γ-氨基丁酸及其受体与肿瘤增殖和侵袭的关系

γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid , GABA)是一种哺乳动物中枢神经系统重要的抑制性神经递质,GABA通过与不同类型的GABA受体(GABA receptor,GABAR)结合对机体多种功能发挥特异性调节作用.近年来研究发现,GABA与GABAR还广泛存在于外周组织,参与细胞间的信息传递,与细胞的分化和成熟密切相关.此外,GABA及其受体还可通过特定的信号转导通路影响某些肿瘤的增殖和侵袭转移等恶性潜能.某些肿瘤伴随GABA及其受体的高表达,阻断GABAR信号则可抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖.GABA与GABAR结合后可通过上调MMP表达、提高胞内钙离子浓度、活化MAPK激酶链等途径促进肿瘤的侵袭和转移.随着研究的深入,GABA及其受体信号通路蛋白分子有可能成为肿瘤诊断与治疗的潜在靶点.     

小儿小细胞肺癌1例

小细胞未分化肺癌 (ＳＣＬＣ)是肺癌的主要病理类型之一 ,发病年龄绝大多数在 35～ 75岁 ,且随年龄增长而发病率上升[1] 。小儿 (ＳＣＬＣ)极为罕见 ,我院曾收治 1例 ,报告如下。患儿男 ,6岁。 1999年 10月中旬无明显诱因出现持续性发热 (37℃～ 39℃ )、干咳 ,于当地医院抗炎治疗后发热消退 ,但咳嗽渐加重且伴胸痛及气促。Ｂ超检查示 :右侧胸腔大量积液 ,胸穿抽出棕红色胸腔积液约 5 0 0ｍｌ,胸腔积液送检找到癌细胞。 2 0 0 0年 2月 15日转我院诊治。体检 :一般状况尚可 ,右腋窝可扪及一约 2ｃｍ× 2ｃｍ的肿大淋巴结 ,质中、活动、边缘尚…     

小细胞肺癌结肠转移并肠穿孔1例报道

肺癌是常见恶性肿瘤,其转移部位多为肝、脑、骨、肾上腺等,而肺癌结肠转移却非常少见.本文将我院收治的1例小细胞肺癌结肠转移并肠穿孔的临床资料报道如下.     

小细胞肺癌合并扁桃体横纹肌肉瘤1例

1　病例介绍患者 ,男性 ,6 7岁。因肺癌化疗后 1月余要求治疗于 2 0 0 2年 2月 19日入院。患者 2 0 0 1年 6月出现干咳 ,2 0 0 1年11月 30日出现痰中带血 ,量约 1m L～2 m L ,在厦门大学门诊部胸片示 :“左上肺中外带见椭圆形阴影 ,边缘不整齐”。2 0 0 1年 12月 1日中午开始咯     

抗人小细胞肺癌嵌合T细胞受体基因的构建

众所周知，T细胞受体(TCR)识别抗原与抗体识别抗原是不同的。前者识别的是抗原——主要组织相容性抗原的复合物，受MHC限制，而后者则是识别天然状态下的抗原，亲和力较强。考虑到TCR可变区部位与抗体可变区部位有众多相似之处，即其均由两条二硫键相连的多肽组成，TCR由阿尔法(α)、贝塔(β）链组成，     

体部γ-刀高分次剂量治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的：评价体部γ-刀高分次剂量治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和放射反应。方法：对28例Ⅰ～Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌采用国产旋转式体部γ-刀治疗,治疗时用真空负压袋固定体位、CT定位扫描和三维计划。照射剂量肿瘤边缘(50％剂量线)5Gy／次,5次／周,肿瘤局部总剂量40～50Gy：结果：原发灶的完全缓解率(CR)67．9％(19／28),部分缓解率(PR)32．1％(9／28),总有效率100％。28例全部按计划完成治疗,放射反应较轻,放射性肺炎,Ⅰ级占25％(7／28),Ⅱ级占10．7％(3／28)。放射性食管反应在周围型肺癌几乎没有,中心型肺癌的7例中,Ⅰ级5例,Ⅱ级2例=1、2年肿瘤局部控制率和总生存率分别为92．3％、82．8％和85．7％、76．5％：结论：体部伽玛刀治疗早期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效好,放射反应轻,能为所有患耐受,是一种有效安全的局部治疗手段之一;但是其远期疗效和晚发性放射损伤尚有待进一步观察。     

NF-kappa B和AP-1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达

背景与目的核因子kappa B（NF-kappa B）和激活蛋白1（AP-1）在细胞凋亡和增生过程中所起的作用逐渐被人们所认知，在肿瘤的形成过程中也扮演着重要的角色。本研究分析了NF-kappaB、AP-1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达，以明确二者之间的相互关系，并进一步研究二者对周期蛋白cyclin D1和caspase 3在非小细胞肺癌中表达的影响。方法应用Western blot检测NFkappaB、AP-1、cyclin D1和caspase 3在非小细胞肺癌中的蛋白表达，应用RT-PCR检测不同NF-kappaB和AP-1表达的肺癌组织中cyclin D1和cAspase 3的mRNA表达。应用相关分析判断NF-kappa B和AP-1的相关性。结果在45例非小细胞肺癌患者中，NF-kappaB和AP-1在肺癌组织中的表达均高于癌旁肺组织中的表达（0．6047比0．2798，P〈0．01）。在NF-kappaB和AP-1较高表达的肺癌组织中，cyclin D1蛋白表达和mRNA表达均增加（P〈0．01），而caspase 3的蛋白表达和mRNA表达减少（P（0．01）。相关分析显示NFkappaB和AP-1有明显的相关性（r=0．800，P（0．01）。结论NF-kappaB和AP-1作为转录因子可能在非小细胞肺癌的形成和发展中起重要作用。     

Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌胰岛素样生长因子-1受体的表达与预后关系

[目的]探讨胰岛素样生长因子1受体（IGF-1R）在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中的表达及其临床预后价值。[方法]随访2001年7月至2004年6月细针穿刺或纤维支气管镜病理活检确诊为Ⅳ期NSCLC患者104例,并采用免疫组织化学法检测IGF-1R在NSCLC癌组织的表达情况,Spearman相关分析IGF-1R表达与NSCLC临床特征的关系,生存情况采用Kaplan-Meier分析,Log-rank显著性检验,P〈0.05为有显著性差异;影响预后的多因素分析采用Cox比例风险模型。[结果]IGF-1R以细胞膜及胞浆混合型表达为主。NSCLC组织阳性表达率占75.96%,其中呈强阳性表达占38.46%,弱阳性表达占37.5%。Spearman相关分析显示IGF-1R表达与分化程度密切相关（P=0.04）。IGF-1R表达情况对Ⅳ期NSCLC生存期有影响,相对危险度5.15,P值为0.02。IGF-1R表达阴性病例组群曲线从随访的第10个月开始与表达阳性病例组群明显分离,P值为0.0297。[结论]IGF-1R是值得进一步关注的NSCLC的预后指标。     

Response of Small Cell Carcinoma of Pancreas to a Small Cell Lung Cancer Regimen: A Case Report

Small cell carcinoma of the pancreas is a very rare malignancy with 18 cases reported in the literature, of which only 3 were treated with chemotherapy. A 52-year-old man was diagnosed with small cell carcinoma originating in the head of the pancreas and invading the duodenum. He was treated with a similar approach as for localized small cell lung cancer, with six cycles of combination chemotherapy and local radiotherapy, and went into complete remission. After 3 months, he developed liver metastases along with an enlarged left supraclavicular lymph node. He was treated with two cycles of CVA, but developed lung metastases and was treated with ifosfamide/mesna. However, his overall condition deteriorated and hospice care was instituted until the patient's demise. The patient survived 14 months following diagnosis, significantly longer than the 15 reported patients with small cell pancreatic carcinomas not treated with chemotherapy. Combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy as is utilized for small cell lung cancer appear to be beneficial for small cell carcinoma of the pancreas.     

大细胞肺癌小肠转移1例病例报告和文献复习

大细胞肺癌占肺癌的10%-15%,是非小细胞肺癌的相对少见病理类型,其组织分化差,易发生转移,小肠转移在临床很少见,其诊断多在出现梗阻或穿孔时,现报道1例大连医科大学第一附属医院肿瘤内科收治的大细胞肺癌小肠转移病例.     

非小细胞肺癌小肠转移1例报告和文献复习

肺癌转移率高,50%患者诊断时已发生远处转移。常见的转移部位为脑、肝、肾上腺、骨、淋巴结。小肠转移者临床极少,大多在出现严重的并发症或尸     

A Case of Small Cell Lung Cancer Successfully Treated with VM26

A 79-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for a close examinationof an abnormal shadow on a routine chest roentgenogram. A largetumorous shadow in the right S¹ segment, and hilar and mediastinalnode swelling were observed. Transbronchial biopsy revealedthat the histologic type of the tumor was oat cell carcinoma.The clinical stage was considered to be limited disease. Becauseof his age, 79 years, he was treated with VM26 as a single agent.VM26 was administered by intravenous drip infusion of 60 mg/m²daily for five consecutive days every three to four weeks. Afterthe third course of treatment with VM26, he achieved partialresponse, and then radiation therapy to the primary site andthe hilar and mediastinal nodes was given at a total dose of6,000 rad. There have been few phase II studies of VM26 in patientswith small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Further phase II studiesshould be conducted for confirmation of the reproducibilityof the phase II study of VM26 in SCLC, and the efficacy of combinationchemotherapy including VM26 against SCLC should also be tested.     

Hypotension due to Chemotherapy in a Patient with Small Cell Lung Cancer and Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome Undergoing Hemodialysis: A First Case Report

We present the first case of small cell lung cancer with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome during hemodialysis (HD). A 72-year-old male patient receiving HD experienced progressive muscle weakness. He was diagnosed with small cell lung cancer with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome due to an increased serum level of anti-voltage-gated calcium channel antibody and aspiration cytology on endobronchial ultrasonography for the swelling of a subcarinal lymph node. He received chemotherapy consisting of carboplatin (300 mg/m²) and etoposide (50 mg/m²), to which he had a partial response. However, the second therapy course could not be administered because of the unexpected development of severe hematological adverse events, which also prevented him from undergoing further HD. This case indicates that caution should be taken when using chemotherapy for such patients because of hypotension due to chemotherapy, with which it is impossible to undergo HD.Key words: Small cell lung cancer, Chemotherapy, Hemodialysis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome     

肺癌致左眼视网膜转移1例报告

患者女性,55岁,因左眼视力下降,有水波纹,伴头昏、呕吐2个月于2004年6月22日外院就诊.眼底检查提示左眼底视乳头水肿;头颅CT平扫未见异常;眼眶CT平扫未见异常;鞍部平扫未见占位病变.腹部B超提示:①脂肪肝,②胆囊多发性息肉,③右肾轻度水肿,④颈动脉硬化;骨骼平片正常;腰椎片提示腰椎退行性改变;心电图提示窦律、S-T改变;胸片提示:①右上肺片状阴影,建议做CT进一步检查,②主动脉硬化;肺部CT提示:①两上肺结核首先考虑,左上肺结节灶不完全排除肺癌,建议增强扫描;眼部B超提示:视盘边界不清伴盘面增殖水肿状,鼻侧网膜和脉络膜斑状色素紊乱,伴轻度隆起.考虑:①视乳头水肿,②视网膜占位性病变