Brain abscess associated with congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistula

A case of brain abscess associated with congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistula was presented and 52 reported cases were reviewed. The brain abscess was successfully treated with repeated aspiration and drainage, and the pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, located in the right lower lobe, was resected. The artiovenous fistula occurs as a common pulmonary manifestation of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia; however, no symptoms suggesting these two were noted in this case.

Brain abscesses can be an initial clinical manifestation in asymptomatic pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. This possible association should be borne in mind in cases of brain abscesses of unexplained etiology.     

Retroperitoneal schwannoma misdiagnosed as a psoas abscess: report of a case

A retroperitoneal cystic mass compressing the right psoas muscle was found incidentally by ultrasonography in a 67-year-old woman. The radiological findings and a history of costal caries led us to suspect a psoas cold abscess. Ultrasound-guided needle aspiration was done to establish the diagnosis and to drain the content, but only a small amount of sterile fluid was obtained. The patient complained of neuralgia in her right leg at the time of puncture. Under the preoperative diagnosis of a neurogenic tumor, the mass was surgically resected, and found to be filled with old blood. The solid region consisted of a proliferation of fusiform cells, leading to a diagnosis of benign schwannoma. Retroperitoneal schwannoma is often misdiagnosed as an adjacent anatomical structure. Thus, we conclude that both microbiological and cytological examination of an aspiration specimen is important when psoas abscess is considered in a differential diagnosis. Received: March 12, 2001 / Accepted: March 5, 2002     

Gastrosplenic fistula: A rare complication of splenic abscess

Gastrosplenic fistulas are rare complications of malignant gastric or splenic diseases and, less frequently, are the result of benign diseases such as gastric ulcers and Crohn's disease. Spontaneous gastrosplenic fistula as a result of splenic abcess has not been reported in the literature so far. A 70‐year‐old man presented with a splenic abscess which had spontaneously developed a gastrosplenic fistula. The fistula was diagnosed by computed tomography scan and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and was successfully managed by splenectomy with en bloc resection of part of the greater curvature of the stomach. Although gastrosplenic fistulas are a relatively rare complication of gastric or splenic diseases, an awareness might lead the clinician to early recognition and surgery can be offered earlier as the treatment of choice.     

Emphysematous prostatic abscess with rectoprostatic fistula

Emphysematous prostatic abscess is a rare but relatively serious infectious disease, and its association with rectoprostatic fistula is extremely unusual. The reported risk factors for this condition include diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, and prostate surgery. We report a rare case of emphysematous prostatic abscess successfully treated by transurethral drainage. Nonetheless, a rectoprostatic fistula was found postoperatively. The fistula healed spontaneously without fasting or fecal diversion after suprapubic cystostomy and placement of a urethral catheter. This case highlights the importance of surgical drainage for the treatment of an emphysematous prostatic abscess and that conservative treatment can be a safe and effective approach for an associated rectoprostatic fistula.     

罕见的膀胱臀部瘘1例报告及文献复习

目的：报告1例罕见女性膀胱臀部瘘和复习相关文献,探讨膀胱臀部瘘发病原因、形成机制及治疗原则。方法：患者18年前开始出现右臀部软组织反复感染后臀部漏尿,当地医院先后多次手术治疗无效。后转来我院行膀胱臀部瘘瘘管切除＋膀胱壁无张力修补术,膀胱臀部瘘消失,3个月后复查膀胱镜、尿道造影及尿流率检查。绪果：患者术后3个月复查膀胱镜见膀胱修补处黏膜连续完整、光滑红润,未见瘘口样改变,尿道排泄造影示膀胱充盈好,未见造影剂外渗,尿流率检查示最大尿流率35ml／s,膀胱容量305ml,随访至今尿瘘无复发。结论：膀胱臀部瘘非常罕见的,病因多较复杂,采用瘘管、周围瘢痕切除和膀胱壁分层无张力修补可取得了满意的治疗效果。     

Duodenal atresia associated with proximal jejunal perforations: a case report and review of the literature

Duodenal atresia is associated with Down’s syndrome, malrotation, and congenital cardiac defects. Idiopathic intestinal perforations in a newborn, which are not associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), have been described. The authors report on a full-term neonate who had multiple perforations of the proximal jejunum distal to duodenal atresia. To the best of the authors knowledge, the combination of idiopathic intestinal perforation and duodenal atresia has not been reported previously.     

De Garengeot hernia with perforated appendicitis and a groin subcutaneous abscess: A case report

IntroductionDe Garengeot hernia is rare. Although previous reports have suggested various surgical options according to patient condition, comorbidities, surgeon preference, and clinical findings during surgery, a treatment strategy has not been established.Presentation of caseAn 81-year-old woman presented with an irreducible tender mass that was subsequently diagnosed as an incarcerated femoral hernia with a subcutaneous abscess in the right groin. Intraoperative findings revealed a necrotic and perforated appendix strangulated by the femoral ring for which an appendectomy and herniorrhaphy was performed concurrently through the hernia sac. The subcutaneous abscess cavity was washed thoroughly and a drainage tube was placed within it. The patient recovered uneventfully.DiscussionWe suggest that the approach through the inguinal incision in both appendectomy and herniorrhaphy with drainage may be useful in avoiding intra-abdominal contamination in cases of de Garengeot hernia with subcutaneous abscess.ConclusionHere, we described a case of de Garengeot hernia with a subcutaneous abscess in the groin. Clinicians should consider de Garengeot hernia in patients with a groin hernia, make an early diagnosis, and promptly provide surgical treatment to reduce the risk of complications.     

Duodenal Injuries: A Review

Abstract Duodenal injuries are uncommon injuries but are associated with significant morbidity and mortality from a delayed diagnosis in the case of blunt trauma and associated major vascular injuries in penetrating trauma. A simplistic approach with primary repair or resection and anastomosis is ideal for the vast majority. Complex procedures such as pyloric exclusion with or without gastrojejunostomy may be indicated for delayed treatment or severe, high-grade combined pancreato-duodenal injuries. A high index of suspicion and a judicious treatment plan based on a careful consideration of all the available options are crucial for optimal outcome.     

Multidisciplinary approach for large retroperitoneal abscess management: A case report

Introduction and importanceRetroperitoneal abscess is a rare disease that is often difficult to diagnose and require multidisciplinary management. We report a case of large retroperitoneal abscess and the usage lumbar artery perforator (LAP) for the defect closure.Case presentationA 52-year-old-women was admitted to our emergency with a chief complaint of left flank pain. Patient had history of multiple genitourinary tract procedure and diabetes mellitus type 2. We found a bulging mass on the left flank accompanied by pressure pain. A contrast CT scan revealed a large abscess on the retroperitoneal region that involved the left retroperitoneal hemiabdomen muscles. We performed multistage-treatment comprising of radical abscess debridement, followed by honey-impregnated gauze and negative pressure wound therapy for wound bed preparation. Post-debridement, the defect was closed with LAP and keystone flap. LAP flap was raised and transposed to close the defect on the caudal area. One-month follow up showed the outcome was satisfactory.Clinical discussionIn our case, the source of infection was thought to origin from genitourinary infection. The history of multiple urology procedures and diabetes mellitus became the main risk factors. Multistage managements were needed to eradicate the abscess. The usage of NPWT and honey-impregnated gauze was proven successful in preparing the wound bed prior to definitive closure. Lastly, the utilization LAP flap combined with keystone flap showed satisfactory outcome for defect closure.ConclusionThe management of patient with large retroperitoneal abscess require multidisciplinary approach including extensive debridement and well-prepared wound bed. In this report, LAP flap was proven reliable option to resurface large defect around flank area.     

Twenty-two year experience with recurring subareolar abscess andlactiferous duct fistula treated by a single breast surgeon

BACKGROUND: Recurring subareolar abscess and lactiferous duct fistula are frequently difficult to manage. METHODS: Personal experience with 67 cases treated during the past 22 years is reviewed. RESULTS: There were 38 cases of subareolar abscess and 29 of lactiferous duct fistula. Thirty-three patients had resolution with antibiotics and needle aspiration or with incision and drainage,but 34 patients required definitive duct excision. Eight patients had duct excision through circumareolar incisions, and 5 of these had prolonged healing problems or recurrence within 1 year. Twenty-six patients had duct excision by placing a probe into the duct and radially excising an elliptical area of the nipple and areola like a "slice of pie," and these all healed primarily (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of the patients with subareolar abscess can be managed medically, but the other half will require definitive duct excision. A radial elliptical incision with primary closure results in excellent cosmesis and low long-term recurrence rates.     

Brain abscess associated with ventricular septal defect and Eisenmenger syndrome: A case report

Introduction and importanceBrain abscess is a potentially fatal neurological infection, despite the development of new antimicrobial agents and modern neurosurgical techniques.Case presentationWe present an uncommon case where a large brain abscess was treated successfully in a patient with Eisenmenger syndrome. He was underwent neurosurgical treatment and eventually recovered.Clinnical discussionThe etiology of a brain abscess in patients with congenital cyanotic heart disease has multiple aspects. In this patient population was high risk for developing perioperative complications.The preoperative evaluation, intraoperative management and postoperative care are important steps in the treatment of cardiac patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, and essential for patient’s safe and fast recovery.ConclusionsWe highlight the importance of the diagnosis and management of Eisenmenger syndrome to help us further understand this rare and fatal disease.     

Esophago-pleuro-cutaneous fistula a case report

In a sixty-three year old Japanese man with a history of long standing pulmonary tuberculosis, an unusual esophago-cutaneous fistula developed. The possibility of esophago-pleuro-cutaneous fistula was considered, because there was an old tuberculosis causing lung abscess or hilar lymph node adenopathy and which facilitated development of an extensive fistulous tract. The patient was effectively treated by palliative surgical procedure. This may be the first report of a benign esophagopleurocutaneous fistula.     

Retroperitoneal Abscess Resulting from Perforated Acute Appendicitis: Analysis of Its Management and Outcome

BACKGROUND: Acute appendicitis may become life threatening if it is complicated by retroperitoneal abscess. To the best of our knowledge, only case reports have been documented; thus, we analyzed the published experiences and reviewed this issue. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In addition to two patients treated at our institution, a PubMed search identified 22 cases of acute appendicitis, complicated by retroperitoneal abscess, reported by 18 authors between 1955 and 2005. The patients' characteristics, onset of symptoms, timing and methods of diagnosis and management, and outcome are reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS: Most of the patients were adults (21/24, 87.5%), of whom seven were older than 65 years. None of the patients presented with the classical symptoms of acute appendicitis at the onset of the disease, and less than half (9/24) reported abdominal pain. The average interval between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 16 days, and the most effective diagnostic tool was computed tomography. Pathogens were usually polymicrobial, and appendectomy followed by adequate drainage of the abscess was the best treatment. The mortality rate was 16.7% (4/24), and all deaths were caused by profound sepsis. According to the available data, the average hospital stay was 27.3 days for the survivors. CONCLUSION: The formation of complicated retroperitoneal abscesses involving thigh, psoas muscle, perinephric space, or even the lateral abdominal wall is a serious complication of perforated acute appendicitis. An intra-abdominal pathological abnormality cannot be excluded in a patient presenting without abdominal symptoms. The mortality rate can only be reduced by a high index of suspicion, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment.     

Recurrent brain abscess associated with congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistula: a case report

We report a rare case of recurrent brain abscess associated with congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. A 52-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in October, 1999 because of a sudden stroke-like onset of right hemiparesis, right hemiparesthesia, dysarthria and sensory aphasia. He had a history of previous brain abscess in the right cerebellar hemisphere. It had been removed in 1991. CT scan at the time of the current admission disclosed a low-density area in the left parietal region. The mass was ring-enhanced after injection of contrast medium. On MRI the mass lesion was depicted as low-intensity on T1-weighted image and high-intensity on T2-weighted image. The mass was ring-enhanced after administration of Gd-DTPA. In spite of conservative treatment the size of the abscess increased considerably with marked surrounding edema. The brain abscess was successfully treated with aspiration and drainage, and the residual mass was resected. The patient also had a history of arteriovenous fistula in the lower lobe of his right lung. This had been excised in 1965. However, he had no signs, symptoms or family histories of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber disease). Contrast enhanced CT scan of the chest showed nodular lesions connected to vascular shadows in the right lower lung field. Pulmonary angiograms also revealed multiple arteriovenous fistulas in the lower lobe of the right lung. He was not dyspneic or cyanotic, but his hypoxia, polycythemia, and recurrent brain abscess were thought to be caused by pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. The fistulas were embolized with coils via a percutaneous catheter. Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula should be treated aggressively either by surgery and/or by coil embolization in order to prevent the complication of brain abscess.     

布鲁氏杆菌性脊柱炎伴硬膜外脓肿形成1例

正患者,男,43岁,农民,因双下肢麻木无力进行性加重2 d入院。患者3~4个月前出现间断性发热,最高达40℃并有胸背部及双侧胁肋部疼痛,在村卫生室静滴抗生素治疗(具体不详)发热得以控制。入院前2 d晨起突然出现左下肢麻木无力,伴小便费力。入院前1 d出现右下肢麻木无力,并出现小便困难。入院时症见:胸背部疼痛,并伴有双下肢麻木无     

链球菌化脓性脊柱炎合并颌下腺脓肿1例

<正>患者,男,58岁,主因腰背部疼痛,行走困难入院。患者诉于入院2周前受凉后出现发热、咳嗽、咯痰等上感症状,当地医院就诊,静脉给予抗生素(具体不详)治疗7 d后,咳嗽、咯痰症状好转,体温正常。本次入院前1周无明显诱因出现腰部剧痛,行走困难,急来就诊,以"腰痛待查"收住院。既往无糖尿病、肝炎、结核等病史。入院查体:体温37.3℃,     

Giant haemangioma of the liver with haemangiodudenal fistula: the first reported case in literature

Giant liver haemangiomas are usually asymptomatic with normal liver function, which makes the course long and uneventful. The most commonly reported complications of giant haemangiomas are rupture with intraperitoneal haemorrhage that is either traumatic or non-traumatic, consumption coagulopathy, Budd–Chiari syndrome and congestive heart failure. We describe the first reported complications of a giant liver haemangioma as a fistula between the haemangioma and the gastrointestinal tract.