电话随访式健康教育在2型糖尿病病人中的应用

[目的]探讨电话随访式健康教育对2型糖尿病病人健康指导的效果。[方法]将100例2型糖尿病病人随机分为对照组和观察组各50例。对照组采用常规的健康教育,观察组在常规健康教育的基础上采用电话随访式健康教育。[结果]观察组病人遵医行为、血糖控制情况优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病人出院后再次入院发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]对2型糖尿病病人采用电话随访式健康教育可提高病人的遵医行为,有利于控制血糖,可减少病人再入院的次数。     

电话随访住院患者满意度分析

目的 通过电话随访调查住院患者满意度,以提升医院医疗、护理服务水平.方法 对出院44 067例患者进行电话随访,调查对医师治疗、治疗结果、病房管理、责任护士的责任心及服务态度、护士的主动服务意识、医疗收费和医德医风7个方面的满意度.结果 59岁及以下的患者在医师治疗和病房管理方面满意度高于≥60岁患者,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);≤30岁患者在护士的主动服务意识和医疗收费方面,满意度较其他两组低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).公费医疗患者在医师治疗、护士的主动服务意识方面满意度最高,在病房管理方面满意度最低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);北京地区医疗保险患者在护士的主动服务意识方面满意度最低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 电话随访能了解临床实际状况、不同年龄和不同费用类别住院患者满意度,协调医患关系,更好地提高服务质量和患者满意度.     

Effectiveness of a home exercise programme in low back pain: a randomized five‐year follow‐up study

Background and Purpose . Therapeutic exercise has been shown to be beneficial in decreasing pain and in increasing functioning in patients with chronic low back pain. However, longitudinal follow‐up studies are small in number, and often limited in the numbers of subjects due to drop‐outs. In addition there is a shortage of real control groups in most cases. The purpose of the present study was to describe long‐term changes in intensity of low back pain and in functioning for two study groups five years after undertaking a home exercise programme. Method . This was a randomized follow‐up study over five years. Fifty‐seven subjects were reassessed with questionnaires five years after their initial recruitment for an intervention study. A home exercise group (n = 29), with training once a day, and a control group (n = 28), without exercise, were included in the present study protocol. The primary outcome measurements included a questionnaire on the intensity of low back pain (Borg CR‐10 scale) and on functioning (Oswestry Disability Index; ODI). The confounding physical activity was controlled with metabolic unit (MET) values. Results . The CR‐10 and ODI scores decreased during the first three months in both study groups. During the follow‐ups, the corresponding indicators of the home exercise group remained below baseline values. The CR‐10 score was significantly lower in the home exercise group (p = 0.01) during the last five‐year follow‐up session compared with the control group. Overall physical activity decreased slightly during the five‐year follow‐up, but there were no differences between the two study groups. Conclusions . The present randomized study indicates that supervised, controlled home exercises lead to reduced low back pain, and that positive effects were preserved over five years. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adherence to diabetes control recommendations: impact of nurse telephone calls

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing in incidence and research has shown that normalization of blood glucose levels can moderate the risk of microvascular and neurological complications. AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of nurse telephone calls on glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and adherence to diabetes control recommendations. METHODS: A randomized design with control and experimental groups being assessed pre- and post intervention was used to assess the effectiveness of nurse telephone calls. Twenty patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group and 16 to a control group. The goal of the intervention was to keep blood glucose concentrations close to the normal range (HbA1c < 7%). The intervention was applied to the intervention group for 12 weeks, and consisted of continued education and reinforcement of diet, exercise, medication adjustment recommendations, as well as frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. Telephone intervention was performed twice per week for the first month and then weekly for the second and third month. Participants were requested to write self-management logs including blood glucose levels, diet and an exercise diary. A dietitian analysed the diet diaries and participants were informed about their results by telephone or mail. All medication adjustments were communicated to participants' doctors. The HbA1c and diabetes adherence were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Patients in the intervention group had a mean decrease of 1.2% in HbA1c levels and those in the control group had a mean increase of 0.6% in HbA1c levels. The intervention group had greater diet and blood glucose testing adherence than the control group. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that a nurse telephone intervention can improve HbA1c, and diet and blood glucose testing adherence.     

基于希望理论的电话及短信干预随访在乳腺癌病人出院后的应用效果

[目的]探讨基于希望理论的电话及短信干预随访在乳腺癌病人出院后的应用效果。[方法]将87例乳腺癌术后病人随机分为观察组43例和对照组44例,对照组给予电话随访和短信干预,观察组给予基于希望理论的电话随访和短信干预,对比分析两组病人干预前、干预后3个月、6个月后的希望水平、服药依从性、生活质量、护理服务满意度等。[结果]干预3个月、6个月后,观察组希望水平、病人服药依从性、生活质量均明显高于对照组(P0.05);观察组护理满意度为97.7%,明显高于对照组的81.8%(P0.05)。[结论]基于希望理论的电话及短信干预随访可提高乳腺癌病人希望水平、服药依从性、生活质量和护理满意度。