术前预置腹主动脉球囊在凶险性前置胎盘中的应用效果观察

目的:观察术前预置腹主动脉球囊在凶险性前置胎盘中的临床应用效果。方法:选取2016年10月～2018年10月我院收治的60例凶险性前置胎盘患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各30例。对照组直接进行剖宫产手术,观察组于剖宫产手术前预置腹主动脉球囊进行间歇性阻断,比较两组出血情况、术中输血量、术中凝血酶原时间、子宫切除率、术后住院时间、并发症发生情况(随访6个月)及新生儿阿氏评分。结果:观察组术中出血量、术后24 h出血量、术中输血量及术中凝血酶原时间均明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义,P0.05;观察组子宫切除率为0.00%,明显低于对照组的16.67%,差异有统计学意义,P0.05;观察组术后平均住院时间明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义,P0.05;两组术后并发症发生率及新生儿阿氏评分相比较,差异无统计学意义,P0.05。结论:凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产术前预置腹主动脉球囊进行间歇性阻断,可明显减少患者出血量,降低术中子宫切除率,且术后恢复快。     

术前腹主动脉球囊阻断对凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入患者子宫切除率及预后的影响

目的:探讨术前腹主动脉球囊阻断对凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入患者子宫切除率及预后的影响。方法:选取2013年1月~2016年5月我院收治的凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入患者94例,随机分为对照组和观察组各47例。观察组患者剖宫产术前给予腹主动脉球囊阻断术,对照组患者直接行剖宫产术。比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、子宫切除率、术后转ICU率、住院时间及下肢血栓率。结果:观察组手术时间、术中出血量、子宫切除率及术后转ICU率、住院时间与下肢血栓率均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入患者剖宫产术前行腹主动脉球囊阻断术,可明显缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量,降低子宫切除率,改善预后。     

自体血回收联合腹主动脉球囊临时阻断技术在凶险型前置胎盘伴胎盘植入剖宫产术中的应用

目的探讨回收式自体血回输联合腹主动脉球囊临时阻断技术在凶险型前置胎盘伴胎盘植入剖宫产术中的应用。方法选择2014年1月-2017年12月48例凶险型前置胎盘伴胎盘植入产妇,将其分成3组:球囊组、回收组和联合组,每组16例。球囊组患者应用球囊低位临时阻断腹主动脉技术,回收患者术中应用自体血回收,联合组患者同时应用回收式自体血回输和腹主动脉球囊临时阻断技术。比较3组产妇术中出血量、输血量、子宫壁缝合时间、新生儿评分、脐动脉血pH值;自体采血前(T1)、采血后即刻(T2)、关腹时(T3)、术后24 h(T4)各时点的血流动力学指标;血红蛋白(Hb)水平、血细胞比容(Hct)水平、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)和纤维蛋白原(Fib)。结果球囊组和回收组间各时点MAP、HR和SpO2均无统计学差异,且两组患者新生儿评分、脐动脉血pH值及Hb、Hct、PT、APTT和Fib均无统计学差异。与球囊组和回收组比较,联合组各时点MAP、HR和SpO2波动小;联合组各时点Hb、Hct、PT、APTT和Fib均有统计学差异,其中PT和Fib时间和分组因素有交互作用。与球囊组和回收组比较,联合组产妇T2、T3时点Hb、HCT和Fib水平增加(85.6±9.3/86.2±9.2 vs 95.5±8.6,109.9±6.7/108.6±7.5 vs 115.7±7.3;0.25±0.05/0.23±0.08 vs 0.30±0.07,0.29±0.05/0.29±0.06 vs 0.34±0.07;2.7±0.6/2.5±0.9 vs 3.4±0.7,2.9±0.8/3.0±1.0 vs 3.6±0.6,均为P<0.05),PT和APTT缩短13.2±1.1/13.5±1.3 vs 12.0±0.9,12.6±1.1/12.8±1.5 vs 11.8±0.8;35.5±3.7/35.6±3.5 vs 32.5±3.6,31.9±4.0/32.2±3.8 vs 29.2±2.5,均为P<0.05)及1 min Apgar评分增高(8.6±0.4/8.5±0.6 vs 9.1±0.6,均为P<0.05);与球囊组比较,回收组和联合组异体输血量减少(488.5±58.2 vs 135.8±66.5/122.6±35.0,均为P<0.05),但回收组和联合组异体输血量差异无统计学意义。3组产妇出血量、子宫壁缝合时间、子宫切除率、5 min Apgar评分和脐动脉血pH值差异无统计学意义。结论回收式自体血回输联合腹主动脉球囊临时阻断技术可改善凶险型前置胎盘伴胎盘植入产妇剖宫产术中的贫血、凝血功能和新生儿出生后即刻的身体状况。     

低位腹主动脉球囊阻断术用于凶险型前置胎盘并胎盘植入剖宫产术患者止血效果及安全性评价

目的探讨低位腹主动脉球囊阻断术用于凶险型前置胎盘(pernicious placenta previa,PPP)并胎盘植入行剖宫产术患者的止血效果及安全性。方法选择2017年5月-2018年7月我院PPP并胎盘植入行剖宫产术产妇184例,根据治疗方法的不同分为观察组94例和对照组90例。观察组剖宫产术中应用低位腹主动脉球囊阻断术,对照组应用常规剖宫产止血方法处理。观察两组手术相关指标,两组术前及术后24 h血红蛋白(Hb)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)水平,术后1个月两组并发症及产妇子宫复旧情况。结果观察组手术时间短于对照组,术中输血量、术中出血量、术后24 h阴道出血量均少于对照组,子宫切除率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);术后24 h两组Hb水平均较术前显著降低,且术后24 h观察组Hb水平显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);手术前后两组组间及组内PT、TT水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后切口感染、产褥感染、弥散性血管内凝血发生率均低于对照组,子宫复旧率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论低位腹主动脉球囊阻断术用于PPP并胎盘植入患者剖宫产术,具有较好的止血效果,能缩短手术时间,减少术中输血及出血量,降低子宫切除率及术后并发症发生率,且有利于纠正贫血状况,对凝血功能无明显影响。     

间歇性阻断腹主动脉联合剖宫产术治疗凶险性前置胎盘并胎盘植入效果观察

目的探讨凶险性前置胎盘并胎盘植入采用间歇性阻断腹主动脉联合剖宫产术治疗的临床效果。方法选取2015年4月至2017年11月凶险性前置胎盘并胎盘植入患者90例,根据抽签法分为研究组和对照组,每组45例。研究组采用间歇性阻断腹主动脉联合剖宫产术治疗,对照组采用常规剖宫产术治疗,比较两组动脉栓塞术与子宫切除率、手术相关指标、并发症发生率。结果观察组术后住院时间、手术时间短于对照组,术中输血量、出血量少于对照组,动脉栓塞术、子宫切除率,并发症发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论凶险性前置胎盘并胎盘植入采用间歇性阻断腹主动脉联合剖宫产术治疗可缩短手术时间,减少出血量,降低术后并发症发生率及子宫切除率,缩短住院时间。     

腹主动脉球囊临时阻断术对凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产患者的影响研究

目的:探讨腹主动脉球囊临时阻断术对凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产患者的影响。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月~2019年2月收治的94例凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产患者的临床资料,根据手术方法不同分为观察组50例和对照组44例。观察组行腹主动脉球囊临时阻断术+剖宫产,对照组行常规剖宫产术。比较两组术中情况、术后情况及新生儿情况,并统计并发症发生情况。结果:观察组手术时间短于对照组,术中出血量、术中输血量、子宫切除率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组转ICU率低于对照组,ICU住院时间、术后住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组新生儿1 min、5 min Apgar评分以及出生体质量比较无显著差异(P>0.05);两组术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:腹主动脉球囊临时阻断术能显著缩短凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产患者的手术时间,减少术中出血量,降低子宫切除率,确保母婴安全。     

球囊间歇性阻断腹主动脉联合剖宫产术治疗凶险性前置胎盘

目的:探讨球囊间歇性阻断腹主动脉联合剖宫产术治疗凶险性前置胎盘的临床效果。方法:选取2017年6月～2018年9月我院收治的46例凶险性前置胎盘患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方案的不同分为观察组和对照组,每组23例。对照组行常规剖腹产术;观察组行间歇性阻断腹主动脉联合剖宫产术。比较两组术中出血量、术中输血量、手术时间、住院时间和术后并发症(子宫切除、感染和下肢血栓等)发生情况。结果:观察组术中出血量和术中输血量均少于对照组,手术时间和术后住院时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义,P0.05;观察组的并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义,P0.05。结论:球囊间歇性阻断腹主动脉联合剖宫产术治疗凶险性前置胎盘的临床效果更佳,能减少术中出血量和术中输血量,缩短手术时间和术后住院时间,减少术后并发症。     

子宫填塞球囊在凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产术中应用的护理

总结了 120 例凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产术中使用子宫填塞球囊压迫止血的护理要点及经验,包括球囊置入后出血量及专科观察、球囊和留置尿管的护理、球囊取出后的观察等, 120 例患者均止血成功,保留子宫。     

Long-term follow-up of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa with placenta accreta

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa with placenta accreta.MethodsThe clinical data of 623 patients with pernicious placenta previa combined with placenta accrete, who were admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent abdominal aortic balloon occlusion combined with cesarean section, and 78 patients underwent sequential bilateral uterine artery embolization. We analyzed the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion volume, intraoperative and postoperative complications, fetal radiation exposure time and dose, and the Apgar score of the newborns. We also performed other evaluations to ascertain the efficacy and safety of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion treatment for dangerous placenta previa with placenta accrete.ResultsOf the 623 patients, 545 underwent only abdominal aortic balloon occlusion, and 78 underwent uterine artery embolization due to intraoperative or postoperative bleeding. The uterus was successfully preserved in all patients. Except for five cases of right lower extremity arterial thrombosis, the remaining patients did not have postoperative lower extremity arteriovenous thrombosis, renal insufficiency, late postpartum hemorrhage, ectopic embolism, spinal cord or peripheral nerve damage, pelvic infection, or other serious complications. The mean operative time was 65.3 (±14.5) min. The mean intraoperative blood loss was620 (±570) ml. Ninety-six patients (15.4%, 96/623) were treated with blood transfusion, and the average amount of blood transfused was 750 (±400) ml. The average number of hospitalization days was 6.8 (±3.4) days, the average time of fetal ray exposure was 5.2 (±1.6) s, and the average radiation dose was 4.1 (±2.7) mGy. The neonatal Apgar score, was 8.4 (±0.6) points at 1 ​min, and 9.6 (±0.4) points at 5 ​min. In the follow-up to May 31, 2019, 29 patients were lost to follow-up, 96 were lactating, and 498 were menstruating. Except for the cases lost to follow-up, the remaining 596 surviving newborns (including 2 twins) showed no abnormalities at the 42-day postnatal outpatient follow-up examination.ConclusionBalloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta is a safe and effective method for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa with placenta accreta.     

Application of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion followed by uterine artery embolization for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta during cesarean section

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion followed by uterine artery embolization for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta during cesarean section.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical data for 623 patients who experienced pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta and received treatment in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2019. All patients underwent abdominal aortic balloon occlusion before their cesarean section. Seventy-eight patients received bilateral uterine artery embolization, and among them, placenta accreta was found at the opening of the cervix in 13 patients. Due to suturing difficulty after the removal of the placenta, gauze packing was used to temporarily compress the hemorrhage. As soon as the uterus was sutured, emergent bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed. Active bleeding was noted in the remaining 65 patients when the lower part of the uterus was pressed after the placenta was removed and the uterus was sutured, therefor, bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed urgently.ResultsOf the 623 patients, 545 patients underwent only abdominal aortic balloon occlusion and 78 patients underwent additional emergent bilateral uterine artery embolization due to hemorrhaging during or after their cesarean section. No hysterectomies were performed. In the 78 patients, the amount of bleeding was 800-3,200 ml with an average of 1,650 ml during the operation; the volume of blood transfused was 360-1,750 ml (average: 960 ml). The fetal fluoroscopy time was 3–8 s (average: 5 s). The dose of radiation exposure was (4.2 ± 2.9) mGy. Fetal appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration (Apgar) score were normal. No serious complications were observed during or after the operation in the follow-up visits. Conclusion: For patients with pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta who experience active bleeding after cesarean section and abdominal aortic balloon occlusion, bilateral uterine artery embolization can effectively reduce blood loss and requirement of blood transfusion during the operation, and lowers the risk of hysterectomy.     

植入性与非植入性凶险型前置胎盘120例临床分析

目的分析植入性凶险型前置胎盘对孕产妇的危害性,提高对植入性凶险型前置胎盘的认识和重视。方法对25例植入性凶险型前置胎盘与95例非植入性前置胎盘的病例进行对比分析。结果中央性前置胎盘合并植入者达43.8%,植入组产后出血率、产后出血量及子宫切除率与非植入组对比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论凶险型前置胎盘孕妇产前应明确有无胎盘植入,应做好术中及术后出血的抢救措施,以保证孕产妇生命安全。     

急性腹主动脉骑跨栓塞病人围手术期护理

动脉栓塞是临床上常见的疾病,其中以腹主动脉骑跨栓塞(ASE)病死率最高。近年来,尽管该病得到了足够的重视,但病死率和截肢率一直居高不下[1,2]。因此,围手术期护理就显得尤为重要。我科2000年1月—2006年7月收治腹主动脉骑跨栓塞21例,现将护理体会报告如下。1资料和方法1.1临床资料本组病人21例,男13例,女8例;年龄30岁～83岁,平均64.5岁;发病至手术时间:6h～8h5例,9h～24h8例,1d～2d3例,3d～7d5例。21例中发病不明原因者1例,左心黏液瘤1例,风湿性心脏病并心房颤动8例,冠心病并心房颤动7例,冠心病2例,冠心病并陈旧性心肌梗死2例。1.2临床表…     

急性腹主动脉骑跨栓塞病人围手术期护理

动脉栓塞是临床上常见的疾病，其中以腹主动脉骑跨栓塞（ASE）病死率最高。近年来，尽管该病得到了足够的重视，但病死率和截肢率一直居高不下。因此，围手术期护理就显得尤为重要。我科2000年1月-2006年7月收治腹主动脉骑跨栓塞21例，现将护理体会报告如下。[第一段]     

前置胎盘合并胎盘植入的MRI产前诊断

目的探讨前置胎盘合并胎盘植入的产前MRI诊断价值。材料与方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的48例前置胎盘患者的临床及MRI资料,包括前置胎盘合并胎盘植入者12例,总结分析其MRI影像学特征。结果 MRI术前诊断前置胎盘43例,其中完全性前置胎盘31例,部分型前置胎盘9例,边缘型前置胎盘3例,总体诊断符合率为89.5%（43/48）。MRI术前正确诊断胎盘植入9例,诊断符合率为75.0%（9/12）。结论 MRI对前置胎盘及胎盘植入有较高的诊断价值,综合MR不同成像序列可提高术前诊断准确率。     

产前MRI预测预防性腹主动脉球囊阻断术加剖宫产治疗胎盘植入预后

目的 评价产前MRI征象预测预防性腹主动脉球囊阻断术加剖宫产术治疗胎盘植入（AABC-CS）预后的价值。方法 回顾性分析86例因胎盘植入接受AABC-CS患者产前MRI,根据患者预后分为预后良好组（n=50,术中出血量<1 000 ml且未切除子宫）和预后不良组（n=36,术中出血量≥ 1 000 ml或切除子宫）,比较2组间MRI征象差异,采用多因素Logistic回归分析获得预测预后不良的危险因素,并计算其预测效能。结果 胎盘内异常血管信号、T2低信号带、胎盘局部凹陷征及胎盘穿透在预后不良组中更常见（P均<0.001）;多因素Logistic回归分析显示胎盘内异常血管信号[比值比（OR）=15.78,P=0.015]、胎盘穿透（OR=12.25,P=0.020）是患者预后不良的危险因子,其预测预后不良的敏感度和特异度分别为77.78%（28/36）、62.00%（31/50）和44.44%（16/36）、100%（50/50）。结论 产前MRI显示胎盘内异常血管信号和胎盘穿透是胎盘植入患者预防性AABC-CS术中大出血和子宫切除的危险因子。     

Application of ultrasound-guided balloon occlusion in cesarean section in 130 cases of sinister placenta previa

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical utility of ultrasound-guided balloon occlusion in cesarean section in patients with sinister placenta previa.MethodsThe Interventional and Ultrasound Departments of the authors’ center assisted obstetrics to complete cesarean section in cases of sinister placenta previa. A total of 130 patients with implanted sinister placenta previa were diagnosed using obstetrical ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Before cesarean section, the balloon was positioned in the bilateral radial or abdominal aorta. Immediately after delivery of the fetus, the balloon was temporarily filled to transiently seal the target vessel. According to the obstetrician’s assessment of hemostasis, the balloon was withdrawn at the appropriate time. Among the 130 patients, there was one case of abdominal aortic occlusion, with 129 cases blocked by the bilateral common iliac artery.ResultsAll 130 cases were successfully blocked, with an average blocking time of <15 ​min, while intraoperative blood loss was 800–1500 ​ml.ConclusionUltrasound-guided balloon blocking treatment before cesarean section can mitigate the dangers of placenta previa and significantly reduce blood loss with no exposure to X-ray radiation. Thus, the technique merits serious consideration.