三维动态增强MR血管造影对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值

目的 评价三维动态增强磁共振血管造影(3D DCE-MRA)在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值。方法 对54例高度怀疑有颅内动脉瘤的病人行3D DCE-MRA检查，随后行DSA造影及可行的血管内栓塞治疗。3D DCE-MRA用超快速三维梯度回波序列(3D FISP)(钆喷替酸葡甲胺0．2mmol／kg,1次扫描时间10s)，工作站上三维重建，比较3D DCE-MRA及常规DSA在显示动脉瘤、瘤颈及与载瘤动脉关系上的优劣，及对血管内栓塞治疗的价值。结果 39例脑动脉瘤患者共45个动脉瘤，3D DCE-MRA对动脉瘤的敏感度为96％，特异度73％，准确度90％。3D DCE-MRA对动脉瘤细节及瘤颈的显示明显优于常规DSA，尤其是颈内动脉海绵窦部及椎动脉近小脑后下动脉的动脉瘤，可指导DSA显示动脉瘤方向及预先制定治疗方案。但对周边部及动脉分岔处小动脉瘤的诊断应谨慎。结论3D DCE-MRA能无创有效地诊断颅内动脉瘤，所提供的三维信息对治疗方案的制定具有极大帮助。当诊断有怀疑时，应结合DSA检查。     

64层3D-CTA与3D-DSA对颅内动脉瘤评价的对比研究

目的 对比评价64层螺旋CT三维血管造影(3D-CTA)与三维数字减影血管造影(3D-DSA)对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值.方法 28例临床怀疑颅内动脉瘤的患者均行64层螺旋CT血管造影和DSA,CT三维后处理主要包括容积重建(VR)及最大密度投影(MIP).常规二维DSA检查后,对可疑病变血管行旋转DSA检查,应用三维工作软件行3D后处理,比较3D-CTA与3D-DSA对动脉瘤显示的价值.结果 28例病例中22例CTA和DSA均显示动脉瘤并经手术或栓塞证实,其中1例CTA和DSA显示单个动脉瘤,手术证实为2个动脉瘤,1例CTA显示假阳性.3D-CTA与3D-DSA均能清楚显示动脉瘤形状、瘤径指向、瘤体直径、瘤颈、载瘤动脉、瘤体穿动脉情况,两者无明显差异.结论 64层3D-CTA在颅内动脉瘤诊断及细节显示上与3D-DSA无明显差异,一定程度上应能替代血管造影,指导临床治疗.     

CTA与DSA诊断颅内动脉瘤的对比研究

目的通过与DSA对比,评价三维CT血管造影在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值。方法对30例因蛛网膜下腔出血高度怀疑动脉瘤破裂的病人行CTA检查,同期行DSA检查及可行的血管内栓塞治疗。比较CTA与DSA检出动脉瘤的敏感性、特异性和准确性以及在显示动脉瘤瘤颈和载瘤动脉关系上的优劣。结果CTA检出动脉瘤26个,对动脉瘤的敏感性为95.5%,特异性为87.5%,准确性为93.3%,与DSA比较无显著差异。CTA对动脉瘤细节及瘤颈的显示明显优于DSA。结论CTA能无创有效的诊断颅内动脉瘤,所提供的诊断信息对治疗方案的制订具有极大的帮助,CTA还特别适用于急症病人的动脉瘤筛查。     

CTA与MRA诊断动脉瘤及评估动脉瘤破裂风险的比较

 目的 比较CT血管造影术(CT angiography,CTA)与磁共振血管造影(magnetic resonance angiography,MRA)诊断动脉瘤与动脉瘤破裂的风险评估价值。方法 48例高度怀疑为颅内动脉瘤患者随机分为两组,每组24例,记为Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组,其中Ⅰ组行CTA+DSA检查,Ⅱ组行MRA+DSA检查。比较CTA及MRA对颅内动脉瘤的诊断灵敏度、诊断特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率。比较CTA及MRA对5 mm以上动脉瘤的诊断价值。结果 MRA诊断颅内动脉瘤的诊断灵敏度、诊断特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率较CTA稍低,但二者差异无统计学意义。CTA与三维增强MR血管成像(3D CE-MRA)对5 mm以上动脉瘤的诊断能力相当,但与三维时间飞跃法MR血管成像(3D TOF MRA)相比,CTA与CE-MRA的诊断灵敏度、诊断特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率明显较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CTA能更清楚地显示瘤颈。结论 CTA和MRA可作为诊断动脉瘤与动脉瘤破裂的风险评估的首要手段,CTA诊断的准确率及三维形态高于MRA。     

3D DSA在颅内动脉瘤介入诊疗中的应用价值

目的评价3D DSA在颅内动脉瘤诊疗中的作用,并与2D DSA比较。方法50个破裂的颅内动脉瘤均行2D DSA及3DDSA检查。观察2D DSA及3D DSA(VR)对颅内动脉瘤瘤颈和瘤体形态的显示,评估血管内栓塞治疗的可行性。获取血管内栓塞治疗的参考图像。通过对瘤颈和瘤体的测量,正确选择第1枚弹簧圈的直径及长度。结果50个破裂的颅内动脉瘤中,2D DSA能清楚显示14个动脉瘤的瘤颈;VR能清楚显示所有动脉瘤的瘤颈。2D DSA能清楚显示26个动脉瘤的形态;VR能清楚显示所有动脉瘤的形态。2D DSA认为6例不能行血管内栓塞治疗;3D DSA显示全部能行血管内栓塞治疗并栓塞成功。49个颅内动脉瘤行血管内栓塞治疗时均从3D DSA获取参考图像。48个第1枚弹簧圈选择正确。结论3D DSA在评估颅内动脉瘤血管内栓塞治疗的可行性、获得参考图像、动脉瘤精确测量等方面具有重要的临床价值。     

颅内动脉瘤320排CTA与DSA对照分析

目的 探讨320排CTA对颅内动脉瘤诊断的临床应用价值.方法 收集2010-04-2011-03期间行320排CTA和DSA检查的颅内动脉瘤患者33例.将CTA图像质量按颅底骨质残留及血管显示情况分为4个等级,再以DSA所见为对照,分析320排CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤的敏感性及粗符合率.结果 33例经320排CTA检出颅内动脉瘤30例33个、动静脉畸形(AVM)2例、颅内动脉瘤合并AVM 1例;经DSA证实有颅内动脉瘤30例33个、AVM 3例,其中动脉瘤"假阳性"1例;有22例行手术治疗.320排CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤敏感性为100%,粗符合率为97.0%.结论 与DSA比较,320排CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤有较高的敏感性及粗符合率,在术前筛查方面具有广泛的临床应用前景.     

科旋转采集三维数字减影血管造影对脑血管疾病的临床应用

目的评价旋转采集三维数字减影血管造影(3D DSA)的临床应用价值.方法回顾了53例分别施行过常规二维(2D DSA)和旋转采集3D DSA 脑血管造影检查的患者,其中男32例,女21例, 年龄19～72岁,平均46.3岁.常规2D DSA 为正位及侧位影像.三维影像重建方法采用遮盖表面显示(shaded surface display, SSD).结果本组53例脑血管造影患者中5例为动静脉畸形,2D DSA 及3D DSA 均能正确地做出诊断;其余48例患者中41例确诊为颅内动脉瘤,另7例常规2D DSA 疑为动脉瘤,经3D DSA 检查确定是血管扭曲.在确诊的41例颅内动脉瘤患者中36例2D DSA 及3D DSA 均能正确地做出诊断,5例患者因蛛网膜下腔出血临床疑为颅内动脉瘤破裂,常规正、侧位2D DSA 未显示确切异常,经3D DSA 进一步检查,确诊为颅内动脉瘤.经介入放射学治疗的29例颅内动脉瘤中26例常规正、侧位2D DSA 不能使瘤颈部得到最佳显示,3D DSA 使其显示最佳.统计学分析表明3D DSA 与2D DSA 对颅内动脉瘤诊断的总符合率为77.4%(41/53),一致性检验,χ2=5.267,P<0.05.结论旋转采集3D DSA 对血管病变的误诊和漏诊率低于常规2D DSA,能够形象、直观、精确地显示被检查区域的解剖结构.     

3.0T高分辨率CE-MRA对颈部血管狭窄的诊断价值

目的探讨三维对比增强磁共振血管成像(3D CE-MRA)在颈部动脉血管狭窄诊断中的临床应用价值。方法对23例临床拟诊颈部动脉血管狭窄行数字减影血管造影(DSA)的患者行颈部3D CE-MRA。将两种方法检查结果进行相关性比较。结果 23例患者共230个节段血管,3D CE-MRA显示了227个节段,共诊断出74处(32.6%)狭窄,其中28处轻度狭窄,22处中度狭窄,20处重度狭窄,4处闭塞;DSA共显示了230个节段的血管,共诊断出69处(30.4%)血管狭窄,其中24处轻度狭窄,23处中度狭窄,19处重度狭窄,3处闭塞。与DSA相比,3DCE-MRA对颈部动脉轻度、中度、重度狭窄及动脉闭塞的显示敏感性均为100%,特异性分别为85.71%、90.91%、90%和75%,两种检查方法对颈部动脉狭窄程度的判断有良好的一致性(κ=0.921,P=0.000)。结论 3.0T 3DCE-MRA能够可靠的评价颈部动脉狭窄性病变,基本可以替代DSA检查。     

三维数字减影血管造影技术诊断脑血管疾病的应用价值

目的评价三维数字减影血管造影(3D—DSA)技术诊断脑血管疾病的应用价值。方法对临床怀疑和确诊为脑血管疾病的71例患者行常规脑血管数字减影造影(DSA)和3D—DSA。结果本组共检查71例,经3D—DSA技术共检出动脉瘤44例64枚、颅内动静脉畸形(AVM)19例、血管狭窄致脑缺血8例(6例颈内动脉狭窄、大脑前动脉闭塞)。结论3D—DSA诊断脑血管疾病具有极大的临床应用价值。尤其对颅内动脉瘤、AVM、血管狭窄的诊断最为准确、快速、安全。     

三维增强磁共振血管造影在颅内动脉瘤中的应用

目的 评价三维增强磁共振血管造影(3D CE-MRA) 在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的应用价值.方法 77例高度怀疑颅内动脉瘤的患者,分别完成3D CE-MRA(图像以VR、MIP、MPR 3种方法显示)和DSA检查,以DSA结果为依据,评价3D CE-MRA对颅内血管瘤的诊断价值.结果 77例中,62例有颅内动脉瘤共73个,3D CE-MRA共诊断65个,漏诊8个.无动脉瘤者15例,3D CE-MRA正确诊断8例,另7例误诊为动脉瘤.3D CE-MRA对动脉瘤的敏感度为89.0%(65/73),特异度为53.3%(8/15),准确度为82.9%[(65+8)/(73+15)].结论 3D CE-MRA对微小动脉瘤及周边部小动脉瘤的确诊率不高,对动脉分叉、动脉圆锥及该处小动脉瘤的诊断应谨慎.     

颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后的DCE-MRA随访

目的：评价DCE—MRA在颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后随访中的应用价值。方法：回顾分析了56例颅内动脉瘤患者血管内栓塞治疗后的DCE—MRA和DSA随访图像,以DSA为诊断标准,比较两者的随访结果,评价DCE—MRA随访的准确性。DCE—MRA的原始图像减影后行VR、MIP重建,并结合原始图像。结果：56例患者共61个动脉瘤进行了栓塞治疗,随访中发现40个动脉瘤完全栏塞,12个瘤颈残留,9个瘤体复发,动脉瘤的复发率为14．75％。DCE-MRA与DSA随访结果有良好的一致性（k=0．871,P〈0．005）,DCE—MRA随访的准确率达到93．4％,假阳性和假阴性各2例。结论：DCE—MRA是颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后的一种无创、可靠、快速的影像随访方法,有助于监测术后瘤颈残留和瘤体复发,指导临床进一步治疗。     

多层螺旋CT三维血管成像对颅内动脉瘤诊断价值的研究

目的评估多层螺旋CT三维血管成像（MSCTA）在诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值。资料与方法对临床怀疑为颅内动脉瘤的73例患者的影像资料进行回顾性分析,其中23例行MSCTA检查,36例行DSA检查,12例同时行MSCTA和DSA检查,2例行MSCTA检查的同时与外科手术对照。结果MSCTA和DSA的可信度平均得分分别为7．87分和8．50分（P〈0．05）;MSCTA对颅内动脉瘤诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为92％、80％和91％。结论尽管MSCTA在颅内动脉瘤的诊断中可信度略低于DSA,但其敏感性、特异性和准确性较高,而且MSCTA通过三维后处理方法能很好地显示颅内动脉瘤的特征和周围的解剖结构,对颅内动脉瘤的诊断、外科手术有着重要的意义。     

CT angiography with three-dimensional techniques for the early diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms. Comparison with intra-arterial DSA and the surgical findings

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral CT angiography (CTA) is an established method applied to both the detection and treatment planning of intracranial aneurysms. The aim of our study was to compare CTA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) findings with the surgical results mainly in patients with acute SAH and to evaluate the clinical usefulness of CTA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the last 2 years, 82 consecutive patients were admitted under clinical symptoms and signs suggestive of harboring an intracranial aneurysm. CT angiography performed immediately afterwards the plain CT, while DSA was performed within the first 48 h of admission. All aneurysms detected were confirmed during surgery or endovascular embolization. Repeat DSA was performed in all patients having both the initial CTA and the DSA 15 days after the onset of symptoms negative. CT angiograms and conventional angiographies were studied by a consensus of two radiologists for each technique, who performed aneurysm detection, morphological features characterization and evaluation of the technique. RESULTS: Surgical or/and endovascular treatment was performed in 45 patients and 53 aneurysms were confirmed. Using 3D-CT angiography, we detected 47 aneurysms in 42 patients. Conventional angiography depicted 43 aneurysms in 39 patients. The sensitivity of CTA for the detection of all aneurysms versus surgery was 88.7%, the specificity 100%, the positive predictive value (PPV) 100%, the negative predictive value (NPV) 80.7% and the accuracy 92.3%. Accordingly, the sensitivity of DSA was 87.8%, the specificity 98%, the PPV 97.7%, the NPV 89.1% and the accuracy 92.9%. Considering aneurysms > or =3 mm, CTA showed a sensitivity ranging from 93.3 to 100%, equal to that of DSA. CONCLUSION: Cerebral CT angiography has an equal sensitivity to DSA in the detection of intracranial aneurysms >3 mm. It has also 100% detection rate in AcoA and MCA bifurcation aneurysms, while some locations, like posterior communicating artery aneurysms, remain problematic. The delineating features of each aneurysm are better depicted with CTA due to 3D visualization. The use of digital subtraction angiography as a diagnostic tool can be limited in equivocal cases.     

多层螺旋CT三维血管成像在颅内动脉瘤评价中的初步应用--与DSA的对比研究

目的通过与数字减影血管造影(DSA)的对比研究,初步探讨三维CT血管成像(3D—CTA)在颅内动脉瘤评价中的应用价值。资料与方法对24例临床疑有颅内动脉瘤患者进行3D—CTA和DSA。3D—CTA后处理技术包括多平面重建(MPR)、最大信号强度投影(MIP)以及容积重建(VRT)。3D—CTA和DSA分别由相互独立的放射科医师实施和诊断,分别记录动脉瘤的位置、大小、形态以及与周围动脉分支等的关系。同时调查神经外科医师及患者对两种影像手段的认可度。结果3D—CTA发现13例15个动脉瘤,遗漏1个直径1．2mm的动脉瘤,发现的最小动脉瘤长径为1.8mm。DSA发现14例16个动脉瘤。CTA在显示瘤颈以及相邻骨质结构上明显优于DSA,而DSA空间分辨率较高。神经外科医师多认为CTA可以用作颅内动脉瘤的筛查和术前评估,而DSA仍是金标准。患者对CTA的接受度较高。结论3D—CTA是检查颅内动脉瘤高度敏感的无创影像手段,它可以作为颅内动脉瘤筛查和术前评估的首选技术。     

Detection and characterization of very small cerebral aneurysms by using 2D and 3D helical CT angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Many cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage are due to rupture of small cerebral aneurysms. Our purpose was to evaluate the usefulness of helical CT angiography (CTA) in the detection and characterization of very small (<5 mm) intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: One hundred eighty consecutive patients underwent CTA for suspected intracranial aneurysms. All aneurysms prospectively detected by CTA were confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or at surgery. CT angiograms and digital subtraction angiograms were reviewed by two independent blinded radiologists who performed aneurysm detection, quantitation, and characterization using 2D multiplanar reformatted and 3D volume-rendering techniques. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients harboring 41 very small intracranial aneurysms were included in this series. Eighty-one percent (33 of 41 aneurysms) were 相似文献   

颅内动脉瘤双源CT血管成像与常规和三维DSA结果的比较

目的 评价双源CT血管成像(DSCTA)在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值,并与常规和三维旋转DSA进行对照研究.方法 95例自发性蛛网膜下腔出血患者同时进行了DSCTA和DSA检查,用2种方法分别评价动脉瘤的检出率、形态、长轴及动脉瘤瘤颈/短轴(N/D)比值.动脉瘤N/D值比较采用配对t检验,长轴比较采用两相关样本的非参数检验.结果 95例患者,DSA在63例患者中检出67个动脉瘤,DSCTA在60例患者中检出64个动脉瘤,32例患者未检测到动脉瘤.DSCrA检测动脉瘤总的诊断敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为94.2%、100.0%、100.0%、91.4%.DSCTA对长径33 nnn动脉瘤的检出率与DSA一致,其诊断敏感性、特异性均为100%;长径＜3 mm动脉瘤的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为80.O%和100.0%.DSA与DSCTA所测动脉瘤N/D比值分别为0.46±0.14、0.51±0.18,差异无统计学意义(t=3.20,P＞0.05);长轴中位数分别为4.9、4.8 mm,差异也无统计学意义(Z=-1.309,P＞0.05).结论 DSCTA在诊断颅内动脉瘤方面与常规和三维旋转DSA相比有很高的敏感性和特异性.提高了小动脉瘤的检出率,可作为一种无创性的常规筛查方法.     

多层螺旋CT 三维血管造影容积重建成像在颅内动脉瘤中的诊断价值

目的探讨多层面螺旋CT三维血管造影(MS 3D-CTA)容积重建(VR)技术在颅内动脉瘤中的诊断价值.方法对109例临床怀疑颅内动脉瘤的病人行MS 3D-CTA和DSA检查.使用GE Lightspeed pro 16层螺旋CT扫描仪获得原始图像,所有病例均采用VR技术对图像进行三维重建,20例同时有最大密度投影(MIP)辅助检查.VR和MIP后处理图像以及DSA图像由3位放射科医生用双盲法进行分析.结果DSA和手术证实83例共94个动脉瘤,其中单发74例,多发9例(7例2个动脉瘤,2例3个动脉瘤).VR图像上所测动脉瘤大小为1.3～32 mm,与DSA比较无显著性差异(t=1.548,P＞0.05).VR对颅内动脉瘤的敏感度为96.8%,特异度为92.9%,准确度为95.9%,阳性预测值为97.8%,阴性预测值为89.7%;DSA敏感度为97.9%,特异度为96.3%,准确度为97.5%,阳性预测值为98.9%,阴性预测值为92.9%.94个动脉瘤中,89个(94.7%)动脉瘤在VR图像上能清晰显示瘤体、瘤颈与载瘤动脉的三维空间关系,DSA为57个(60.6%).结论MS 3D-CTA VR的敏感度、特异度和准确度均较高,是一种快捷、经济和有效的检查技术.     

Clinical usefulness of unsubtracted 3D digital angiography compared with rotational digital angiography in the pretreatment evaluation of intracranial aneurysms

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is useful as a supplement to 2D DSA in the pretreatment evaluation of intracranial aneurysms. However, the clinical efficacy of 3D digital angiography (DA) that is generated from unsubtracted rotational images has not been established. The purpose of this study was to assess whether 3D DA provides additional useful information to that of rotational DA in the preoperative evaluation of intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: This prospective study comprised 23 patients (age range, 37-83 years) with ruptured aneurysms who underwent angiography. Two radiologists independently evaluated the rotational DA images and the maximum intensity projection, shaded surface display, and volume-rendering 3D DA images, in combination with 2D DSA images. A four-point scoring system was used to evaluate aneurysm detection and delineation. Referring neurosurgeons were questioned as to whether the information obtained with 3D DA was useful for treatment decisions. RESULTS: Thirty aneurysms were confirmed by surgery or endovascular treatment. In detection and delineation of the 30 confirmed aneurysms, overall mean scores were highest with volume-rendering 3D DA and lowest with rotational DA. Compared with rotational DA, volume-rendering 3D DA demonstrated 27 additional findings in 14 (47%) of 30 aneurysms: detection of an aneurysm (n = 2), and delineation of aneurysm neck, shape, and relationship to adjacent arteries (n = 25). The information provided by 3D DA was useful for following treatment in five (22%) of 23 patients. CONCLUSION: In the preoperative evaluation of intracranial aneurysms, 3D DA can provide additional useful information to that of rotational DA.     

实时触发动态增强MR颈动脉成像的临床应用

目的:探讨实时触发三维动态增强MR颈动脉成像的方法及其临床应用价值。方法:采用实时触发(care-bolus)快速梯度回波序列对62例疑有颈动脉病变的患者进行三维动态增强MR颈动脉成像。原始图像经最大信号投影(MIP)处理,根据MRA图像对病变血管及正常血管的显示情况采用优、良、差3级,对MRA图像质量进行评价。结果:所有检查病例图像质量均达到优良,能清晰显示正常解剖血管结构及病变情况。62例中有33例发现血管病变,MRA结果与手术(n=10)、DSA(n=5)和/或多普勒超声(n=33)结果一致。结论:实时触发三维动态增强MR颈动脉成像能较好显示颈部血管情况,是一种简便易行、有效的颈部血管检查方法。