Abl-PTK酪氨酸激酶区基因的克隆与表达

目的 克隆、表达出PTK重组蛋白，以鉴定酪氨酸激酶（PTK）的活性，筛选酪氨酸激酶的抑制剂，方法 从PTK重组克隆载体上切下目的基因片段Abl-PTK使其连接到表达载体pGEX4T-2上，转化大肠杆菌DH5a，筛选鉴定出正确的转化子。转化菌株经IPTG诱导后进行表达并进行SDS－PAGE分析。结果 经酶切和诱导表达鉴定，重组质粒pGEX4T-2-PTK构建成功，并高效表达了58KD的GST－PTK融合蛋白。结论 PTK基因被成功地重组至融合蛋白表达载体中，并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达。该研究为进一步纯化、鉴定PTK的活性，筛选PTK的抑制剂奠定了基础。     

大鼠RGS4基因的克隆及在原核中的表达

目的构建pGEX4T-1-RGS4载体,并检测融合蛋白GST-RSG4在原核中的表达水平。方法采用RT-PCR方法,将克隆SD大鼠G蛋白信号转导调节因子(regulator of G protein signaling4,RGS4)基因全长编码区的cDNA连接到原核表达载体pGEX4T-1中,IPTG诱导原核表达,通过Western blot检测融合蛋白GST-RSG4的表达水平。结果成功构建了pGEX4T-1-RGS4载体;经IPTG的诱导,RGS4可与GST以融合蛋白的形式高效表达。pGEX4T-1-RGS4在原核内表达产物相对分子质量约为50×103,与预期融合蛋白大小一致。结论构建的重组质粒能够在大肠杆菌中高效表达。     

桥粒芯胶蛋白3前导肽基因的克隆和原核表达

目的：克隆人桥粒芯胶蛋白3前导肽(Dc3p)基因，并进行表达、纯化和鉴定。方法：用PCR法从桥粒芯胶蛋白(Dc)cDNA文库中扩增出Dc3p基因，与pGEX-4T-2载体连接成重组表达质粒pGEX-4T-2／Dc3p；重组质粒转入B121大肠杆菌：经诱导表达谷胱甘肽S-转移酶-Dc3p(GST-De3p)融合蛋白，该蛋白经Glutathione Sepharose4B亲和层析柱纯化，SDS-PAGE和免疫印迹法检测鉴定。结果：经酶切及序列分析鉴定，重组质粒pGEX-4T-2／De3p成功构建，诱导后高表达GST-De3p融合蛋白并得到纯化，免疫印迹法证实表达蛋白为Gsr-Dc3p。结论：获得高表达、高纯度的GST-Dc3p融合蛋白，为De3p的功能及免疫学分析打下基础。     

人乳头瘤病毒16L1-E5表达质粒的构建及其蛋白表达

目的构建人乳头瘤病毒16L1-E5的原核表达质粒,并进行表达融合蛋白,为下一步探讨该蛋白是否能作为疫苗的研究作准备。方法以本室已构建好的阳性质粒pET32（＋）／HPV16E5为模板,PCR获得E5基因,经SalI和NotI双酶切插入已构建好的pGEX4T-1／HPV16L1,通过筛选获得正确的阳性克隆pGEX4T-1／HPV16L1-E5。pGEX4T-1／HPV16L1-E5转化入BL21感受态细胞,经IPTG诱导进行目的蛋白的表达,通过测定不同时间、不同IPTG浓度和不同温度时目的蛋白表达情况,获得蛋白表达的最佳条件,SDS-PAGE和Westernblot检测蛋白表达。结果成功构建了质粒pGEX4T-1／HPV16L1-E5,在1mmol／L IPTG、34℃、4h诱导获得最大量的目的蛋白表达。结论成功构建的pGEX4T-1／HPV16L1-E5质粒能表达出目的蛋白,为进一步研究目的蛋白功能打下了坚实的基础。     

家蝇幼虫Defensin成熟蛋白序列的克隆及在原核中的表达

目的 克隆家蝇幼虫defensin成熟蛋白编码序列并在大肠杆菌中表达，为进一步的研究该基因的功能奠定基础。方法 以家蝇幼虫cDNA文库为模板扩增出defensin基因的成熟蛋白全长编码序列，构建重组原核表达载体pGEX／MDEF，转化的克隆(质粒)通过筛选并测序鉴定。重组的pGEX／MDEF在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达，SDS-PAGE鉴定其表达情况和分子质量并用抗鼠GST单抗作western blot杂交进一步鉴定融合蛋白的表达。结果 以家蝇幼虫cDNA文库扩增出一条长约为140bp的cDNA片段，经测序证实其为defensin基因成熟蛋白的编码序列，它编码含40个氨基酸的蛋白质，预测其分子质量单位为4kD。被成功克隆入pGEX-4T-1载体的家蝇幼虫defensin基因的cDNA，在重组大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导可大量生成相对分子质量30KD融合蛋白。结论 成功构建了家蝇幼虫defensin基因原核表达载体，且其成熟蛋白的编码序列在大肠杆菌高效表达。为下一步表达蛋白纯化，以及研究其生物活性提供了材料。     

结核分枝杆菌Rv0901基因原核表达质粒的构建及其表达

目的　为研究结核分枝杆菌基因Rv0 90 1的功能提供材料。方法　PCR扩增Rv0 90 1基因编码序列 ,定向克隆入融合蛋白原核表达载体pGEX 1λT获得重组表达质粒 ,转化大肠杆菌后用IPTG进行诱导表达 ,通过SDS PAGE、GST 纯化试剂盒鉴定并纯化表达产物。结果　从结核杆菌H37Rv株基因组DNA中扩增出Rv0 90 1基因 ;成功构建了融合表达质粒pGEX Rv0 90 1;重组质粒经IPTG诱导后能在大肠杆菌中稳定表达 4 5kDa的GST Rv0 90 1融合蛋白。结论　本实验成功表达并纯化GST Rv0 90 1融合蛋白 ,为Rv0 90 1基因功能的研究打下了基础。     

食管癌相关基因2原核表达质粒的构建与诱导表达

目的：构建食管癌相关基因2（ECRG2）原核表达质粒，在大肠杆菌（E．coli）中诱导表达重组蛋白。方法：用聚合酶链反应法扩增ECRG2基因开放阅读框（ORF），构建表达载体pGDX-4T-1-ECRG2，测序鉴定后转化E．coli（BL21）进行异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷诱导表达，目的蛋白进行SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）、Western免疫印迹鉴定。结果：SDS-PAGE测定GSr／ECRG2蛋白分子质量约34ku，Western blot验证出目的蛋白特异表达。结论：ECRG2ORF插入pGEX-4T-1质粒并在E．coli中成功表达。     

人端粒酶逆转录酶原核表达载体的构建

目的：构建人端粒酶逆转录酶原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1-hTERT,并观察融合蛋白的表达。方法：用RT-PCR方法从人肝癌组织中扩增出带有EcoRⅠ酶切位点的hTERT基因片段,与pGEM-T Easy连接,转化感受态大肠杆菌JM109,经蓝-白筛选、PCR扩增等筛选阳性菌落,用EcoRⅠ酶切获取目的片段,并与EcoRⅠ酶切过的pGEX-4T-1质粒连接,重组子转化BL21感受态大肠杆菌,PCR扩增筛选出阳性菌落。基因测序并用Omega 2．0软件比较分析重组质粒中hTERT基因片段与GenBank中的已知序列的同源性。通过诱导pGEX-4T-1融合蛋白表达,用抗hTERT多抗对融合蛋白进行Western blot鉴定,薄层凝胶光密度扫描测定融合蛋白表达量。结果：PCR扩增等方法证实,人端粒酶逆转录酶原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1-hTERT构建成功,其中hTERT基因片段与GenBank中相应基因同源性为98．73％,氨基酸序列同源性为99．68％。Western blot检出GST-hTERT融合蛋白,其表达量达28．4％。结论：成功构建了pGEX-4T-1-hTERT原核重组质粒并获得高度表达。     

重组蛋氨酸裂解酶原核体系的表达及纯化

目的 建立L-蛋氨酸γ-裂解酶的原核表达、纯化体系.方法 合成Metase基因并构建重组质粒pBSK-Metase.通过分子克隆技术,构建重组表达质粒pBV220-Metase和pGEX-4T-1-Metase,并将重组子转化到感受态大肠杆菌Dh5α中.pGEX-4T-1-Metase经异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导;pBV220-Metase经42℃温度诱导;并对诱导条件进行优化,获得大量表达;建立蛋氨酸裂解酶纯化体系.结果 构建出Metase基因的两种高效原核表达体系pBV220-Metase和pGEX-4T-1-Metase,并优化各自的最佳诱导表达条件;建立重组蛋氨酸裂解酶的纯化体系.结论 成功建立重组蛋氨酸裂解酶的原核表达、纯化体系;获得高效原核表达重组子pGEX-4T-1-Metase,且获得纯度高达95%的蛋氨酸酶.     

肿瘤抗原基因MAGE-3的克隆、原核表达与纯化

目的: 克隆人MAGE-3基因并进行原核表达和分离纯化. 方法: 通过RT-PCR从人黑色素瘤细胞株中扩增MAGE-3全长cDNA,经PCR扩增MAGE-3基因3′端324 bp片段,克隆入pGEX-4T-1载体,构建重组原核表达质粒pGEX/MAGE-3,对含有该质粒的大肠杆菌DH5α进行诱导表达和分离纯化.结果: 经RT-PCR扩增出大小约950 bp的基因片段,以此为模板经PCR扩增出约320 bp片段,测序结果与GenBank公布的MAGE-3序列一致,成功构建了pGEX/MAGE-3原核表达质粒,经IPTG诱导在大肠杆菌中表达Mr约42 000的GST融合蛋白,纯化的蛋白纯度为89%.结论: 成功克隆了人MAGE-3基因全长cDNA并对其3′端324 bp片段编码的108个氨基酸的蛋白进行了原核表达和分离纯化,为该蛋白应用于肿瘤免疫治疗奠定了基础.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.