多层螺旋CT导向下经皮肾穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿的临床价值

目的：探讨多层螺旋CT（MSCT）导向下经皮肾穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿的方法及疗效。方法：经MSCT或MRI诊断的91例107个肾囊肿在MSCT导向下经皮穿刺抽吸、冲洗后注入无水乙醇（99.7%）,注入量为抽出囊液量的25%~30%。须多次抽吸冲洗,直至抽出液清亮。术后螺旋CT跟踪随访1年,评价其疗效。结果：本组107个囊肿穿刺成功率100%,其中71个囊肿在治疗后消失,34个囊肿较治疗前缩小,2个囊肿未见改变。治疗有效率98.1%。所有病例均未出现严重并发症。结论：MSCT引导下经皮肾穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿是一种安全有效的治疗方法,有重要的临床应用价值。     

CT导向下无水乙醇硬化治疗肝囊肿

目的评价在CT导向下经皮穿刺硬化治疗肝囊肿的临床价值。方法63例肝囊肿患者,其中41例单发,22例多发,均任CT导向下经皮穿刺注射无水乙醇行硬化治疗。结果63例患者随访3～15个月,疗效指数0级4例(6.3%),Ⅰ级8例(12.7%),Ⅱ级23例(36.5%),Ⅲ级28例(44.4%)。硬化治疗总有效率为93.6%。未出现严重的并发症。结论无水乙醇硬化治疗肝囊肿安全、经济、简单、有效。     

CT引导下介入治疗肾囊肿的临床应用

目的探讨CT引导下穿刺硬化剂治疗肾囊肿的方法及疗效。方法经B超或CT诊断的78例84个肾囊肿在CT定位下经皮穿刺抽吸,行无水乙醇反复冲洗法硬化剂治疗,用18~22 G穿刺针抽吸,注入99.7%无水乙醇,注射量为抽出囊液量的25%~30%。术后每隔3个月复查,随访其疗效。结果其中79个囊肿一次穿刺成功,随访3个月~1年,复查见51例54个囊肿消失,22例24个囊肿缩小,4例4个囊肿未见缩小。有效率95.2%,消失率64.2%,无严重并发症。结论CT引导下经皮穿刺硬化剂治疗肾囊肿是一种安全、有效的治疗方法,具有较高的临床实用价值。     

超声引导下经皮穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿疗效观察

目的:观察超声引导下经皮穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿的疗效。方法:在超声引导下穿刺注入无水乙醇治疗肾囊肿54例。结果:全部病例肾囊肿均获穿刺成功,总有效率100%,治愈率92.5%。结论:超声引导下经皮穿刺注入无水乙醇硬化治疗肾囊肿,方法简便易行、并发症少、疗效确切。     

CT引导下肾囊肿穿刺硬化剂治疗的评价

目的 :分析影响CT导引下穿刺硬化剂治疗肾囊肿疗效的因素和预防并发症的方法。方法 :对 96例 13 5个肾囊肿行CT导引下无水乙醇 (纯度 99.7% )硬化治疗 ,囊肿直径 2 .8～ 12 .0cm ,用 2 0G抽吸针穿刺 ,抽液后注入无水乙醇 ,注入量为抽出液的 2 5 .0 %。留置 15min后抽出注入的无水乙醇 ,重新注入少量无水乙醇保留。对于囊液大于 3 0 0ml的囊肿则多次冲洗 ,直至抽出液清亮。结果 :该组随访 5 1例 ,有效率 94.1% ,囊肿消失率 84.3 % ,无严重并发症发生。结论 :CT导引下穿刺硬化剂治疗肾囊肿方法简便 ,疗效好 ,并发症少 ,是一种非常有价值的治疗方法。     

CT导引下穿刺注射无水乙醇治疗肾囊肿

目的　评估CT导引经皮穿刺肾囊肿注射无水乙醇治疗的临床经验。方法　 4 4 5例 5 10个肾囊肿于CT导引下经皮穿刺肾囊肿抽液后注射无水乙醇治疗 ,4 4 5例中 385例为单发肾囊肿 ,5 3例多发肾囊肿 ,7例多囊肾。囊肿直径为 1.9～ 13.5cm。用 18～ 2 1G抽吸针穿刺抽吸 ,抽出囊液量为 3～780ml。注入 99.7%乙醇 ,乙醇量以抽出囊液的 2 5 %为合适。结果　本组 396例 (42 7个囊肿 )用CT扫描或超声检查随访 ,随访时间为 3个月到 1年以上 ,单发肾囊肿疗效为 97% ,其中囊腔消失为 82 % ,多发肾囊肿疗效为 95 % ,其中囊腔消失为 79% ,多囊肾疗效为 6 7%。并发症为局部疼痛 (2 8例 ) ,血尿 (4例 ) ,无严重并发症出现。结论　CT导引经皮穿刺肾囊肿乙醇治疗对单发肾囊肿和多发囊肿是一种有价值的治疗方法     

CT引导下肾囊肿、卵巢囊肿穿刺硬化治疗的临床应用

目的探讨CT引导下肾囊肿、卵巢囊肿穿刺硬化治疗的临床应用价值。方法在CT引导下经皮穿刺肾囊肿、卵巢囊肿,根据预定方案针尖位于最佳位置后,开始抽吸囊液,抽尽囊液后,按抽出量的25%注入无水乙醇3~5 m in后再抽取囊液,重复此操作3~4次,据囊肿大小注入3~15 m l无水乙醇保留于囊腔,拔针,CT扫描穿刺部位观察有无特殊改变,术后嘱患者辗转体位3~5次使无水乙醇充分接触囊壁。结果32例患者手术后,30例完全消失,2例缩小达85%,有效率100%。结论CT引导下肾囊肿、卵巢囊肿穿刺硬化剂治疗方法简便、创伤小、痛苦小、恢复快、费用低、疗效高、并发症少,是一种非常有价值的治疗方法。     

超声引导下经皮穿刺抽吸和注射无水乙醇治疗单纯性肾囊肿

目的评价超声引导下经皮穿刺抽吸和注射无水乙醇治疗单纯性肾囊肿的效果。方法46例单纯性肾囊肿患者(男性26例,女性20例,平均年龄65岁)均经超声引导经皮穿刺抽吸和注射无水乙醇硬化治疗。全部操作是在局部麻醉下完成的。治疗后,全部病人经超声或CT随访1至6个月。囊肿与治疗前比较,减小2/3以上为有效,完全消失为治愈。结果46个囊肿中,2个囊肿抽出液蛋白定性试验阴性,抽液后未注入无水乙醇,其余44个囊肿于治后1,3,6个月呈进行性缩小,6个月时复查有效率为100%,治愈率为90.6%。结论超声引导经皮穿刺抽吸和注射无水乙醇是治疗单纯性肾囊肿的一种操作简单、痛苦小、费用低、安全有效的方法,值得临床推广应用。     

CT导引下置猪尾导管硬化治疗巨大肝肾囊肿疗效观察

目的探讨CT导引下穿刺置猪尾引流管硬化巨大肝肾囊肿安全性及疗效。方法CT导引下对17例巨大肝肾囊肿患者,穿刺置入7F猪尾导管引流,并且每日注射无水乙醇或乙酸1次。对于囊液<500ml者,每次注入硬化剂后夹闭引流管,24h后再开放引流。囊液大于500ml者,硬化后立即开放引流。所有患者24h引流量<10ml时,再次硬化后拔除引流管。其中肝囊肿平均拔管时间40d;肾囊肿10d。结果本组硬化治疗后6个月,复查B超示治愈17例,治愈率100%。无一例出血、感染及出现心脑血管并发症。结论CT导引下置猪尾巴管硬化治疗巨大肝肾囊肿简单安全、疗效满意。     

经皮插管硬化治疗卵巢囊肿

目的 探讨经皮穿刺插管硬化治疗卵巢囊肿的临床价值。方法 在CT引导下经皮穿刺卵巢囊肿,在同轴套管针内插入4F多侧孔猪尾巴导管,用无水乙醇硬化治疗64例76个卵巢囊肿。其中单纯性囊肿48个、巧克力囊肿28个。结果 64例卵巢囊肿穿刺成功率100％,58例（占90、6％）治愈,6例（占9、4％）疗效显著,总有效率为100％,未发生严重并发症。结论 穿刺插管法硬化治疗卵巢囊肿是硬化彻底、安全实用、疗效可靠的方法。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.