贻贝多活素的药理学研究

观察了贻贝多海素（ＭＳＭ）对实验性血栓形成和血小板聚集的影响。大鼠经ｉｇＭＳＭ１．３５、２．７和５．４ｇ（ｋｇ．ｄ）连续２８天后，对“旋转环法”所形成的大鼠实验性血栓有明显抑制作用。其血栓湿重分别为１０５．１、９７３和８９．３ｍｇ，与生理盐水（ＮＳ）对照组的１４２．７ｍｇ相比较，差异非常显著；其血栓干重亦明显低于ＮＳ组。同样的给药途径和剂量，ＭＳＭ可抑制ＡＤ忸的大鼠血小板聚集，使其最大聚集率降低，     

贻贝多活素对鹌鹑实验性动脉粥样硬化的影响

贻贝多活素是从贻贝生物贻贝中提取的多种活性物质。采用食饵性动脉粥样硬化（ＡＳ）模型，研究贻贝多活素的调血脂和抗ＡＳ作用。结果表明，贻贝多活素（５、１０、２０ｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１，ｉｇ，连续４ｗｋ或８ｗｋ）可使鹌鹑升高的血脂（ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ和ＶＬＤＬ－Ｃ）水平明显降低，ＨＤＬ－Ｃ水平未见升高，但ＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＴＣ明显升高；同时明显降低鹌鹑主动脉和心肌ＴＧ、ＴＣ含量。另外，对鹌鹑主动脉内膜粥样斑块的形成有明显的抑制作用，以及明显改善肝脏的病变情况。以上结果提示贻贝多活素有调血脂和抗ＡＳ作用。     

贻贝多活素动物安全性评价的实验研究

贻贝多活素是从紫贻贝肉提取的多种活性物质。选用昆明种小鼠和Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠，对ＪＳＭ进行了急性、长期毒性试验。结果表明，小鼠对ＭＳＭ的最大耐受量超过２５２ｇ／（ｋｇ．ｄ）；ＭＳＭ对大鼠心、肝、脾、肺、肾等１２种脏器的均无形太学改变，但高剂量组大因小板减少，停药１５天后未能恢复，与对照组比较差异非常显著。这提示ＭＳＭ在治疗量范围内毒性极微。     

贻贝多活素的药理学研究：Ⅰ对实验性心肌缺血的保护作用及其机制的…

用两种模型研究贻贝多活素对实验性心肌缺血的保护作用。在结扎冠脉致大鼠急性心肌梗死实验中，ＭＳＭ可明显降低缺血ＥＫＧ中Ｓ－Ｔ段异常抬高的程度，ΣＳＴ分别为２５．２．２７．８和２１．８ｍＶ，与ＮＳ对照组差异非常显著，Ｎ－ＢＴ染色显示心肌梗死的范围明显缩小。     

甘泉6号对大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响

目的观察甘泉6号对大鼠肠系膜微循环的作用。方法Wistar大鼠21只 ,随机分为3组。1组空白对照;2,3组分别给予甘泉6号1.5g ·kg-1、3.0g·kg-1 ,连续灌胃10d ,末次给药30min后 ,经舌静脉注射无菌新鲜羊水2ml·kg -1造成微循环障碍模型。结果对照组注射羊水后 ,血流速度减慢、血流量减少(P<0.05)。甘泉6号组注射羊水前后无明显差异 (P>0.05)。药物组与对照组比较有统计学意义 (P<0.05、P<0.01)。结论甘泉6号能预防注射羊水所引起的大鼠肠系膜微循环障碍 ,同时能增加细胞的耐缺氧能力 ,改善微循环障碍。     

栓必灵对大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响

目的:研究栓必灵对大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响。方法:大鼠分别舌静脉注射栓必灵45、90、180IU/kg ,采用显微录像静画步进法观察给药30min后大鼠肠系膜毛细血管血流速度、血流状态及血管内径的变化。结果:低、中、高剂量组血流速度增加率分别为24.25 %、26. 34 %和25. 88 % ;细动脉内径增加率分别为21. 37 %、27 .13 %和28. 80 % ;细静脉内径增加率分别为6 .70 %、9. 31 %和12 .95 % ;血流状态明显改善。结论:栓必灵有改善大鼠肠系膜微循环的作用。     

至宝三鞭酒新、旧配方对大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响

目的观察新、旧两种配方的至宝三鞭酒对正常青年和老年大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响。方法1.观察至宝三鞭酒对正常青年大鼠肠系膜肾上腺素滴注前后微循环的影响;2.观察至宝三鞭酒对正常老年大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响。结果1.至宝三鞭酒新方能改善肾上腺素滴注后红细胞流态、流速、血管管径、血管痉挛恢复时间的异常;2.至宝三鞭酒新、旧配方均能改善正常老年大鼠肠系膜微血管管径,且能显著增加毛细血管的流速。结论至宝三鞭酒新、旧配方均能改善正常青年及老年大鼠肠系膜微循环。     

贻贝抗菌肽贻贝素研究进展

抗菌肽作为一种免疫因子在无脊椎动物中广泛存在,能够在生物体内迅速合成;具有广谱抗菌活性,对细菌、真菌、原生动物等都有作用,但对真核细胞无毒害;分子质量一般在9．92ku以下;多数是阳离子分子。对贻贝免疫防御中扮演重要角色的抗菌肽一贻贝素（Mytilins）的分子结构与分类、基因结构、抗菌谱、表达定位及其作用机制进行了综述。     

松针提取物对小鼠肠系膜微循环障碍的影响

目的:研究松针提取物对小鼠肠系膜微循环障碍的影响。方法:采用小鼠肠系膜微循环实验,空肠袢滴加肾上腺素0.2mL(1∶10000),分别于滴加前及滴加2、5min时观察微血管管径大小、微血流速度、毛细血管网交点开放数的变化情况。结果:松针提取物能明显改善肾上腺素引起的微静脉、微动脉管径的收缩;提高血管内微血流的速度,但作用时间不长;同时还能改善毛细血管网交点开放数的减少。结论:松针提取物能改善肾上腺素引起的小鼠肠系膜微循环障碍,有一定的活血作用。     

Traditional Chinese medicine formula Qing Huo Yi Hao as superoxide anion scavenger in high glucose-treated endothelial cells

Aim:

To investigate the effects of a traditional Chinese medicine formula Qing Huo Yi Hao (QHYH) and its components on hydroxyl radical (HO^•) production in vitro and the activity of QHYH against free radicals in cultured endothelial cells induced by high glucose.

Methods:

Hydroxyl radicals (HO^•) were generated through Fenton reactions in vitro, and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) was used as a spin trap to form DMPO/HO^• adducts detected using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Immortalized mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial (bEnd.3) cells were treated with high glucose (35 mmol/L). The free radical scavenging ability of QHYH in the cells was evaluated using EPR. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was used to identify the free radicals scavenged by QHYH in the cells.

Results:

QHYH and its 8 components concentration-dependently reduced DMPO/HO^• signaling. The DMPO/HO^• adduct scavenging ability of QHYH was 82.2%, which was higher than each individual component. The free radical scavenging ability of 1% QHYH in high glucose-treated bEnd.3 cells was approximately 70%. In these cells, the free radicals were also specifically reduced by SOD (400 U/mL), implying that the free radicals were primarily superoxide anions.

Conclusion:

The results demonstrate that the QHYH formula is potent antioxidant acting as scavenge of superoxide anions in high glucose-treated endothelial cells.     

Effects of stress and of autonomic blockers on gastric mucosal microcirculation in rats.

Changes in gastric mucosal microcirculation in rats were studied by using the method of intra-aortic injection of India ink, followed by microdissection of the mucosa. Acute stress, induced by restraint and exposure to cold for 2 hr, caused marked and significant vasodilatation in the gastric mucosa. This vasodilatation was prevented by pretreatment with atropine or chlorpromazine, but not by alpha- or theta-adrenoceptor blocking agents. Phentolamine caused significant vasoconstriction in the gastric mucosa of non-stressed rats, but when animals were stressed phentolamine induced a greater vasodilatation than was obtained with stress alone. These observations provide added support for the hypothesis that stress induces vagal overactivity, probably of central origin. The resulting strong contractions of the gastric wall, and compression of the intramural vessels, are probably responsible for degeneration of the mucosal cells leading to the formation of stress-induced ulcers in the rat.     

阿司匹林、维拉帕米单用和合用对大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响

目的研究阿司匹林(Asp)与维拉帕米(Ver)合用对大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响。方法右旋糖酐(Mr480000)360mg     

阿司匹林,硝苯地平单用和合用对大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响

目的:研究阿司匹林(Asp)与硝苯地平(Nif)并用对大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响。方法:Dextran(M_r480000)360mg·kg~(-1)iv制备大鼠肠系膜急性微循环障碍(AMD)模型,采用活体微循环法观察肠系膜微循环细动,静脉血流速度(ABFV,VBFV),血流状态(BFS),血管口径(AD,VD)的变化。结果:Asp 2.5,5mg·kg~(-1),Nif0.05,0.1mg·kg~(-1),Asp Nif(1 0.025),(2.5 0.05)mg·kg~(-1)iv可使ABFV增大各为11.1％,31.3％,18.5％,19.3％,30.5％,39.8％,VBFV则为12.5％,25.7％,12.6％,15.2％,29.6％,36.1％,BFS改善,AD增大各为4.3％,17.9％,35.9％,39.7％,15.2％,42.8％,VD则为2.2％,4.2％,26.2％,27.4％,3.4％,28.9％,CN增多,ivAsp Nif可明显逆转AMD。结论:Asp增快ABFV,VBFV作用优于Nif,而Nif扩AD,VD作用强于Asp,两者合用呈协同效应,并对dextran诱导的AMD具有拮抗作用。     

肝精补血素对失血性血虚症的影响

肝精补血素对失血性血虚拟模型大鼠，小鼠的ＲＢＣ，Ｈｂ有显著的升高作用，可刺激网织红细胞的生成，并对正常小鼠的ＲＢＣ、Ｈｂ有明显的升高作用。     

氨酰心安及吲达帕胺对高血压病患者甲襞微循环的影响

本文对比观察氨酰心安和吲达帕胺对高血压病患者甲襞微循环的影响。治疗前高血压组甲襞微循环各项积分值及总积分值均显著正常对照组。氨酰心胺治疗后，除襻周状态积分降低外，其余各项积分值及总积分值均无显著变化；甲襞微循环血管密度及血流速度也无明显改变。