HIV,syphilis and heterosexual bridging among Peruvian men who have sex with men

OBJECTIVES: To determine prevalence of and risk factors associated with HIV and syphilis seropositivity and estimate incidence of HIV infection among Peruvian men who have sex with men (MSM) and characterize behaviors of men who report sex with both men and women ('bridgers'). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of MSM in Lima, Peru. METHODS: Four-hundred and fifty-one MSM (of whom 442 responded to the question regarding sexual orientation) recruited through street outreach. Each was interviewed and underwent serologic testing for syphilis and HIV, including the less sensitive enzyme immunoassay test to estimate HIV incidence. RESULTS: Overall, HIV and syphilis prevalence were 18.5% and 16.0%, respectively, with highest prevalence among cross-dressers (33.3% and 51.1%, respectively). The estimated overall HIV seroincidence was 11.2% per year (95% confidence interval, 4.8-23.6). Overall, 47.1% of men reported ever having sex with a woman: 78.6% of men self-identifying as heterosexuals, 85.1% of bisexuals, 35.5% of homosexuals, and 12.5% of cross-dressers. Of these, 26.5% were 'bridgers', of whom 55% reported two or more female partners during the last year. 'Bridgers' were less likely to have always used condoms during the past year for vaginal sex (17%) than for insertive anal sex with men (25.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Among MSM in Peru, HIV and syphilis prevalence and HIV incidence were high, especially among cross-dressers. The high prevalence of bisexuality and low rates of consistent condom use, especially with female sexual partners indicates potential HIV transmission into the heterosexual population.     

Increasing hepatitis B vaccination among young African-American men who have sex with men: simple answers and difficult solutions

Using a bar-based sample, we identified factors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination among young African American men who have sex with men (MSM). The mean (+/- standard deviation [SD]) age of the 170 participants was 26 +/- 6.5 years. Nearly 40% reported at least one dose of vaccine; the remainder were completely unvaccinated. Approximately 22% (37) reported having never heard of HBV. Less than 7% of participants reported using condoms the majority of the time during oral intercourse within the past 3 months, and approximately 50% reported using condoms the majority of the time during anal intercourse within the past 3 months. In multivariable analysis, variables associated with vaccination were younger age (odds ratio [OR], 0.44 per 10-year increase in age; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21-0.93, p = 0.032), higher educational attainment (OR, 4.6; 95% CI: 1.17-12.59, p = 0.003), homosexual as opposed to bisexual behavior (OR, 0.15; 95% CI: 0.06-0.41, p = 0.0001), and recent visits to a health care provider (OR, 4.31; 95% CI: 2.08-8.94, p = 0.0001). Our findings underscore the need to reach MSM for HBV vaccination. Innovative approaches are necessary to ensure the prevention of infection, transmission and disease among individuals with limited education, bisexual MSM, and men who have limited access to health care.     

男男性接触者异性性行为特征的调查研究

目的了解男男性接触者异性性行为的特征及其影响因素。方法于2005年7～11月，在北京市招募男男性接触者进行问卷调查，内容包括社会人口学和高危性行为特征。结果在526名男男性接触者中，10．6％（56／526）的人在近6个月与女性发生过性关系，其中有8．2％（43／526）和4．4％（23／526）的人分别与配偶／固定女性性伴和临时女性性伴发生过性行为，其与配偶／固定女性性伴和临时女性性伴发生阴道性交时，100％使用安全套的比例分别为32．6％（14／43）和34，8％（8／23）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，结婚／与女朋友同居（OR=9．6，95％C13．8～24．4）、首次性交对象为女性（0R=9．7，95％C14，7～20．0），近6个月有固定男性性伴（0R=0，4，95％C10．2～0．8）、近6个月向同性卖淫（0R=5．0；95％C12．0～12．3）、近6个月每月饮酒（OR=3．8；95％C11，8～8，2）与男男性接触者近6个月发生异性性行为的关系有统计学意义。结论男男性接触者是HIV传播的桥梁人群，需要加大对该人群的干预力度，以控制HIV通过该人群向女性人群扩散。     

Outbreak of hepatitis A among men who have sex with men: implications for hepatitis A vaccination strategies

Between November 1998 and May 1999, 136 cases of hepatitis A were reported in Columbus, Ohio. Eighty-nine (65%) case patients were reinterviewed. Of 74 male case patients, 47 (66%) were men who have sex with men (MSM). These 47 MSM were compared with 88 MSM control subjects, to identify risk factors for infection and potential opportunities for vaccination. During the exposure period, 6 (13%) case patients reported contact with a person who had hepatitis A, compared with 2 (2%) control subjects (odds ratio, 6.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-48.02); neither number of sex partners nor any sex practice was associated with illness. Most case patients and control subjects (68% and 77%, respectively) saw a health care provider at least annually, and 93% of control subjects reported a willingness to receive hepatitis A vaccine. MSM are accessible and amenable to vaccination; increased efforts are needed to provide vaccination, regardless of reported sex practices.     

Sex with older partners,condomless anal sex and unrecognized HIV infection among Chinese men who have sex with men

We examined the prevalence of sex with older male partner (SWOMP) and its association with condomless anal intercourse (CAI) with male partners and unrecognized HIV infection among young men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shanghai, China. The analytic sample included 243 MSM who were 18–45 years and HIV negative or of unknown HIV serostatus. Older male partner refers to male sex partner who was at least 10 years older than themselves. Overall, 99 (43.0%) and 50 (20.7%) reported having SWOMP in lifetime and in the last 3 months, respectively. Having any CAI with male partners in the last 3 months was independently associated with SWOMP and sex with stable male partners in the last 3 months. Unrecognized HIV infection was independently associated with being HSV-2 positive and having any CAI with male partners as well as SWOMP in last 3 months. Sex with stable male partner in the last 3 months was also marginally significantly associated with unrecognized infection (p?=?0.084). Older partner selection is common among young MSM in China. Prevention programs should incorporate education messages about the HIV risk associated with SWOMP. MSM should be informed that having condomless sex with stable partners may place them at HIV risk.     

男男性行为人群甲型肝炎流行情况研究进展

[摘要]?甲型肝炎（甲肝）是由甲肝病毒（hepatitis A virus, HAV）引起的急性病毒性肝炎,主要经粪-口途径传播。自20世纪末甲肝疫苗出现,全球不同国家和地区甲肝发病率大大降低。但近年欧洲许多国家和美洲、亚洲、大洋洲的一些国家或地区均发生甲肝暴发,主要发病的人群为男男性行为者（men who have sex with men, MSM）,不同国家和地区MSM人群的HAV毒株存在关联,引起广泛关注。本文对甲肝在MSM人群中的流行情况进行综述,并探讨相关防控措施。     

Outbreak of hepatitis A virus infection among men who have sex with men

We have recently encountered an outbreak of hepatitis A in Tokyo. Between July 1998 and November 1999, 21 patients were treated at our hospital. They were all male and 18 patients (86%) had had sex with men (MSM). About a half of the patients were seropositive for syphilis, hepatitis B and HIV. The VP1/2A region could be amplified by nested PCR in 6 of the 21 patients. They had the same sequences and were grouped into genotype IA. Homosexual activity should be kept in mind as a leading risk factor for hepatitis A in the recent Japanese population.     

深圳地区MSM性伴数量及影响因素分析

目的了解深圳地区男男性行为人群（MSM）性伴数量,分析其影响因素。方法应用同伴推动抽样（RDS）法进行抽样调查,收集MsM人群人口学和性伴数等资料。用SAS软件对数据进行Poisson回归分析。结果共抽样调查351例MSM。最近半年,仅31．4％MSM没有肛交性伴或保持单一性伴,25．9％没有口交性伴或保持单一性伴：28．5％有女性性伴,其中11．4％有多个女性性伴。职业为娱乐场所从业人员和曾做过男男性工作者（MB）,是MSM肛交性伴数和口交性伴数的共同危险因素。除此之外,HIV风险感知越高,艾滋病知识得分越高,MSM口交性伴数越多。结论对该人群有针对性的干预行动已刻不容缓,以有效阻断HIV传播和蔓延。     

Depression and HIV risk behavior among Seattle-area injection drug users and young men who have sex with men.

Psychological depression has been identified as a condition that may influence HIV risk behavior among injection drug users (IDUs) and men who have sex with men (MSM). In two Seattle studies, 1,228 IDUs and 429 young MSM completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); the relationship between depression and injection and sexual risk behavior was assessed using logistic regression analysis. Forty-seven percent of IDUs had CES-D scores > or = 23; a high score was significantly related to injection with a syringe used by another IDU (adjusted odds ratio 1.4) but not other injection risk behavior. Among MSM, CES-D scores > or = 16 were related to reporting 3 or more sex partners in the last 6 months but not to other sexual risk behavior. This analysis suggests that psychological depression may influence certain HIV risk behavior in young MSM and IDUs, and that interventions addressing depression may be indicated.     

Seeking sex partners through the internet and mobile phone applications among men who have sex with men in Taiwan

It has become popular for men who have sex with men (MSM) to use mobile-phone geosocial networking applications (mobile apps) to find sex partners. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Taiwan to compare the sexual and substance-use behaviors of MSM seeking sex partners through the internet and mobile apps. Of the 1060 participants, 65.8% used the internet via computer and 37.7% used a mobile app to find sexual partners, while 30.3% used recreational drugs or alcohol in the previous 6 months. MSM who exclusively used mobile apps to seek sex partners were significantly more likely than MSM seeking sex via computer to be older, to have used recreational drugs or alcohol, and to have sex with HIV-positive partners. Additionally, using mobile apps to seek sex partners was significantly associated with having sex with online partners through either mobile apps or computer-based internet use (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 7.12 [3.87–13.11]), self-reporting as HIV-positive (AOR, 2.24 [1.12–4.12]), using recreational drugs (AOR, 1.67 [1.21–2.32]), having disclosed HIV status to sexual partners (AOR, 1.44 [1.03–2.02]), and having sex with HIV-positive partners (AOR, 1.81 [1.06–3.10]). In conclusion, the mobile apps may serve as a feasible platform for HIV-positive MSM to find other HIV-positive partners.     

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus among San Francisco injection drug users, 1998 to 2000

Previous studies suggest that most injection drug users (IDUs) become infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) soon after initiating drug use. The Urban Health Study (UHS) recruited serial cross-sections of IDUs in the San Francisco Bay area from 1986 to 2005. In the current study, we determined the prevalence of antibody to HCV and HBV (core) among UHS participants during 1998 to 2000. To examine whether the time from onset of injection to acquisition of viral hepatitis has increased, we also compared the findings among recent (<10 years) initiates to drug use who participated during 1998-2000 with those who participated in 1987. Of 2,296 IDUs who participated during 1998-2000, 91.1% had antibody to HCV and 80.5% to HBV. The number of years a person had injected drugs strongly predicted infection with either virus (P(trend) < 0.0001). HCV seroprevalence among recent initiates in 1998-2000, by years of injection drug use, was: 相似文献   

某市MSM异性性行为情况及影响因素分析

目的了解某市男男性行为人群（MSM）的异性性行为情况及其影响因素。方法采用滚雪球法招募MSM,对符合条件的MSM进行问卷调查,内容包括社会人口学和高危性行为特征。结果共调查957名MSM,近6个月中,19.9%（190/957）与女性发生过性行为,35.0%（63/180）有两个及以上异性性伴,坚持每次使用安全套的比例38.7%（72/186）;16.6%（159/957）与男性及女性均发生过性行为。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,已婚或同居[比值比（OR）=9.67,95%可信区间（CI）：4.94～18.90]、月收入较高（OR=2.26,95%CI：1.48～3.43）、性取向双性或异性（OR=5.32,95%CI：3.27～8.66）、首次性交对象为女性（OR=3.21,95%CI：1.81～5.71）、首次男男性交至今的年数≥5年（OR=1.68,95%CI：0.92～3.05）、近6个月有多个男性性伴（OR=8.06,95%CI：3.59～18.14）、近6个月向同性卖性（OR=3.25,95%CI：1.65～6.42）,是MSM发生异性性行为的危险因素。已婚或同居（OR=2.05,95%CI：0.92～4.57）、近6个月与男性性交时不能坚持每次使用安全套（OR=7.54,95%CI：3.39～16.78）的MSM,与异性性交时更倾向于不使用安全套;近6个月向同性买性（OR=0.30,95%CI：0.09～1.03）的MSM,与异性性交时更倾向于使用安全套。结论某市MSM中异性性行为的比例较高,安全套使用比例较低,应从社会及家庭的角度加以防治,以控制艾滋病病毒通过该人群向女性人群扩散。     

Low vaccination coverage for human papillomavirus disease among young men who have sex with men,France, 2019

BackgroundIn France, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has been recommended in 2016 for men who have sex with men (MSM) up to age 26 years.AimWe aimed to estimate HPV vaccine coverage in 18–28 year-old MSM and identify uptake determinants.MethodsWe collected data on socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviour, sexually transmitted diseases (STI) screening and vaccination uptake using a voluntary cross-sectional online survey conducted in 2019 targeting MSM. We calculated coverage of at least one dose of HPV vaccine and prevalence ratios (PR) of determinants with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Poisson regression.ResultsOf 9,469 respondents (age range: 18–28 years), 15% (95% CI: 14–16) reported being vaccinated for HPV. Coverage was significantly higher among MSM < 24 years (PR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.13–1.39), with education level below university degree (PR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.08–1.32), living in rural areas (PR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.08–1.36), attending sex parties (PR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.03–1.33), using HIV-related biomedical prevention methods (PR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.12–1.54), with STI diagnosis (PR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.08–1.38) and with hepatitis A or B vaccination (PR: 4.56; 95% CI: 3.63–5.81 vs PR: 3.35; 95% CI: 2.53–4.44).ConclusionsThe HPV vaccination uptake among MSM in France was not satisfactory. It was higher among MSM benefitting from other vaccinations and biomedical preventive methods against HIV, suggesting a synergistic effect of the national preventive sexual health recommendations for MSM. Further efforts to improve HPV vaccination coverage targeting MSM are warranted.     

Delay-discounting among homeless,out-of-treatment,substance-dependent men who have sex with men

Background: Impulsivity is associated with substance use; however, to date, impulsivity has not been characterized among a sample of homeless, non-treatment seeking, substance-dependent men who have sex with men (MSM). Objectives: The aim of this study was to utilize the delay-discounting instrument to assess impulsive behaviors among a subsample of homeless, non-treatment seeking, substance-dependent men who have sex with men (S-D MSM) enrolled in a randomized, controlled, contingency management (CM) trial. Methods: Twenty S-D MSM participants from the CM parent study were matched on age and ethnicity to 20 non-substance-dependent, non-homeless control participants using propensity scores (N = 40) and were administered the delay-discounting procedure. Results: Although discounting values decreased rapidly with time in both groups, the S-D MSM participants consistently discounted rewards more steeply than controls (p = .05), particularly at all intermediate measured timeframes. The S-D MSM participants also presented greater median discounting rates (k values) compared with the control group (m_{S-D MSM} = 2.39 (SD = 3.72) vs. m_ctrl = 1.27 (SD = 3.71), p ≤ .01). Conclusion: This work extends existing findings of increased delay-discounting among substance-dependent individuals to homeless, substance-dependent, non-treatment seeking MSM. Scientific Significance: A better understanding of the prevalence of delay-discounting type behaviors among homeless, substance-dependent MSM can be used to inform the development of tailored substance abuse interventions for this high-risk population.