带筋膜血管蒂的桡骨骨膜瓣及自体红骨髓移植治疗陈旧性腕舟骨骨折

目的探讨应用带筋膜血管蒂的桡骨骨膜瓣及自体红骨髓移植治疗腕舟骨陈旧性骨折骨不连的治疗方法。方法1998年5月～2004年12月对19例腕舟骨陈旧性骨折骨不连患者采用切开复位带桡动脉茎突返支骨膜骨瓣及自体红骨髓移植治疗，随访其疗效。结果术后19例均获随访。时间3～36个月，平均15个月；骨折愈合率为100％，愈合时间为3～4个月，腕关节功能完全恢复正常。结论用带筋膜血管蒂的桡骨骨膜瓣并自体红骨髓移植治疗陈旧性腕舟骨骨折，操作简单、成骨作用强，并有加速骨折愈合的作用。     

带桡动脉腕掌支蒂桡骨瓣植入治疗新鲜不稳定腕舟骨骨折

目的介绍带桡动脉腕掌支蒂桡骨瓣植入治疗新鲜不稳定腕舟骨骨折的手术方法和疗效。方法2000年3月始,设计带桡动脉腕掌支蒂的桡骨瓣,对12例新鲜不稳定腕舟骨骨折进行骨瓣植入加AO空心加压螺钉固定术。结果术后12例全部获得随访,随访时间7~35个月。X线片显示腕舟骨骨折均在术后2~3个月获得骨性愈合,愈合率达100%。腕关节活动度为1例腕掌屈60°,背伸50°;11例腕掌屈达70°~80°,背伸45°~55°。腕关节活动时无疼痛。结论桡动脉腕掌支蒂桡骨瓣具有血管解剖恒定、血管蒂长、血供可靠等优点,适用于新鲜不稳定腕舟骨骨折的治疗。     

不同筋膜血管蒂骨瓣植入治疗舟状骨陈旧性骨折

目的介绍利用不同筋膜血管蒂桡骨茎突骨瓣植入治疗陈旧性腕舟状骨骨折的疗效。方法2002年9月-2010年5月,采用以桡动脉返支为蒂的骨瓣,或以骨间背动脉桡侧终末支的筋膜蒂骨瓣植入结合内固定治疗腕舟状骨陈旧性骨折41例。结果38例经6～27个月（平均19．3个月）的随访,X线片显示腕舟骨骨折均在术后4～6个月获得骨性愈合,愈合率达100％。腕关节活动度为4例腕掌屈60°背伸50°34例腕掌屈达70°-80°．背伸45°-55°。腕关节活动时无疼痛。腕关节功能按Krimmer评分表测定：总体疗效为优29例,良9例。结论采用带不同血管蒂桡骨茎突骨瓣植入治疗舟状骨陈旧性骨折疗效确切。     

带筋膜蒂骨瓣转移治疗腕舟骨骨不连分析

目的：探讨治疗腕舟骨陈旧性骨折骨不连的手术方法。方法：对16例腕舟骨陈旧性骨折骨不连采用带筋膜蒂逆行桡骨茎突骨瓣移植治疗的手术方法。结果：术后随访6－24个月，腕部疼痛及无力症状均消失，术后2－3月X线片示骨折均骨折愈合。结论：带筋膜蒂的桡骨茎突骨瓣移植治疗舟骨骨不连，操作简单，促进骨折愈率效果好。     

带筋膜血管蒂桡骨骨膜骨瓣移植治疗陈旧性舟骨骨折

目的探讨带筋膜桡动脉茎突返支蒂桡骨骨膜骨瓣移植治疗陈旧性腕舟状骨骨折的临床疗效。方法切开复位，采取桡骨茎突切除加用带筋膜血管蒂骨膜骨瓣移植治疗陈旧性腕舟骨骨折15例，术后进行5～16个月随访。结果临床用骨瓣治疗舟骨骨折15例，骨瓣血供丰富，术后10～12周愈合，腕关节功能恢复正常。结论带筋膜血管蒂桡骨骨膜骨瓣是移植治疗陈旧性腕舟骨骨折及骨不连的一种可靠的方法。     

带桡动脉茎突支蒂桡骨瓣推进转位治疗腕舟骨骨不愈合

目的 探讨治疗腕舟骨骨不愈合的手术方法。方法 根据桡骨远端血液供应的解剖学基础，设计带桡动脉茎突支蒂的桡骨瓣推进转位治疗23例晚舟骨骨不愈合。结果 有18例获术后5～28个月随访，骨折全部愈合，腕关节功能完全恢复正常。结论 桡动脉茎突支蒂桡骨瓣，解剖恒定、血供可靠、不损伤主要血管，手术操作简单，是治疗腕舟骨骨不愈合的一种有效手术方法。     

应用桡动脉茎突返支为蒂的桡骨骨瓣或骨膜瓣移植治疗腕舟骨骨折不连接

目的观察以桡动脉返支为蒂的桡骨骨瓣或骨膜瓣移植对腕舟骨骨折不连接的治疗作用.方法20例腕舟骨骨折骨不连,应用桡动脉返支为蒂的桡骨骨瓣移植加桡骨茎突切除治疗12例,应用桡动脉返支为蒂的桡骨骨膜瓣移植加桡骨茎突切除治疗8例.测量手术前后腕关节屈伸和尺桡偏活动度、握力,应用腕舟评分对患者的自觉功能恢复情况进行评定.结果20例腕舟骨骨折骨不连均愈合,愈合时间平均为7±0.2周(6～12周).腕舟骨评分结果为:优16例,良3例,可1例.结论以桡动脉返支为蒂的桡骨骨瓣或骨膜瓣移植加桡骨茎突切除是治疗腕舟骨骨折骨不连的有效方法.     

带血管蒂骨瓣移植治疗腕舟骨骨不连

目的：总结带血管蒂骨瓣移植治疗腕舟骨骨不连的疗效。方法：以带桡动脉茎突返支桡骨瓣移植治疗3例,桡骨远端背外侧带血管蒂的骨瓣移植4例,带第2掌背动脉掌骨基底骨瓣移植1例。通过平均10个月的随访,观察骨折愈合和腕关节功能改善情况。结果：骨折全部愈合。腕关节功能评价：优6例,良1例,可1例。结论：该手术疗效较好,操作简单,副损伤小,是治疗腕舟骨骨不连的有效方法之一。     

双克氏针固定结合桡动脉腕掌支蒂骨瓣治疗腕舟骨骨不连

目的探讨桡动脉腕掌支蒂桡骨瓣植入腕舟骨骨不连处双克氏针固定的方法及临床疗效。方法以桡动脉腕掌侧支为蒂挖取桡骨形成的带蒂骨瓣,植入已清理形成骨槽腕舟骨骨折骨不连处,用0.8 mm双克氏针贯穿固定骨瓣及骨折,治疗腕舟骨骨不连36例。结果术后随访9~37个月,平均17个月。骨折均愈合。Coony评分总体疗效:优25例,良9例,可2例,优良率为94.44%。结论桡动脉腕掌侧支蒂桡骨瓣是治疗腕舟骨骨不连的理想方法 ,双克氏针固定更容易、更微创、疗效更好。     

带第二掌背动脉蒂掌骨膜瓣移植治疗腕舟骨骨折不愈合

目的：介绍治疗腕舟骨骨折不愈合的一种新手术方法，丰富治疗腕舟骨骨折不愈合的手术术式。方法：切除腕舟骨骨折不愈合之硬化骨，以〔形钉固定舟骨骨折端，用带第２掌背动脉蒂掌骨骨膜瓣翻转移植治疗腕舟骨骨折不愈合１１例。结果：术后６～８周骨折初步愈合，３～４个月骨折完全愈合，随访９～１５个月腕关节活动正常无痛。结论：第二掌背动脉位置恒定，血管蒂长、口径粗、游离安全容易，血供充分，能有效的促进舟骨骨折愈合。     

拇指背动脉掌骨瓣治疗腕舟骨骨折不愈合

作者从1988～1994年手术治疗腕舟骨骨折不愈合12例,其中用拇指背动脉掌骨瓣治疗9例,随访半年～6年,骨折3个月全部骨性愈合,8例腕部功能恢复正常,1例因术前功能较差,术后功能基本恢复正常.作者认为本术式血管位置表浅,变异少,血管蒂长,易于解剖,操作简便,且带血管蒂的骨瓣成骨作用强,骨折愈合时间短,腕关节功能恢复快.     

桡动脉茎突返支为蒂桡骨茎突骨瓣植入术治疗舟骨骨折不愈合

目的总结以桡动脉茎突返支为蒂的桡骨茎突骨瓣移位治疗舟骨骨折不愈合的临床效果。方法2000年3月~2005年6月,对18例舟骨骨折不愈合的患者,以桡动脉茎突返支为蒂在桡骨茎突掀起1.5cm×3.5cm×0.5cm的骨瓣,植入沿舟骨纵轴跨越骨折线所凿同等大小的骨槽内进行治疗。其中男15例,女3例。年龄18~39岁。舟骨腰部骨折11例,近侧1/3骨折7例,其中5例舟骨近端骨折块伴缺血坏死。腕关节活动疼痛,尤以背伸及桡偏时明显,鼻烟窝处有压痛,腕关节活动受限,X线片示10例患者有骨折端硬化及囊性变,骨折线明显加宽。结果术后18例舟骨骨折均愈合,其中5例合并缺血坏死的舟骨骨折块重新成活,骨折平均愈合时间为4个月。术后获随访1~5年,患者腕关节活动良好,腕背伸时无疼痛,日常生活和工作无影响。结论采用桡动脉茎突返支为蒂的桡骨茎突骨瓣移位治疗舟骨骨折不愈合及近端骨折块缺血坏死,操作简便,治疗有效,具有一定临床应用价值。     

第一、二伸肌室间支持带上动脉为血管蒂的楔形骨瓣转移治疗舟骨骨不连

目的 探讨以第1,2伸肌室间支持带上动脉(1,2 ICSRA)为血管蒂的楔形骨瓣转移治疗舟骨骨不连伴背侧镶嵌不稳定(DISI)的技术和疗效.方法 对12例舟骨骨不连伴背侧镶嵌不稳定的患者,设计并应用1,2 ICSRA为血管蒂的楔形骨瓣进行治疗,采用腕背侧单一切口同时完成畸形矫正和骨瓣转移.术后随访骨折愈合时间、腕痛状况,比较手术前后腕关节活动度、握力、腕骨排列情况.结果 术后随访时间为6～24个月,平均12个月.X线片显示舟骨骨折均获得骨性愈合,愈合率为100%,平均愈合时间为11.3周.11例患者腕痛消失;1例腕痛持续,经行桡骨茎突切除后好转.12例术后头月骨间角、舟月骨间角、腕高指数恢复正常;腕关节屈伸、桡尺偏活动度接近术前的2倍,握力为术前的3.5倍.结论 1,2 ICSRA为血管蒂的楔形骨瓣转移能促进舟骨愈合,矫正骨折成角,有利于腕部生理力学的重建,是治疗舟骨骨不连伴DISI的有效方法.     

以桡动脉返支为蒂的桡骨骨膜骨瓣移位治疗舟骨骨不连

目的　介绍带蒂桡骨骨膜骨瓣治疗腕舟骨骨不连的术式。方法　自 1986年 3月以来 ,选择 2 6例腕舟骨陈旧性骨折骨不连 ,设计并应用带蒂桡骨骨膜骨瓣移位植入 ,骨瓣为 1.0 cm× 0 .4cm× 0 .5 cm,术后观察其疗效。结果　 2 6例腕舟骨骨折骨不连患者切口均 期愈合 ,骨不连在术后 2～ 3个月内获得骨性愈合 ,腕关节功能基本恢复正常。结论　该术式是治疗腕舟骨骨折骨不连的一种有效方法     

Thumb metacarpal vascularized bone graft in long-standing scaphoid nonunion--a useful graft via dorsal or palmar approach: a cohort study of 24 patients

PURPOSE: Long-standing scaphoid nonunion preferentially is treated by using a vascularized bone graft because of its superiority in achieving bone healing. In the present study nonunion was repaired using a bone graft raised from the thumb metacarpal and vascularized by the first dorsal metacarpal artery. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with scaphoid nonunion for longer than 5 years, without ligament injuries and panarthrosis, had surgery. According to the location of the nonunion and presence of dorsal intercalated segment instability deformity, surgery was performed by either a dorsal or palmar approach. The patients had a final clinical and radiographic evaluation 12 months after surgery. RESULTS: Complete healing was shown in 21 patients but incomplete healing was observed in the remaining 3 patients. After surgery patients had marked pain relief, with an improved range of motion and grasping strength. Anatomic restoration of carpal angles and scaphoid length was observed. None of the patients required additional surgery. Before surgery 15 patients presented radiographic signs of wrist arthrosis. During surgery, however, cartilage erosion on the proximal pole or on the radius articular surface was not confirmed. Despite the presence of radiographic arthrosis, wrist symptoms, motion, and grasping strength improved after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Long-standing scaphoid nonunion, even in the presence of limited arthrosis, can be treated with surgery and healing promoted by a vascularized bone graft. Because of its versatility for use by dorsal or palmar approach and reliability, the first dorsal metacarpal artery vascularized bone graft represents our method of choice.     

带蒂骨膜瓣移位修复手舟骨骨不连

目的 探讨带蒂骨膜瓣在手舟骨骨折后骨不连治疗中的临床效果。方法 采用带骨间前动脉腕背支血管蒂的骨膜瓣转位治疗26例手舟骨骨不连患，并做临床观察。结果 本组术后随访4个月一18个月，优19例，占73％；良7例，占27％。结论 以骨间前动脉腕背支为蒂的骨膜瓣转位修复手舟骨骨不连，疗效满意。     

Vascularized bone grafts from the palmar radius for the treatment of waist nonunions of the scaphoid

PURPOSE: With their intrinsic vascularity vascularized bone grafts provide an alternative solution to the challenging problem of scaphoid nonunions. The union rate (after imaging evaluation including magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) and functional outcome of using vascularized bone grafts pedicled on the palmar carpal epiphyseal artery for waist nonunions of the scaphoid are reported in this prospective case series. METHODS: The technique was applied to 9 waist nonunions resulting from fractures. The mean time elapsed from the initial injury to the procedure was 22 months and the mean follow-up time was 24 months. The graft was pedicled on the artery running at the distal edge of the pronator quadratus and was inserted in the nonunion as an intercalary graft. Six patients had postoperative MRIs to evaluate fracture healing and graft incorporation. RESULTS: Union was accomplished in all cases between 6 and 12 weeks. Postoperative MRI showed the viability of the graft (contrast-enhanced images) and confirmed union and graft incorporation. Complete absence of pain was noted in all patients. The Mayo modified wrist score increased from 63 to 92 after surgery and according to this score results were excellent in 5 patients and good in 4. CONCLUSIONS: Vascularized bone grafts from the anterior radius lead to rapid union and consolidation in cases of waist nonunion. Postoperative MRI confirms viability of the graft, union, and graft incorporation. The approach is limited to the distal radius and wrist and lacks donor site morbidity. The interposition of the graft from the palmar side allows correction of the humpback deformity and patients regain carpal height, grip strength, and painless motion. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, Level IV.