颈动脉粥样硬化斑块及其危险因素与脑梗死的关系

目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化斑块及其危险因素与脑梗死的关系。方法选择我院65例脑梗死患者（脑梗死组）及70例非脑梗死患者和正常体检者（对照组）行颈部血管超声和血液生化检查，比较两组患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的部位、数目、性质、颈动脉内径及脑梗死危险因素间的差异。结果两组研究对象颈动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率、左、右颈总动脉内径间差异均有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。粥样硬化斑块位于颈总动脉最多（77．5％），其次是颈总动脉分叉处（15．0％），颈内动脉颅外段最少（7．5％）。斑块部位与脑梗死部位有显著同侧相关性（P〈0．05）。两组研究对象年龄、合并高血压、糖尿病、代谢综合征间差异间均有非常显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死发生有密切关系，年龄、高血压、糖尿病、代谢综合征为脑梗死的危险因素，对颈动脉硬化斑块及其危险因素控制有重要临床意义。     

脑梗死患者颈动脉斑块与相关因素分析

目的探讨脑梗死患者有无颈动脉斑块与各相关因素之间的关系。方法选择经颈动脉血管超声检查的急性脑梗死患者546例,根据超声结果分为斑块组398例,无斑块组148例。分析2组患者与血管危险因素、脑卒中类型之间的关系。结果脑梗死患者颈部血管斑块发生率较高,占72.89%。与无斑块组比较,斑块组患者发病年龄、吸烟、脑卒中、血压、高敏C反应蛋白、糖尿病、脂蛋白(a)、全部前循环及部分后循环脑梗死明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。logistic回归分析显示,吸烟、脑卒中、高敏C反应蛋白≥1.74 mg/L、高血压、收缩压≥140 mmHg是脑梗死的危险因素。结论动脉粥样硬化是脑梗死的主要原因,年龄、高血压、高敏C反应蛋白升高是脑梗死的独立危险因素,危险因素的干预对预防脑血管病非常必要。     

颈动脉粥样硬化与脑梗死的关系探讨

目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化(CAA)与脑梗死的关系。方法对76例脑梗死病人和78例非脑梗死病人行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声仪检查,分析入选者高血压病病史、糖尿病病史及吸烟史与CAA斑块发生率的关系。结果 CAA斑块在脑梗死组的发生率明显高于非脑梗死组(56.6%vs 35.9%,P<0.05);高血压、糖尿病及吸烟的病人在斑块组中所占的比例明显高于非斑块组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论颈动脉粥样硬化与脑梗死的发生具有明显的相关性,斑块的形成与高血压病、糖尿病及吸烟等危险因素相关。     

老年人颈动脉斑块形态学特点与心血管危险因素的相关性研究

目的 探讨老年人颈动脉狭窄程度及颈动脉斑块的形态学特点与心血管危险因素间的相关性.方法 选择我院行脑血管造影检查的老年患者321例,年龄60～83岁,参考颈动脉彩色超声检查结果,分为颈动脉粥样硬化组(斑块组)和颈动脉正常对照组,分析与年龄、性别、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、尿酸、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、饮酒等心血管病危险因素的相关性.斑块组按颈动脉狭窄程度、斑块表面光顺度等与心血管危险因素进行相关性分析.并随访1年,前瞻性分析各亚组患者心、脑血管事件发生情况.结果 斑块组256例,对照组65例,斑块组TC、LDL-C、尿酸、CRP、吸烟、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病等心血管危险因素均高于对照组;在亚组分析中,年龄、吸烟和糖尿病与颈动脉狭窄程度呈正相关,而CRP、LDL-C、吸烟、糖尿病与颈动脉斑块表面光顺度相关.斑块组46例(18.0%)发生脑血管事件,32例(12.5%)发生心血管事件,颈动脉狭窄程度与脑血管事件呈正相关,而与心血管事件发生差异无统计学意义.颈动脉斑块表面光顺度与心、脑血管事件均呈正相关.结论 老年人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生、发展与心血管危险因素关系密切,颈动脉斑块表面光顺度形态学特点在一定程度上较狭窄程度更能反应老年人动脉粥样硬化水平,并与心、脑血管事件的发生密切相关.     

老年人颈动脉斑块形态学特点与心血管危险因素的相关性研究

目的 探讨老年人颈动脉狭窄程度及颈动脉斑块的形态学特点与心血管危险因素间的相关性.方法 选择我院行脑血管造影检查的老年患者321例,年龄60～83岁,参考颈动脉彩色超声检查结果,分为颈动脉粥样硬化组(斑块组)和颈动脉正常对照组,分析与年龄、性别、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、尿酸、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、饮酒等心血管病危险因素的相关性.斑块组按颈动脉狭窄程度、斑块表面光顺度等与心血管危险因素进行相关性分析.并随访1年,前瞻性分析各亚组患者心、脑血管事件发生情况.结果 斑块组256例,对照组65例,斑块组TC、LDL-C、尿酸、CRP、吸烟、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病等心血管危险因素均高于对照组;在亚组分析中,年龄、吸烟和糖尿病与颈动脉狭窄程度呈正相关,而CRP、LDL-C、吸烟、糖尿病与颈动脉斑块表面光顺度相关.斑块组46例(18.0%)发生脑血管事件,32例(12.5%)发生心血管事件,颈动脉狭窄程度与脑血管事件呈正相关,而与心血管事件发生差异无统计学意义.颈动脉斑块表面光顺度与心、脑血管事件均呈正相关.结论 老年人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生、发展与心血管危险因素关系密切,颈动脉斑块表面光顺度形态学特点在一定程度上较狭窄程度更能反应老年人动脉粥样硬化水平,并与心、脑血管事件的发生密切相关.     

天津市颈动脉超声筛查人群相关危险因素调查分析研究

目的探讨天津市城镇居民颈动脉超声斑块阳性率及其相关危险因素。方法采用横断面研究,于2013年1月~2014年12月对天津市城镇居民8794例进行常规体格检查及心脑血管相关危险因素调查,对其中1626例进行颈动脉超声筛查,依据颈动脉斑块检出情况分为斑块阳性组717例及斑块阴性组909例。进行面对面的问卷调查和体格检查,采用多因素logistic回归分析超声阳性率的独立影响因素。结果颈动脉超声斑块阳性717例,占筛查人群44.1%。斑块阳性组脑卒中、高血压、心房颤动、吸烟、体质量超标比例明显高于斑块阴性组(15.8%vs8.8%,78.0%vs 71.0%,25.2%vs 15.2%,19.4%vs 12.2%,45.5%vs 33.6%,60.0%vs 51.5%,P0.01);多因素logistic逐步回归分析显示,脑卒中、高血压、糖尿病、心房颤动、吸烟、体质量指数及血糖异常为颈动脉斑块发生的独立危险因素。短暂性脑缺血发作和糖尿病为左侧颈内动脉斑块的独立危险因素。结论天津市城镇居民动脉斑块阳性率处于较高水平,颈动脉超声检查可作为脑卒中高危人群筛查及危险因素检测有价值的手段。     

高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化病变与脑梗死关系的初步探讨

目的 初步探讨高血压及高血压伴糖尿病（DM）患者颈动脉病变与脑梗死的关系。方法 应用彩色多谱勒显像仪对48例非老年高血压患者、79例老年血压患者、37例老年高血压伴DM患者进行颈动脉检测,观察颈动脉病变与脑梗死及血脂、血凝的关系。结果 老年高血压组颈动脉斑块的检出率（63．3％）显著高于非老年高血压组（22．9％,P＜0．01）,老年高血压伴DM组与老年高血压组比较差异无显著性。老年高血压组中,颈动脉内膜增厚组脑梗死发生率（66．7％）较颈动脉正常组（25．0％）增高（P＜0．05）,与斑块组（36．0％）比较差异无显著性;老年高血压伴DM组中内膜增（66．7％）及斑块组（46．4％）脑梗死发生率均较颈动脉正常组（0．0％）高（P＜0．05）。老年高血压组及老年高血压伴DM组高血压病史与颈动脉病变呈正相关,血脂及纤维蛋白原（FIB）与颈动脉斑块呈正相关。结论 颈动脉超声对脑梗死的预测有一定的实用参考价值,应积极控制脑梗死的危险因素。     

应用彩色多普勒超声检测缺血性脑血管病与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的探讨缺血性脑血管病与颈动脉粥样硬化病变之间的关系。方法对130例缺血性脑血管病患者进行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检查，130例患者中56例短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA），74例脑梗死；42例非缺血件脑血管病患者为对照组。检测颈动脉内膜增厚及斑块形成等血管异常发牛率、斑块类型及斑块的分布情况。结果TIA组患者颈动脉内膜-中层厚度（IMT）增厚及颈动脉硬化斑块等异常检出率为73．2％（41／56），脑梗死组异常率为87．8％（65／74），对照组受检者异常率为28．6％（12／42），TIA组及脑梗死组与对照组比较差异有显著意义（P〈0．01）。脑梗死组患者脂质性斑块及混合性斑块的发生率高于TIA组。颈动脉硬化斑块最常见部位为颈总动脉分又处，其次为颈内动脉近段。左右侧差异无显著意义。结论颈动脉硬化与缺血性脑血管病有密切相关性，颈动脉超声有助于预测缺血性脑血管病的发病危险。     

不稳定颈动脉粥样斑块的形成与脑梗死的相关性分析

对336例脑梗死患者进行颈动脉超声检查,了解有无颈动脉粥样硬化斑块并确定其大小、范围、表面形态及性质.发现高血压合并脑梗死组颈动脉粥样斑块发生率最高(65.77%),其次是梗死组(59.8%),然后是高血压组、正常组.斑块好发部位依次为颈动脉分叉部、颈总动脉和颈内动脉.认为颈动脉粥样斑块尤其是不稳定斑块是脑梗死重要危险因素,颈动脉超声检查可早期发现颈动脉粥样斑块.     

颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死的关系研究

目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死的关系。方法对246例脑梗死患者（脑梗死组）和218例非脑梗死患者（非脑梗死组）行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声仪检查,分析入组者年龄、性别、伴发疾病与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块发生率的关系,观察不同等级的斑块在各组中的分布。结果高龄、伴有高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇症者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生率明显增高;脑梗死组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生率较非脑梗死组明显增加;有斑块组脑梗死发生率显著高于无斑块组。结论颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成与高龄、高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇症等因素有关,颈动脉粥样硬化斑块是脑梗死的危险因素之一。     

脑梗死患者的颈动脉斑块特点及相关危险因素的回归分析

目的探讨颈动脉斑块与脑梗死的关系及其相关危险因素分析。方法选择动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者205例(脑梗死组)和非脑梗死患者88例(对照组)进行颈动脉超声检查,比较两组颈动脉斑块的数目和性质;将脑梗死组患者再分为斑块组163例和无斑块组42例2个亚组,比较两组性别、年龄、吸烟史、酗酒史、高血压、糖尿病和血脂等危险因素,并进行单因素分析和logistm多元回归分析。结果脑梗死组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率为163例(79.5%)。对照组为56例(63.6%)。差异显著(P<0.05),其中脑梗死组患者软斑数为111个(42.1%)。斑块组男性、年龄、酗酒史和高血压比例均显著高于无斑块组(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,男性(OR=2.206,P=0.013)、年龄(OR=0.088,P=0.025)和高血压(OR=3.605,P=0.001)3项因素差异显著。结论颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死发生关系密切;男性、年龄和高血压可能为颈动脉斑块形成的独立危险因素。     

Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is not involved in carotid artery stenosis

Recent studies have suggested the existence of a close relationship between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and atherosclerosis. However, it has been speculated that C. pneumoniae infection is not associated with early atherosclerosis but with advanced atherosclerosis. In the present study, we test this hypothesis. In 524 consecutive patients who underwent cerebral angiography were recruited for the study. From the films obtained during angiography, percent stenosis of neck internal carotid artery was calculated according to the method of the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET). Serum C. pneumoniae IgG and IgA antibodies were measured by a commercial ELISA enzyme immunoassay kit. Cerebrovascular risk factors such as age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemis and smoking were assessed by interview. Old age above 60 years and diabetes mellitus were found to be independent risk factors for carotid artery stenosis in this study after adjustment for cerebrovascular risk factors. When we defined carotid artery stenosis as the presence of greater than 30% stenosis of one artery, there was no association after adjustment for other risk factors between C. pneumoniae IgG and IgA seropositivity and the presence of carotid artery stenosis for any cut-off value of seropositivity. When we defined carotid artery stenosis as the presence of greater than 70%, there was also no association between C. pneumoniae IgG and IgA seropositivity and the presence of carotid artery stenosis for any cut-off value of seropositivity. These results suggest that C. pneumoniae infection is not associated with carotid artery atherosclerosis.     

Kalzifizierte Plaques der extrakraniellen hirnversorgenden Gefäße im Vergleich mit traditionellen Risikofaktoren als Prädiktor für relevante Koronararterienstenosen

BACKGROUND: Intima-media thickness (IMT) of carotid arteries, measured by vascular ultrasound, has widely been used as a surrogate marker for coronary atherosclerosis. As recent studies showed significant but only weak correlation between IMT and coronary artery stenoses, this study evaluated calcified plaques in the extracranial carotid arteries as a reasonable marker for coronary artery disease. PATIENTS AND METHOD: 139 patients underwent cardiac catheterization with selective coronary angiography and ultrasound examination (B-mode, standard Doppler, color Doppler) of the carotid arteries. In case of calcified plaques number and distribution among the extracranial cerebral arteries were determined (Figure 1). Coronary angiograms were analyzed for disease severity and extent (number of main vessels with > 50% stenosis). Besides the traditional vascular risk factors hypertension, diabetes, smoking and hypercholesterolemia as well as body mass index, age and sex were analyzed. RESULTS: Calcified plaques of carotid arteries were significantly correlated (r = 0.502, p < 0.001) with coronary artery stenoses as well as hypercholesterolemia (r = 0.410, p < 0.001), increasing age (r = 0.406, p < 0.001) and diabetes (r = 0.290, p < 0.001) in contrast to hypertension (r = 0.125, p = 0.075), smoking status (r = -0.043, p = 0.311), body mass index (r = -0.122, p = 0.083) and male sex (r = -0.103, p = 0.114) (Table 1). The number of calcified plaques was significantly correlated (r = 0.568, p < 0.001) with severity and extent of coronary artery disease, too (Figure 2). For two and more calcified plaques sensitivity concerning coronary artery stenoses was 80%, specificity 75%, positive predictive value 83%, negative predictive value 73% (Table 2). Multiple stepwise regression analysis was performed for all eight variables (calcified plaques, hypercholestrolemia, diabetes, hypertension, smoking status, age, sex, body mass index). Including calcified plaques the predictive value of all factors was higher (r = 0.644 to r = 0.607). CONCLUSIONS: Determination of calcified carotid plaques by ultrasound is useful to improve the predictive value of risk factor-based multivariate models based on traditional risk factors.     

应用超声检测糖尿病合并高血压患者大血管病变的特征

目的探讨糖尿病合并高血压患者大血管病变的特征。方法采用经颅多普勒超声（transcranial Doppler,TCD）及彩色多普勒超声显像（color Doppler flow imaging,CDFI）分别评估糖尿病合并高血压患者和单纯2型糖尿病患者颅内动脉、颈动脉、下肢动脉粥样硬化病变的检出率;观察两组患者动脉粥样硬化性病变的差异性。纳入2009年9月-2010年8月在首都医科大学宣武医院内分泌科住院的血脂正常,无吸烟等危险因素的191例2型糖尿病患者,分为单纯糖尿病组（A组）100例,糖尿病合并高血压组（B组）91例。比较两组患者颈总动脉和股动脉内一中膜厚度（IMT）;颅内动脉各支动脉、颈动脉及下肢动脉狭窄总检出率、〉50％狭窄检出率的差异;分析两组患者的病程、收缩与舒张压等因素对糖尿病性血管狭窄病变的影响。结果①B组患者颈总动脉和股动脉的IMT明显高于A组,分别为（0．98±0．14）、（0．86±0．17）mm和（1．03±0．16）、（0．90±0．16）mm（均P〈0．01）。②B组患者颈动脉、下肢动脉的斑块检出率均明显高于A组（P〈0．01）;强回声、不均回声的钙化斑块检出率亦高于A组（P〈0．01）。③颅内动脉、颈动脉及下肢动脉狭窄的总检出率,B组患者高于A组,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）;在对狭窄率〉50％检出率的比较中,B组颅内动脉狭窄检出率高于A组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而颈动脉、下肢动脉狭窄检出率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。④B组患者高血压的病程、收缩压、舒张压与颈总动脉IMT呈线性相关（R=0．417、0．351、0．283,P〈0．05）,收缩压水平与颅内动脉、下肢动脉狭窄检出率均呈正相关（R=0．912、0．795,P=0．000）。结论糖尿病合并高血压,增加了动脉粥样硬化病变的发生率和颈动脉、颅内动脉、下肢动脉狭窄的发生率;CDFI与TCD联合检查,对预测糖尿病患者颅内、外动脉,下肢动脉血管并发症的发生及临床综合评估具有重要价值。     

Family histories of Type II diabetes and hypertension predict intima–media thickness in patients with Type I diabetes

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Hyperglycaemia predicts microvascular complications but data on macrovascular disease are limited. We searched for predictors of carotid artery intima-media thickness in young adults with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A total of 71 children (F/M = 34/37) were followed after their diagnosis until they reached 32 +/- 1 years of age, when duration of diabetes averaged 22 +/- 1 years. Cardiovascular risk markers [lipids, blood pressure, smoking, urinary albumin excretion rate, lifetime glycaemic exposure (A(1c) months), exercise habits, alcohol consumption, family history] were evaluated at age 21 +/- 1 for the baseline examination and at age 32 +/- 1 years for the follow-up examination years. During follow-up, intima-media thickness of common and internal carotid arteries and the carotid bulb were quantitated using a high-resolution B-mode ultrasound. RESULTS: In univariate analysis, age, BMI, blood pressure, lifetime glycaemic exposure, a positive family history of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease were predictors of carotid intima-media thickness. In multivariate analysis, a positive family history of Type II diabetes predicted maximal ( p< 0.05) and common ( p< 0.005) carotid artery intima-media thickness, family history of hypertension predicted increases in maximal ( p< 0.04), and far wall ( p< 0.006) carotid artery intima-media thickness, and lifetime glycaemic exposure was an independent predictor of increased carotid bulb thickness ( p< 0.03). CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: Positive family histories of Type II diabetes and hypertension are independent predictors of carotid intima-media thickness in patients with Type I diabetes, and could therefore predispose these patients to atherosclerosis     

短暂性脑缺血发作患者颈动脉斑块稳定性及其相关因素研究

目的 探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性及其相关危险因素.方法 对140例短暂性脑缺血发作患者行颈部血管超声及血液检查;根据颈部血管超声结果分为不稳定斑块组和稳定斑块组,比较两组间颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的稳定性及危险因素的差异.结果 不稳定组血清总胆固醇(CHOL)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、性别、糖尿病史、吸烟与稳定组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).TIA患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块发生率84.29%.结论 TIA患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性与CHOL、HDL-C、LDL-C、TG、HCY、FIB、性别、糖尿病史、吸烟有关,控制其危险因素有重要临床意义.     

Female patients with atherosclerotic lesions of the lower limbs. Not all are alike

BACKGROUND: Data on female patients with atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are scarce, and limited primarily to the elderly population with multilevel disease. In this longitudinal observational study we compare female patients below 60 years of age with isolated lesions at the aortic bifurcation or focal superficial femoral artery disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Analysis is based on consecutive series of 43 female patients with PAD limited to the aortoiliac bifurcation (n = 28, group I) or an isolated femoral segment at the adductor channel (n = 15, group II) seen in a tertiary referral center between 1998 and 2000. The first assessment provided baseline data, with follow up data obtained at this study. Traditional risk factors, carotid artery disease and clinical outcome (mortality, cardiovascular events, vascular re-intervention rate, PAD progression) were evaluated over an interval of 5 (2 to 8) years. RESULTS: Female patients with aortic disease [group I] were younger (51.8 +/- 7.7 vs. 56.7 +/- 7.6 years in group II; p = 0.048), presented a more masculine phenotype, and smoked significantly more often (82% vs. 40%; p = 0.007). Arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more common in group II, though it missed statistical significance (p = 0.068 and p = 0.085). Cardiovascular and limb outcome were comparable in both groups of female patients, while carotid artery disease was more severe in group I (i.e., carotid plaques in 71 vs. 53%). CONCLUSION: Our data support previous findings that cigarette smoking is a stronger risk factor for aortic disease as compared to femoral disease in younger female patients, with the strongest effect of smoking on a localized region of the aortic bifurcation.     

颈内动脉狭窄伴未破裂颅内动脉瘤患者的临床特点及危险因素

目的：探讨颈内动脉狭窄伴未破裂颅内动脉瘤患者的动脉瘤特点及危险因素。方法：选择颈内动脉狭窄患者120例，其中合并未破裂颅内动脉瘤患者10例为观察组，其余110例患者为对照组。分析观察组患者的动脉瘤特点及危险因素。结果：观察组共检测到动脉瘤11个，1例(10%)患者存在2个动脉瘤，其余均为单一动脉瘤；1例(10%)患者动脉瘤直径为7 mm, 9例(90%)患者动脉瘤直径为1～4mm;动脉瘤位于椎基底动脉尖1例(10%),位于颈内动脉系统9例(90%);动脉瘤与狭窄位于同一血管者有8例(80%);位于不同血管者有2例(20%);2组年龄、颈内动脉狭窄程度以及合并糖尿病、高血压、高脂血症、冠心病、饮酒史、吸烟史、缺血性卒中史等比较，差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);经多因素Logistic回归分析显示，女性存在动脉瘤更多见[r=5.111,95%C1 (1.340～19.492),P=0.017]。结论：颈内动脉狭窄伴未破裂颅内动脉瘤多为单一动脉瘤、动脉瘤直径多<5 mm、多位于颈内动脉系统且动脉瘤与狭窄位于同一血管者较多见；女性存在动脉瘤更多见，临床应加以重视。     

缺血性脑血管病患者颅内外动脉狭窄分布及影响因素研究

目的:了解缺血性脑血管病(ICVD)患者颅内外动脉血管狭窄分布情况,探讨ICVD患者的颅内外动脉血管狭窄与ICVD危险因素的关系。方法:148例ICVD患者行数字减影血管造影(DSA)了解患者颅内外血管狭窄分布情况,将其分为一个对照组和三个病例组。结果:(1)颅外动脉狭窄49例(33.1%),颅内动脉狭窄23例(15.5%),颅内外动脉均见狭窄29例(9.6%);(2)颅外段狭窄组:Logistic回归分析结果显示影响因素为年龄(OR=1.124)、性别(OR=0.241)、高血压(OR=1.038);颅内段狭窄组:影响因素为FIB(OR=1.932);颅内合并颅外段狭窄组:影响因素为年龄(OR=1.084)、长期吸烟(OR=6.132)、糖尿病(OR=6.106)。结论:本研究中ICVD患者以颅外血管狭窄为多见,ICVD危险性因素为性别(男性)、年龄、长期吸烟、糖尿病、高血压、FIB等因素。     

可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体I与颈动脉粥样硬化及其危险因素的相关性研究

目的　研究血清可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体 I(s TNFRI)水平与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法　采用超声诊断仪将 82例中老年患者分为斑块形成组与无斑块组 ,分析两组 s TNFRI水平变化及与多种颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素的相关性。结果　斑块形成组冠心病、高血压、糖尿病及脑梗死的发生率较无斑块组显著增高 ,斑块形成组s TNFRI水平显著高于无斑块组 ,s TNFRI升高组比正常组颈动脉内膜 -中层厚度 (IMT)显著增加。多元逐步回归分析示 s TNFRI水平与年龄相关。结论　 s TNFRI水平与颈动脉 IMT相关。降低血清 s TNFRI浓度 ,抑制炎症反应不仅可能阻止颈动脉粥样硬化的进展 ,而且对于预防心、脑血管事件具有重要意义