&ProtectTM能有效地封闭牙本质小管 ,达到治疗牙本质过敏症的目的。     

氟离子导入对牙本质小管封闭作用的实验研究

目的通过体外实验研究氟离子导入对牙本质小管封闭的效果。方法制备牙本质模型5个。将模型沿中线一分为二,随机选取一侧作为对照组,另一侧作为实验组。模型用6%柠檬酸酸蚀后,实验组用氟离子导入仪进行处理,对照组不做处理。用扫描电镜观察两组相对应的4个区域,获取各区图像,每组各20个。所有图像由Image-ProPlus4.0图像分析软件测量牙本质小管的面积和相对面积,并对测量结果进行统计分析。结果对照组大部分牙本质小管开放,实验组多数牙本质小管完全或不完全封闭。两组的牙本质小管面积和相对面积有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论氟离子导入对于牙本质小管有一定封闭作用。     

氟离子导入法对过敏牙本质晶体构象影响的实验研究

目的：观察氟离子导入对过敏牙本质羟基磷灰石晶体构象的影响。方法：选取一只健康成年犬对称生长的14个恒牙,每组7个牙,左右同名牙对照。实验组用氟离子导入,对照组用去离子水导入。应用X射线衍射法检测牙本质晶体构象。结果：牙本质的无机成分主要为羟基磷灰石,氟离子导入后牙本质晶体结晶度更高,晶胞参数c差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。结论：氟离子导入法对过敏牙本质晶体结构有改善且效果较稳定。     

氟离子导入牙本质后氟含量测定的实验研究

我们利用电子探针测定氟离子导入牙本质后 ,牙本质表层及表层下的氟含量 ,以期探讨离子导入法对氟在牙本质中渗透性的影响 ,为氟离子导入法的脱敏疗效提供证据。一、材料和方法1.材料 :实验牙选自 2只健康成年恒河猴及 3名因正畸对称减数拔牙的志愿者 ,分别对称选择实验组及对照组牙各 3颗 ;2 %ＮａＦ水溶液为导入溶液。2 .方法 ;用喷水良好的涡轮钻于实验牙唇颊侧牙颈部制备Ⅴ类洞并用30 %Ｈ3 ＰＯ4 处理 1ｍｉｎ ,分别进行氟离子导入 (实验组 )和去离子水导入 (对照组 )。在 5 0 0倍下用电子探针在标本颊舌向剖面上由处理面向内等距离直线…     

二极管激光照射牙本质后的形态变化研究

目的:探讨用980 nm波长二极管激光照射牙本质表面后其形态变化,以了解二极管激光对牙本质表面的作用,辅助临床选择最佳治疗方案。方法:选择离体上下颌第三磨牙,垂直于牙体长轴磨除面釉质均匀暴露牙本质,并制成2 mm厚的牙本质片,将牙本质片划分为4个区域,每个区域12 mm2,用牙科二级管激光治疗仪分别以2、3、4 W照射牙本质片5 s,并重复一次。标本干燥喷金后扫描电镜观察牙本质形态变化。结果:3种能量均可封闭牙本质小管,并随能量密度增加牙本质小管封闭面积增加。但随着能量增加,管间牙本质的熔融程度增加。结论:使用980 nm波长二极管激光,在2 W,166 J/cm2能量密度时即可有效封闭牙本质小管口且可避免牙本质过度熔融,可以作为牙本质敏感症的治疗参数。     

氟离子对牙本质羟基磷灰石晶体构象的影响

目的:研究氟离子对牙本质羟基磷灰石晶体构象和氟含量的影响。方法:选取2只健康成年犬对称生长的28个恒牙,每组7个牙,左右同名牙对照。实验组氟离子导入,对照组氟化钠甘油涂擦,空白对照组1不做任何处理,空白对照组2去离子水导入。应用X射线衍射法和X射线荧光光谱法检测牙本质晶相和氟含量。结果:牙本质的无机成分主要为羟基磷灰石,与临床常用的氟化钠甘油涂擦法比较,氟离子导入后牙本质晶体结晶度改善更高,晶胞参数c差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。氟含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:氟离子对牙本质羟基磷灰石的晶体构象有影响。     

氟化物及再矿化物对牙本质小管封闭效果的研究

目的：探索氟化物及再矿化物对牙本质小管的封闭效果。方法：选择8个因正畸治疗拔除的前磨牙,制作牙本质暴露模型,分为4组,每组2个牙。空白对照组：牙本质暴露模型牙不作任何处理;单纯酸蚀组：离体牙模型涂320g/L正磷酸凝胶酸蚀1min后冲洗,林格氏液中保存;酸蚀序列给药组：离体牙模型经酸蚀后涂敷100g/L氟化钠凝胶1h,冲洗,吹干后涂敷再矿化凝胶1h,冲洗后置林格氏液中保存,每天一次,连续7d;非酸蚀序列给药组：按酸蚀序列给药组方法,只是序列给药前不进行酸蚀处理,每天一次,连续7d。然后应用扫描电镜观察各组标本牙横断面和纵面牙本质表面的形貌改变;应用电子能谱仪测量各实验面氟、磷、钙元素质量分布比例的变化。结果：扫描电镜图像可以看到酸蚀序列给药组及非酸蚀序列给药组的牙本质表面有大量矿物质堆积覆盖,且酸蚀序列给药组矿物质表面层均匀、厚实。电子能谱仪检测显示,横断面边缘点氟含量比例在非酸蚀序列给药组明显增高,纵面表面检测氟、钙元素的比例在酸蚀序列给药组及非酸蚀序列给药组均显著增高,以酸蚀序列给药组更显著。结论：对牙本质敏感症的治疗,若采用酸蚀--氟化物--再矿化物涂敷的治疗程序,氟元素可以向缺损面深层渗透,在暴露的牙本质上形成表面层,或者沉积,堵塞牙本质小管,从而使牙本质小管的封堵作用更加完善。     

氟钼酸铵溶液对牙本质小管封闭作用的观察

目的观察10%氟钼酸铵溶液对牙本质小管的封闭作用,探讨氟钼酸铵溶液治疗牙本质敏感症的可能机制.方法应用牙本质渗透实验及扫描电镜技术对21颗离体牙分别用10%氟钼酸铵溶液、去离子水及38%氟化氨银溶液处理,观察氟钼酸铵溶液局部应用不同作用时间牙本质小管封闭情况.结果10%氟钼酸铵与38%氟化氨银均可封闭牙本质小管,其封闭效果随作用时间的延长而增强.结论10%氟钼酸铵溶液有明显封闭牙本质小管作用,且随作用时间延长而增加.     

氟钾酚醛树脂脱敏剂封闭牙本质小管的扫描电镜观察

目的 通过扫描电镜观察,探讨新型脱敏剂氟钾酚醛树脂对牙本质小管的封闭作用及其抗洗刷能力,为其用于临床脱敏治疗提供理论依据.方法 收集36颗无龋坏、无缺损、新鲜离体正畸前磨牙,制备成牙本质盘标本,随机分为A、B、C3组,每组12颗,A组不做处理,B组和C组分别使用酚醛树脂液和氟钾酚醛树脂液对暴露的牙本质表面进行处理.每组取4颗牙进行刷牙实验,然后劈开离体牙,用扫描电镜分别对牙本质表面和纵剖面进行观察,并用Image-proplus 6.0图像分析软件量化分析.结果 B组和C组标本均能在牙本质表面形成有效封闭,2组间的牙本质小管面积及相对面积差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),并且2组脱敏剂都能渗入牙本质小管内达一定深度,C组渗入深度明显大于B组(P＜0.05),刷牙试验后,C组牙本质表面的封闭性明显优于B组(P＜0.05).结论 酚醛树脂脱敏剂和氟钾酚醛树脂脱敏剂都能取得封闭牙本质小管的效果,而氟钾酚醛树脂脱敏剂的封闭性和抗洗刷能力更强.     

氟化钠与脉冲Nd:YAG激光联合应用对牙本质小管封闭作用的实验研究

目的 探讨氟化钠与脉冲Nd:YAG激光联合应用对牙本质小管封闭作用。方法 观察氟化钠、脉冲Nd:YAG激光及两者联合应用后,牙本质小管的形貌特征及变化。结果SEM下,联合应用组的大部分小管熔融封闭,而NaF处理组的牙本质小管开放。牙本质小管口的相对面积各组之间的差异均有显著性（P<0.05）。结论 氟化钠与激光联合应用具有良好的封闭牙本质小管的作用,优于单用激光组。其封闭效果能够耐受机械性刷洗的影响。     

The combined occluding effect of sodium fluoride varnish and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on human dentinal tubules.

Various methods and materials used in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity are thought to achieve a therapeutic benefit by tubule occlusion. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the combined occluding effect of sodium fluoride varnish and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on human dentinal tubules. Thirty-six dentin specimens with exposed dentinal tubule orifices were used in this study. The samples were randomly divided into four groups. Groups A, B, and C were varnished by sodium fluoride, whereas group D served as a control. Then, group C was lased by 30 mJ of Nd:YAG laser, 10 pulses/s for 2 min by light painting. Three hours later, groups B and C were brushed by an electrical toothbrush for 30 min. Under SEM observation, the control group showed numerous exposed dentinal tubule orifices, and the sodium fluoride varnished specimens showed closure of exposed dentinal tubule orifices. After electrical toothbrushing, most of the sodium fluoride varnish was brushed away, except in the specimens that were irradiated by Nd:YAG laser. Over 90% of the dentinal tubule orifices were occluded by sodium fluoride varnish combined with Nd:YAG laser irradiation.     

Effect of fluoride iontophoresis on the microtensile bond strength between dentin and two adhesive systems

AIM: To evaluate the effect of fluoride iontophoresis on the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) between coronal dentin and two resin-based adhesive systems, and to measure quantitatively dentinal tubule occlusion. METHODS: Twelve freshly extracted intact human mandibular third molars were divided randomly into four groups. The superficial occlusal dentin of each tooth was exposed and treated. Group A1: One-Step Plus total-etch adhesive system; group A2: One-Step Plus total-etch adhesive system after fluoride iontophoresis; group B1: ACE BOND SE self-etching adhesive system; group B2: ACE BOND SE self-etching adhesive system after fluoride iontophoresis. A resin composite buildup was made for each tooth, which was then sectioned along its long axis to produce 10 beams (1.0mmx1.0mm) for the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) test. Five dentin disks were cut in half and their occlusal surfaces etched with 6% citric acid. The test halves were treated with fluoride iontophoresis. Four SEM photomicrographs were taken from corresponding sites on each test and each non-treated control half-disk. Image-Pro Plus 4 software quantified the percentage of tubule occlusion. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, chi(2)- and t-tests, with the probability level set at alpha=0.05. RESULTS: The mean MTBS (MPa) for each group was, A1: 30.86 (S.D. 6.84); A2: 25.04 (8.49); B1: 19.22 (6.88); B2: 19.40 (6.92). There were significant differences among all groups (P相似文献   

不同氟离子导入条件对牙本质小管的封闭作用

目的通过体外实验研究导人氟离子的不同条件对牙本质小管封闭的效果。方法制备牙本质模型45个,每组5个共9组,其中正常牙本质组仅用打磨处理,其余8组模型用6％柠檬酸酸蚀后,除1个脱矿组之外,7个再矿化组用NF-Ⅱ型护齿仪在不同的电流、时间利NaF浓度下进行氟离子导入处理。扫描电镜观察各组牙本质模型表面及纵断面的形貌,将观测结果进行统计分析;另外,对钙、磷元素含量进行能量色散X射线分析。结果脱矿组大部分牙本质小管开放,再矿化组牙本质小管内可见明显的矿化物沉积,各组的牙本质小管面积和相对面积有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;而能量色散X射线分析显示脱矿组与再矿化各组表面钙磷比无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论NF-Ⅱ型护齿仪的氟离子导入对于牙本质小管有一定封闭作用,在本实验条件下,牙本质再矿化的最佳电流为0．1mA或0．3mA,最佳时间为6min,最佳的NaF浓度为1％。     

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目的探讨Er:YAG激光与Gluma脱敏剂联合应用对牙本质小管的封闭作用。方法选取2010年3—6月于山西医科大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科因正畸拔除的24颗前磨牙,制成厚约2mm的牙本质片。根据其表面处理方式的不同随机分为4组:对照组、Er:YAG激光组、Gluma脱敏剂组、联合应用组(Er:YAG激光联合Gluma脱敏剂),每组6颗前磨牙。处理后,扫描电镜观察各组牙本质小管形态特征,并测量牙本质小管口的直径和相对面积。结果联合应用组中牙本质小管口的直径和相对面积均明显小于其他各组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 Gluma和Er:YAG联合应用对牙本质小管的封闭作用优于单独应用Gluma脱敏剂或Er:YAG激光。     

激光促进氟保护漆对牙本质小管的封闭作用

目的 探讨Nd:YAG激光与氟保护漆联合应用对牙本质小管的封闭作用。方法 将24个牙本质块随机分为A、B、C、D4组,均用37%H3PO4处理表面。A组作为对照。B、C、D组均涂以一薄层氟保护漆,然后D组标本经Nd:YAG激光照射。以正常刷牙力度同时刷C、D2组牙本质块10min。所有标本以扫描电镜（scanning electron microscope,SEM）观察并照相。结果 A组显示大量牙本质小管口开放,管口直径约2～3um。B组显示牙本质表面被氟保护漆均匀覆盖。C组显示氟保护漆大部分被刷去。D组显示仍有超过80%的牙本质小管口被氟保护漆所封闭。结论 在同样的刷牙条件下,将Nd:YAG激光与氟保护漆联合应用,仍有大部分牙本质小管口被封闭。     

Practical considerations in iontophoresis of fluoride for desensitizing dentin.

A review of the literature on treatment of dentin hypersensitivity by use of fluorides and fluoride iontophoresis was presented. It was concluded that topical applications of fluoride are modestly effective for treatment of dentin hypersensitivity, but the most rapid and effective relief follows fluoride iontophoresis. This technique has a broad application in dental practice since fluoride iontophoresis was shown to be an effective desenitizer in cavity preparation, before cementation of restorations, and in cases of occlusal wear and enamel hypoplasia. The report also presents a new and effective method for the iontophoresis of fluoride for dentin desensitization.     

Occlusion of dentin tubules by desensitizing agents

PURPOSE: To evaluate the occluding effect of five desensitizing agents on human dentin tubules. METHODS: 30 buccal and lingual surfaces were prepared from 15 extracted intact third molars. Each surface was polished with aluminum oxide abrasive papers to remove enamel and to expose the underlying dentin in cervical area. The flat dentin surfaces were treated with 0.5 M EDTA for 2 minutes to expose dentin tubule orifices. The samples were randomly divided into six groups: AS - immersed in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C for 2 weeks (control); OX - Oxagel (monopotassium oxalate), DU - Duraphat (sodium fluoride), DE - Desensibilize (strontium chloride), OD - Odahcam (acidulated phosphate fluoride) and SE - Sensodyne (strontium chloride + calcium carbonate abrasive). Dentin desensitizers were applied during 2 weeks and after each application the samples were kept in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C. The samples were prepared according to the scanning electron microscope procedures and were examined at x2000 magnification. RESULTS: The results were expressed in percent (%) of tubule occlusion and analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test (P < 0.05): AS- 45.41 +/- 11.65a; OX- 42.65 +/- 11.79a; DU- 47.25 +/- 8.59ab; DE- 49.36 +/- 18.27ab; OD- 64.43 +/- 15.55b and SE- 65.44 +/- 10.93b. Results suggest that the dentin surfaces treated with OD and SE showed higher tubule occlusion when compared to AS and OX, but were not different compared to DU and DE treatments.