一种基于Internet的多生理参数远程监护系统

介绍一种新的基于Internet的家庭多生理参数远程监护系统。该系统由多生理信号采集器、PC机、中央服务器组成,系统运行采用客户／服务器(C／S)模式结合对等网络(P2P)模式的混合模式。运用本系统可以对人体多种生理参数进行实时采集、分析与监护,并可以进行远程实时传输,实现远程监护与诊断功能,适合于社区和家庭中推广使用。     

远程生理参数监护系统的设计

本文介绍了远程监护技术的概念、意义及特点,阐述了自行构建的远程生理参数嘛护系统的架构、主要功能、监测项目及参数,指出未来远程监护技术在家庭护理领域具有良好的应用前景。     

穿戴式多生理参数监测系统的研究

本文研究了一种穿戴式多生理参数监测系统,作为家庭助理机器人生理监护终端,能够实现对心电,血糖,血压,体温等生理参数的无创监测。本系统以家庭应用为中心,体积小,使用方便,灵活,对提高家庭健康保健水平及突发性疾病的急救起着积极促进作用。     

无创心血管功能参数检测仪的研制

该研究基于光电容积脉搏波描记术(PPG)和nRF52832微控制器,设计了一种无创心血管功能参数检测仪,其具有使用方便、实时无创检测、低功耗等特点,实现了PPG信号采集、心血管功能参数计算等功能,不仅可应用于临床,更适用于社区及家庭。现主要介绍该检测仪的整体框架方案、硬件设计、算法软件设计。     

基于Android的慢阻肺管理系统的研发

目的:设计一款基于Android的慢阻肺管理系统,为患者提供诊断、自我管理及远程监护等功能.方法:该系统由便携式多参数肺功能仪、医生Android端、患者Android端及服务器组成.其中Android端采用Android Studio开发平台,通过Java语言编程搭建,整个系统采用MVP(Model-View-Pre...     

基于无线Internet的嵌入式多生理参数监护仪的研制

目的：研制具有无线远程传输能力、功耗低、体积小、价格低的多生理参数监护仪。方法：把嵌入式和移动通信技术相结合，采用基于ARM9核的S3C2410为主芯片，ARM—Linux为嵌入式操作系统，SIM300为GPRS通信模块接入Internet，来实现多生理参数无线远程传输。结果：实现了基于GPRS的嵌入式多生理参数远程监护系统。结论：该仪器体积小巧，易扩展，且数据传输稳定、可靠，便于远程监护和数据共享。     

统计参数图在Bold—fMRI研究中的应用评价

目的：探讨统计参数图在Bold—fMRI研究中的应用价值。方法：对87例被试者的脑功能数据用统计参数图软件包离线处理，经过一系列的预处理和统计分析，得到脑激活统计参数图．研究激活区与解剖功能区的对应关系．并生成各种量化分析数据进行统计学处理。结果：正常对照组被试数据经统计参数图后处理结果符合诊断要求的百分率大于异常被试组。结论：统计参数图内置多项预处理步骤．可较有效地排除或减弱被试者的头动、心跳、呼吸及MRI设备系统噪声等干扰因素造成的伪影／影响．有效的预处理在肢体运动功能异常者的Bold—fMRI数据处理中起了至关重要的作用，是确保Bold—fMRI激活结果灵敏性和可靠性的关键手段。     

应用互联网平台对肿瘤患者化疗整体调护作用的研究

目的研究如何通过互联网对化疗期间肿瘤患者进行"医院—社区—家庭"综合管理,给予患者优质延续治疗,提高患者化疗依从性。方法基于互联网建立综合管理模式,将三级甲等医院医生、社区医院、患者及家属运用互联网平台联系在一起,针对患者化疗间期延续治疗中出现的问题进行系统诊疗。结果通过互联网平台帮助的肿瘤患者其社区诊疗意愿及化疗依从性高于对照组(P0.05)。结论 "医院—社区—家庭"互联网综合管理模式,可使肿瘤患者于化疗期间得到系统调护,确保肿瘤患者整体化疗周期完整,从而降低肿瘤的复发率和病死率。     

基于PDSA的多参数监护仪使用维护管理

为加强多参数监护仪的管理,该研究基于PDSA通过分析医院2018—2020年多参数监护仪的报修情况,制定针对性整改计划并实施.实践证明,基于PDSA的多参数监护仪使用维护管理可以降低多参数监护仪的报修率,确保使用安全.     

基于RFID的人体生理参数测量系统的研究

目的：研究设计基于射频识别（RFID）技术的可对普通患者的生理参数自动测量的系统。方法：将传感器技术、无线网络技术与RFID技术三者结合起来,通过系统功能模块各部分的连接及软硬件设计,实现可对普通患者的多项生理参数进行自动测量的系统。结果：利用RFID技术,构建了基于RFID的人体生理参数测量系统。结论：该系统具有使用方便、成本低、功耗低等优点,有广阔的应用前景。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

The occurrence of antimicrobial substances in toilet,sink and shower drainpipes of clinical units: A neglected source of antibiotic residues

Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L^?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L^?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.