鼻内镜下两种不同径路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎疗效分析

目的 比较鼻内镜下两种不同径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎的临床疗效.方法 取鼻内镜中鼻道联合下鼻道双径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎(40例)作为治疗组,单纯鼻内镜中鼻道径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎(40例)作为对照组,比较两组术后疗效.结果 随访1年,治疗组治愈39例,无效 1例;对照组治愈32例,无效8例(χ²=4.507,P<0.05).结论 中、下鼻道联合径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎疗效优于单纯鼻内镜中鼻道径路手术, 是一种微创、有效、安全的治疗真菌性上颌窦炎的手术方式.     

鼻内镜下中鼻道联合泪前隐窝入路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎

目的 探讨鼻内镜下经中鼻道上颌窦自然口扩大联合泪前隐窝入路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎的适应证及疗效。 方法 回顾分析2008年6月至2014年6月行鼻内镜下经中鼻道上颌窦自然口扩大联合泪前隐窝入路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎32例患者的临床资料,分析联合入路的适应证、疗效及并发症。 结果 患者均完整彻底清除病变,无并发症发生。随访1年半以上,均无复发。 结论 鼻内镜下经中鼻道上颌窦自然口扩大联合泪前隐窝入路视野清晰,对上颌窦暴露充分,上颌窦霉菌清除彻底,创伤小,疗效确切,可作为鼻内镜下经中鼻道行上颌窦扩大或辅助下鼻道开窗仍无法彻底清除窦内霉菌的首选方法。     

鼻内窥镜下中、下鼻道上颌窦开窗术比较

鼻内窥镜下上颌窦开窗术是治疗慢性上颌窦炎的有效方法,传统的上颌窦根治术是在下鼻道开窗引流,当今鼻内窥镜手术多提倡扩大上颌窦自然开口,经中鼻道上颌窦开窗术。为观察不同手术径路对治疗上颌窦炎的疗效影响,增加临床实践经验,我科于１９９７年４月～１９９８年８月选择慢性上颌窦炎３７例,分别行鼻内窥镜下中、下鼻道上颌窦开窗术,并观察治疗效果。结果：３７例随访均在６个月以上,其中,中鼻道开窗１９例,治愈１２例,好转６例,无效１例,有效率９４．７％。下鼻道开窗１８例,治愈１３例,好转４例,无效１例,有效率９４．…     

经鼻内镜中下鼻道联合开窗治疗非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎

目的 探讨经鼻内镜中、下鼻道联合开窗治疗非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎的疗效.方法 对48例非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎实施鼻内镜中、下鼻道联合开窗术.结果 48例术后效果良好,经6个月～3年随访,无复发及并发症发生.结论 经鼻内镜中、下鼻道联台开窗治疗非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎能彻底清除窦腔死角病变,便于术后冲洗、观察,避免复发,临床疗效肯定.     

鼻内镜下中下鼻道联合开窗手术治疗非侵袭型真菌性上颌窦炎的疗效分析

目的分析鼻内镜下中下鼻道联合开窗手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎患者的临床效果。方法回顾性分析我院2010年1月至2015年5月期间收治的70例非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎患者的临床资料,按照入院顺序将所有患者分为两组,即:研究组(35例)与对照组(35例)。对照组35例非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎患者给予常规鼻内镜下中鼻道开放手术治疗,研究组35例非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎患者给予鼻内镜下中下鼻道联合开窗手术治疗;对比两组非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎患者术后6个月的临床治疗总有效率与复发率。结果研究组35例非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎患者的临床治疗总有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组35例非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎患者的复发率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论鼻内镜下中下鼻道联合开窗手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎患者的临床效果十分显著,值得在临床中推广运用。     

鼻内镜下鼻腔外侧壁开窗治疗上颌骨囊肿

目的 探讨在鼻内镜下行鼻腔外侧壁开窗治疗上颌骨囊肿的手术方法及临床疗效.方法 对19例上颌骨囊肿,根据囊肿的位置、大小及累及上颌窦的范围,在鼻内镜下行鼻腔外侧壁开窗,使囊肿腔与上颌窦、鼻腔引流通畅.结果 术后随访12~24个月, 囊肿术腔黏膜于术后3个月上皮化,囊肿均无复发,术腔与鼻窦腔开窗口通畅.结论 经鼻内镜下鼻腔外侧壁开窗治疗上颌骨囊肿,符合微创手术的特征,满足鼻腔、鼻窦生理功能,疗效良好.     

经鼻内镜中下鼻道联合扩大入路治疗上颌窦后鼻孔息肉

目的 探讨经鼻内镜中下鼻道联合扩大入路治疗上颌窦后鼻孔息肉(ACP)的临床疗效。 方法 回顾性分析山东省枣庄矿业集团中心医院耳鼻咽喉科自2011年12月至2014年11月收治的31例上颌窦后鼻孔息肉患者的临床资料,根据手术方式分为A组、B组。A组14例经鼻内镜常规开放上颌窦口和息肉切除,在角度镜下手术;B组17例在A组的基础上骨折内移下鼻甲,联合下鼻道开窗扩大入路内镜直视下切除息肉和上颌窦病变。 结果 所有患者鼻塞、打鼾、鼻出血、头痛及耳闷症状消失。A组术后病情部分控制4例(28.6%),随访中复发病情未控制5例(35.7%)后纳入B组;B组术后病情部分控制2例(11.8%),随访中未见复发病例,病情控制率为88.2%(15/17)。病情控制率组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 两组方法治疗ACP均有良好临床效果,B组因视野更清晰、操作更方便、术后利于引流和复查、病情控制率高、术后复发率低,更具优势。     

鼻内镜下中下鼻道联合开窗治疗难治性上颌窦炎76例分析

目的总结鼻内镜手术治疗难治性上颌窦炎的守住技巧及疗效。方法鼻内镜手术治疗的76例难治性上颌窦炎患者,回顾性分析其临床资料,总结手术技巧及疗效。结果均采用鼻内镜联合下鼻道开窗术治疗,术中已彻底清除病变,术后鼻内镜随访3~6月以上。除1例患者双侧鼻腔内仍有脓性分泌物外,其余75例均临床治愈,术腔上皮化,无脓性分泌物。结论鼻内镜联合下鼻道开窗术是治疗难治性上颌窦炎的有效方法,可彻底清除上颌窦病变,便于术后复查,复发率低。     

上颌窦息肉及囊肿处理方法的探讨

目的 :探讨鼻内镜下上颌窦内息肉、囊肿手术切除方法。方法 :将上颌窦内有息肉和囊肿的 96例患者随机分为两组 :治疗组 5 0例 ,对照组 4 6例。治疗组应用Rudolf 4 .5mm上颌窦开窗器 ,经下鼻道钻孔 ,套管内窥及息肉和囊肿 ,电动吸引切割器切除。对照组经扩大的自然开口 ,用上颌窦息肉钳清除窦口可见到的息肉和囊肿。结果 :术后随访 6个月 ,治疗组治愈 4 1例 ,好转 8例 ,无效 1例 ,总有效率为 98.0 0 % ,治愈率为 82 .0 0 % ;对照组治愈 2 8例 ,好转 11例 ,无效 7例 ,总有效率为 84 .78% ,治愈率为 6 0 .87% ,两组比较 ,差异均有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1和P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :鼻内镜下经下鼻道钻孔上颌窦息肉、囊肿电动吸引切割术是一种简单、疗效肯定的手术方法 ,可以提高慢性鼻窦炎的治愈率。     

鼻内镜下鼻道黏骨膜翻瓣开窗治疗上颌窦良性病变

目的 探讨鼻内镜下鼻道黏骨膜翻瓣开窗治疗上颌窦良性病变的手术效果和优点.方法 采用鼻内镜下鼻道黏骨膜翻瓣开窗法治疗38例上颌窦囊肿,11例真菌性上颌窦炎(非侵袭性型),10～74岁,中位数40岁,并随访6个月～2年.结果 49例症状均2周后有明显的改善,1～3个月后头痛、异味、上列牙痛、牙齿麻木感等症状逐渐消失.下鼻道开窗处引流通畅,无流泪、鼻腔粘连等并发症发生.随访6个月～2年,未见病变复发.结论 鼻内镜下鼻道黏骨膜翻瓣开窗治疗上颌窦良性病变创伤小,不良反应少,操作简便、易掌握,是一种行之有效的手术.     

上颌窦冲洗在鼻内镜治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎中的应用

目的 探讨鼻内镜手术结合术中冲洗治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎的疗效。方法 2009年12月至2012年12月我科共诊治55例真菌球型上颌窦炎患者,随机分成两组。A组27例,采用单纯鼻内镜中鼻道径路治疗;B组28例,采用鼻内镜中鼻道径路结合术中冲洗治疗。术后随访,比较两组疗效。结果 术后随访至少6个月,两组术中、术后均无并发症发生。A组治愈21例,有6例复发,在第2次手术时术中冲洗最终治愈;B组治愈28例,无1例复发。B组疗效明显优于A组。结论 相比较单纯鼻内镜中鼻道径路手术,鼻内镜中鼻道径路手术结合术中冲洗治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎具有更确切的疗效,符合微创理念,值得临床推广。     

Results of Caldwell-Luc after failed endoscopic middle meatus antrostomy in patients with chronic sinusitis

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The Caldwell-Luc operation for treatment of medically refractory chronic maxillary sinusitis has largely been replaced by functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Despite this change, the Caldwell-Luc procedure still has well documented indications including treatment of both failed endoscopic middle meatus antrostomy and irreversible mucosal changes. The purpose of the study was to review the authors' experience and results of Caldwell-Luc procedure after failed endoscopic middle meatus antrostomy in patients clinically deemed to have irreversible mucosal changes. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of preoperative and postoperative results of patients who underwent Caldwell-Luc procedure for refractory chronic maxillary sinusitis after failed endoscopic middle meatus antrostomy. METHODS: The preoperative and postoperative clinical course of patients treated with Caldwell-Luc procedure performed by a single surgeon between 1996 and 2001 were reviewed. Only patients with a history of chronic sinusitis after failed maximal medical therapy, no prior Caldwell-Luc procedure, prior endoscopic middle meatus antrostomy, and at least 6 months of follow-up were included. Outcome measurements including documented endoscopic examinations and the need for repeat surgery, and postoperative computed tomography scan results were evaluated to assess treatment success. RESULTS: The study involved 11 men and 26 women who underwent 50 Caldwell-Luc procedures. Caldwell-Luc procedure was performed bilaterally in 13 patients. The average number of prior endoscopic middle meatus antrostomies before Caldwell-Luc procedure was 2. Of all patients, 92% responded to surgical treatment as demonstrated by an endoscopic examination or computed tomography scan revealing a disease-free maxillary sinus. Repeat Caldwell-Luc procedure was required in 8.0% (n = 3) because of continued sinusitis. Two of the three cases with repeat Caldwell-Luc procedures demonstrated clinical improvement during follow-up. Average follow-up was 23.5 months. CONCLUSION: Caldwell-Luc procedure seems to be highly effective in the management of medically refractory chronic sinusitis after failed endoscopic middle meatus antrostomy. Caldwell-Luc procedure should remain in the otolaryngologist's surgical repertoire for these selected cases.     

Bilateral antrochoanal polyps originated from inferior meatal antrostomies

We present the first reported case of simultaneously occurring bilateral antrochoanal polyps in a 49-year-old female patient, originated from previously performed inferior antrostomies as a treatment for chronic maxillary sinusitis. The antrochoanal polyps were removed by endoscopic surgery with combined approach through the inferior and middle meatal antrostomies. Microscopic analysis of the specimens showed benign inflammatory antrochoanal polyps. Follow-up appointment 6 months postoperatively showed patent antrostomies and no recurrence of the disease. Endoscopic treatment with middle meatal antrostomy is the recommended technique in most cases of antrochoanal polyps as the greater portion of the antral part of the polyp can be removed with the healthy antral mucosa left intact promoting epithelialization and mucociliary clearance of the antrum. Inferior antrostomy can be an additional part of the operation in selected cases.     

鼻内镜下中鼻甲功能性部分切除治疗慢性鼻窦炎76例分析

目的 观察鼻内镜手术中鼻甲功能性部分切除对于有中鼻甲病变的慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者的疗效。 方法 2014年1月至2017年1月收治的76例慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者行功能性鼻内镜手术。依中鼻甲有无病变及是否行中鼻甲切除分为观察组(n=38)与对照组(n=38),观察两组手术时间、疗效、中鼻甲粘连和术后主观症状评分。 结果 观察组手术时间为(50.53±6.25)min、对照组为(58.11±6.09)min,差异有统计学意义(t=5.355, P<0.001);术后随访6个月,两组患者治疗有效率均为100%,其中对照组的治愈率为78.95%(30/38),观察组为81.58%(31/38),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后中鼻甲粘连率(χ2=4.155, P=0.042)和主观症状评分差异有统计学意义(Z=3.68, P=0.031)。 结论 对有中鼻甲病变的慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者实施鼻内镜手术时行功能性部分中鼻甲切除,能明显缩短患者手术时间、减少中鼻甲粘连率、改善患者的主观症状。     

Effects of fibrin sealant-containing antibiotics in a rabbit model of chronic sinusitis

Postoperative complications of sinus surgery include bleeding, infection, and synechiae. Improved subjective outcomes in humans treated with fibrin sealant (FS) after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) have been reported. Streptococcus pneumoniae was used to initiate chronic sinusitis in occluded rabbit sinuses in order to evaluate the role of FS in mucosal healing. Six weeks later, all animals had maxillary antrostomies. Homologous FS-containing ciprofloxicin (100 mg/mL) and clindamycin (15 mg/mL) was applied topically to treatment rabbits (n = 9). Control rabbits (n = 10) received no antibiotics. Two weeks into the recovery phase after antrostomies, all animals were re-examined. Mucociliary transport velocity (mean +/- standard deviation in mm/minute) was measured in all sinuses (n = 38) during healthy (100% measurable, 13.82 +/- 4.16), infected (18% measurable, 4.74 +/- 0.42), and recovery phases (5% measurable, 6.30 +/- 4.67). In both groups, mucopurulent discharge was present in the majority of sinuses (control group 18/20, FS group 16/18). In addition, there was no significant difference in the recovery phase between the two groups when comparing changes in the size of antrostomies, light microscopy, or culture clearance. Scanning electron microscopy did suggest a possible improvement in ciliary regeneration in the FS group. Application of FS-containing antibiotics did not appear to improve healing after ESS in our rabbit model of chronic sinusitis.     

不同手术入路治疗上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎94例的临床分析

目的探讨不同手术入路治疗上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析94例上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎患者的临床资料,分别采用3种手术径路,即柯一陆手术入路31例、鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放入路33例、鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放联合下鼻道开窗入路30例;比较不同术式的临床疗效。结果所有患者术后均随访12个月。其中采用柯-陆手术入路患者治愈率74．2％（23／31）,5例出现面部麻木,无溢泪及鼻腔粘连等并发症;采用鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放人路患者治愈率81．8％（27／33）,7例患者出现鼻腔粘连,鼻内镜下直接分开后好转,无溢泪及面部麻木等症状;采用鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放联合下鼻道开窗入路患者治愈率100％,5例患者出现鼻腔粘连,鼻内镜下直接分开后好转,无溢泪及面部麻木等并发症。结论鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放联合下鼻道开窗入路是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎的手术方式。     

Submucous inferior turbinotomy cooperating with combined antrostomies for endonasal eradication of severe and intractable sinusitis

Objective

This paper aims to prove the usefulness of submucous inferior turbinotomy cooperating with the combined middle and the inferior antrostomies in endoscopic endonasal sinus surgery (ESS), enabling the eradication of severe maxillary sinusitis without extranasal approaches. The long-term surgical outcomes of 22 adult patients are presented together with details of this procedure.

Methods

Subjects comprised 22 adult patients with severe unilateral maxillary sinusitis, showing total opacification on computed tomography and failure of medical treatments preoperatively. Patients who could be managed using conventional ESS methods were excluded. Endoscopic submucous resection of the inferior turbinate bone including the uncinate process was first performed. The procedure aimed to make both the middle and the inferior nasal meatus wide enough to eradicate the sinus disease, cooperating with combined antrostomies.

Results

Pathology comprised multiple massive polyposis including antrochoanal polyps in 6 and fungal ball in 16 patients. Neither surgical complications nor recurrent disease was seen postoperatively in any patient. Postoperative endoscopic management via both openings was easy and facilitated the restoration of mucosal lining in the sinus.

Conclusion

We proved our new surgical procedure was useful in ESS without any extranasal approaches, although applied to unilateral lesions in the current study. Postoperative management via the middle and the inferior meatal openings helped to facilitate postoperative mucosal healing.     

鼻内镜手术中扩大上颌窦自然口的意义

目的：探讨鼻内镜手术中扩大上颌窦自然口对上颌窦炎转归的影响。方法：将慢性上颌窦炎218例随机均分为两组,A组的手术范围是切除钩突、筛泡,开放前、中、后组筛窦,扩大上颌窦自然开口,切除部分肥厚明显的中鼻甲;B组手术范围是切除钩突、筛泡,开放前、中组筛窦,不处理上颌窦自然开口,尽量保留中鼻甲,特别肥厚者也行部分切除。结果：218例均随访1年以上。按海口1997年疗效评定标准,A组治愈100例,治愈率92%,B组治愈99例,治愈率91%;A组好转9例,好转率8%,B组好转10例,好转率9%。结论：鼻内镜手术范围的关键是切除窦口鼻道复合体的解剖变异,是否扩大上颌窦口并不十分重要。     

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Inflammatory Maxillary Sinus Disease

Objective/Hypothesis The role of endoscopic sinus surgery for treating chronic maxillary sinusitis is well established. The purpose of the study is to determine the efficacy of endoscopic sinus surgery in the treatment of maxillary sinus inflammatory disease that includes mucoceles, retention cysts, and antrochoanal polyps. Study Design This is a retrospective review of 32 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for mucoceles (n = 21), retention cysts (n = 5), or antrochoanal polyps (n = 6). Methods The medical records were reviewed for patient demographics, presenting symptoms, and type of operation. Surgical outcome was determined by resolution of symptoms, recurrence of disease, and need for revision or additional surgery. Results Ethmoidectomy with middle meatal antrostomy was performed in all patients; 28 patients had additional middle turbinectomy. Postoperative follow‐up ranged from 6 months to 4 years. The operation resulted in resolution of symptoms and a patent antrostomy on long‐term follow‐up in all cases of mucoceles. No case required revision surgery. On the other hand, the disease recurred in three patients (60%) with retention cysts and three patients (50%) with antrochoanal polyps despite patent antrostomies. The recurrences occurred 3 to 6 months after the surgery. The recurrent cases of antrochoanal polyps required Caldwell Luc procedures. The three failures in cases of retention cysts were successfully managed with repeated office endoscopic marsupialization through a patent antrostomy. Conclusions Endoscopic sinus surgery is an effective treatment for mucoceles, with favorable long‐term outcome. Maxillary retention cysts commonly recur after endoscopic sinus surgery. However, the recurrence can be managed in the office through a patent antrostomy. Endoscopic sinus surgery may be offered as initial surgical treatment for antrochoanal polyps, but a Caldwell Luc operation may be needed for recurrent disease.