Study of the anti-MRSA activity of Rhizoma coptidis by chemical fingerprinting and broth microdilution methods

AIM： Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） is a pathogenic bacterium that causes both hospital- and community-acquired infections, and for which single-drug treatments are becoming less efficient. Rhizoma coptidis has been used for more than two thousand years in China to treat diarrhea, fever, and jaundice. In this study, the anti-MRSA activity of Rhizoma coptidis is examined and its effective components sought. METHODS： The mecA and norA genes were determined by PCR amplification and sequencing. Drug susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC43300 was performed using the VITEK2 compact system. The chemical fingerprint of Rhizoma coptidis was investigated using HPLC and preparative liquid chromatography, and the anti-MRSA activity was determined using an improved broth microdilution method. RESULTS： The drug susceptibility test revealed that the penicillin-binding protein phenotype of the strain changed in comparison to penicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Ten batches of Rhizoma coptidis showed anti-MRSA activity on the norA-negative Staphylococcus aureus strain, as well as the strain that contained a norA gene. The spectrum-effect relationship revealed that the berberine alkaloids were the effective components, within which berberine, coptisine, palmatine, epiberberine,, and jatrorrhizine were the major components. CONCLUSION： This study lays a foundation for in vivo studies of Rhizoma eoptidis and for the development of multi-component drugs.     

Simultaneous Determination of Seven Alkaloids in Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi Capsule by HPLC Coupled with DAD

Objective To establish a reverse-phase liquid chromatography method for the determination of seven alkaloids (magnoflorine, columbamine, jatrorrhizine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, and berberine) in Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi Capsule. Methods Chromatography was performed on a Dionex Acclaim C 18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0 μm) at 30 ℃ .The mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile-potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (0.015 mol/L, 40:60, including 1.7 g/L sodium dodecyl sulfate and phosphoric acid used to regulate pH value to 3.0), with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 270 nm. Results The calibration curves of magnoflorine, columbamine, jatrorrhizine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, and berberine were linear in the range of 1.07- 10.65, 0.78-7.55, 0.75-7.50, 1.60-15.95, 2.69-26.85, 2.31-23.10, and 6.04-60.40 mg/mL. The average recoveries of magnoflorine, columbamine, jatrorrhizine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, and berberine were 101.0%, 101.2%, 100.1%, 100.0%, 100.1%, 101.1%, and 99.7%, respectively. Conclusion The method could be used for the quantitative determination of the preparation.     

Effects of Postharvest Processing and Geographical Source on Phytochemical Variation of Corydalis Rhizoma

Objective To assess the relative contributions of postharvest processing and geographical source to phytochemical variation of Corydalis Rhizoma, and rhizome of Corydalis yanhusuo, and to examine what phytochemical components are the most sensitive to the differences of each factor and how they change. Methods HPLC fingerprinting and LC-MS coupled with chemometric approaches were applied. Results The results of principal component analysis(PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) explicitly demonstrated the postharvest processing could produce a greater impact on the phytochemical profiles of Corydalis Rhizoma than geographical source. The contents of most compounds increased after water boiling while decreased after sulphur-fumigation.Protopine, coptisine, and palmatine were the most variable components in processing. Geographical sources also led to a remarkable phytochemical differentiation, in which the environmental variation of the three regions might play a role. Dehydrocorybulbine, coptisine, dehydrocorydaline, and protopine varied most among the three production regions and decreased sequentially in Zhejiang, Shaanxi, and Jiangsu provinces, China. Conclusion Both postharvest processing and geographical source should be enhanced with the priority for the former in the quality control of Corydalis Rhizoma. The application of boiling is supported but the consistency should be improved in practice. Sulphur-fumigation is strongly suggested to be abandoned.     

Metabolites Identification of Curcumin, Demethoxycurcumin and Bisdemethoxycurcumin in Rats After Oral Administration of Nanoparticle Formulations by Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry

Background: Curcuminoids are promising cancer chemopreventive agents. Curcumin, demethoxycurcumin(DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin(BDMC) are the major bioactive curcuminoids in turmeric. However, comprehensive metabolic studies of these three curcuminoids are still limited.Objective: To identify the metabolites of curcumin, DMC and BDMC in rats after oral administration of solid lipid nanoparticles(SLNs).Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats(250 ± 20 g, body weight) were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=3), and were orally administered with curcumin-SLN, DMC-SLN, BDMC-SLN, or blank-SLN, respectively. Plasma samples(500 μL) via the angular vein were collected at 1, 2 and 4 h post dosing, and the urine and feces samples were collected at 0–12 h and 12–24 h post-intake. An HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSnmethod was developed to identify the metabolites. The structures of phase II metabolites were further confirmed by enzyme hydrolysis.Results: A total of 34 metabolites were identified in rats plasma, urine, and feces. Most of them were phase II metabolites, including glucuronide conjugates and sulfate conjugates. Among them, the glucuronide conjugates were the major metabolites in rats plasma. In the meanwhile, the three parent curcuminoids were detected in high amounts in the urine and feces samples.Conclusion: The possible metabolic pathways of curcuminoids in rats were proposed.     

Absorption characteristics of the bealei in an in situ single-pass total alkaloids from Mahonia intestinal perfusion assay

AIM： To investigate the absorption characteristics of the total alkaloids from Mahoniae Caulis （TAMC） through the administration of monterpene absorption enhancers or protein inhibitors. METHOD： The absorption behavior was investigated in an in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion （SPIP） assay in rats. RESULTS： The intestinal absorption of TAMC was much more than that of a single compound or a mixture of compounds （jatrorrhizine, palmatine, and berberine）. Promotion of absorption by the bicyclic monoterpenoids （borneol or camphor） was higher than by the monocyclic monoterpenes （menthol or menthone）, and promotion by compounds with a hydroxyl group （borneol or menthol） was higher than those with a carbonyl group （camphor or menthone）. The apparent permeability coefficient （Papp） of TAMC was increased to 1.8-fold by verapamil, while it was reduced to one half by thiamine. The absorption rate constant （Ka） and Papp of TAMC were unchanged by probenecid and pantoprazole. CONCLUSION： The intestinal absorption characteristics of TAMC might be passive transport, and the intestinum tenue was the best absorptive site. In addition, TAMC might be likely a substrate of P-glycoprotein （P-gp） and organic cation transporters （OCT）, rather than multidrug resistance protein （MRP） and breast cancer resistance protein （BCRP）. Compared with a single compound and a mixture of compounds, TAMC was able to be absorbed in the blood circulation effectively.     

Dynamic monitoring of the cytotoxic effects of protoberberine alkaloids from Rhizoma Coptidis on HepG2 cells using the xCELLigence system

AIM： To investigate the cytotoxic effects of the six protoberberine alkaloids （PAs） from Rhizoma Coptidis on HepG2 cells. METHOD： A systematic screening was conducted to investigate the dynamic response of HepG2 cells to the PAs using the im- pedance-based xCELLigence system. Cisplatin was selected as the positive control. The real time, concentration-response curves and the 50% inhibitory concentrations （IC50） were acquired to evaluate the anticancer activity of the PAs. RESULTS： All of the six PAs inhibited cell growth and induce death in HepG2 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent man- ner. The ICso values of cisplatin, berberine, columbamine, coptisine, epiberberine, jatrorrhizine, and palmatine were 5.13, 42.33, 226.54, 36.90, 302.72, 383.54, and 456.96 μg.mL^-1, respectively. The results obtained using the xCELLigence system corres- ponded well with those of the conventional methods. CONCLUSION： The xCELLigence system is a reliable and efficient tool for real-time screening of the cytotoxic effect of com- pounds in cell-based in vitro assays. Coptisine and berberine, with methylenedioxy group at C2 and C3 on the phenyl ring showed stronger effect.than the other four PAs. However, compared with cisplatin, the six PAs didn＇t show obvious cytotoxic effect on HepG2 cells.These results provided some useful data for the evaluation of the anticancer compounds, and the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine.     

Determination of drug release in vitro of atractylenolide Ⅰ liposome by RP-HPLC

Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method for the determination of drug release in vitro of atractylenolide Ⅰ liposomes. Methods The release behavior of the drug from liposomes was studied by the third method for dissolution. ZORBAX C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) was used with a mobile phase of Methanol-Acetonitrile-0.2% from liposomes in vitro fitted the log-normal distribution equation and had a property of sustained release. Conclusion The method is simple, fast and selective. It is suitable for the determination of release profile in vitro of atractylenolide Ⅰ liposomes.     

Directional screening and identification of potential cytotoxic components from Achnatherum inebrians by a combination of surface palsmon resonance and chromatography

Objective: To establish a method for directional screening of the cytotoxic components from the medicinal herb of Achnatherum inebrians by a combination of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor and chromatographic isolation technology. Methods: Under the guidance of bioactive assessment based on binding abilities between objects and the α-Mannosidase (α-Man) target, the active components from different solvents extracts, different polar extraction parts and fractions were screened orderly and directionally using SPR. Components with a high binding ability to α-Man can be precisely oriented in a narrower fractions range and are easy to isolate. Three human cancer cells were used to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of component with the highest affinity to α-Man. Results: Eight compounds were isolated and identificated from A. inebrians for the first time. Deoxyvasicinone possessed the highest affinity to α-Man among them. Moreover, deoxyvasicinone showed good effects on inhibited proliferation of human hepatoma cells HepG2 (IC50 = 5.7 μmol/L), human breast cancer cells MCF7 (IC50 = 7.21 μmol/L) and human lung cancer cells HCC827 (IC50 = 0.75 μmol/L), respectively. In particular, its inhibitory effect on HCC827 was stronger than the positive drug gefitinib (IC50 = 1.65 μmol/L). Conclusion: A comprehensive strategy of directional screening potential cytotoxic components from herb based on biomolecular interaction and chromatography was established. Deoxyvasicinone as an effective anti-cancer component was initially isolated from A. inebrians. It is expected that this screening strategy could provide new perspectives for rapid screening and identification of active components from natural plants with the complex matrix.     

Annual advances of integrative pharmacology in 2019

Representative studies concerning the pharmacology of traditional medicine and active herbal products have been summarized over the past 12 months.This annual integrative pharmacology review encompasses research articles published during 2019 on the bioactive compounds and extracts used in traditional medicine.Reports highlighting the pharmacology progress of traditional medicine were specifically introduced,including artemisinin for cancer cell sensibility and induction to ferroptosis,rutin for neuroinflammation suppression,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma for gut microbiota regulation against obesity,green tea and Pu-erh tea for metabolic syndrome,and marine-derived oligosaccharide(GV-971)from brown algae for anti-dementia.Moreover,novel TCM molecular targets and pharmacological mechanisms were trialed against different human diseases,including cancers,cardiovascular,cerebrovascular diseases,diabetes,and metabolic diseases.Notably,herb-derived bioactive products have become important treatment alternatives for cancer research in 2019.Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,together with diabetes and metabolic diseases,are ongoing research areas for traditional medicine.Moreover,inflammation and infectious disease are also attracting more attention by researchers,which might have been influenced by seasonal influenza or HIV/Ebola viral infections.Further traditional medicine investigations are required in neurodegenerative diseases,depression,and mental diseases.Taken together,the findings of the integrative pharmacology review in 2019 provide a vast number of novel lead compounds or drug candidates for future clinical agent development and also details a novel series of attractive therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms for human diseases.     

Postmarketing safety evaluation： depside salt injection made from Danshen （Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae）

OBJECTIVE： To systematically examine the postmarketing safety of depside salt injection made from Danshen（Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae）,identifythe potential risk factors, and ensure its clinical safety.METHODS： We examined a comprehensive series of studies on the production process, quality standards, pharmacology, population pharmacokinetics, and safety evaluation of depside salt injection made from Danshen（Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae）. Data from Ⅰ-Ⅳ clinical drug trials, hospital information systems（HIS）, and spontaneous reporting systems（SRS） were also analyzed.RESULTS： The effective components of salvianolic acid salt content reached almost 100%, and the magnesium lithospermate B content reached morethan 80%. The median lethal dose（LD50） calculated by the Bliss method was 1.49 g/kg, with 95%confidence intervals of 1.29-1.72 g/kg. Long-term tests on Beagle dogs indicated that doses of less than 80 mg/kg were safe and doses of 320 mg/kg were toxic. Adverse drug reactions（ADRs） included digestive disorders; drug-induced erythrocyte deformation in lung, liver, spleen, kidney, bone marrow, intestinal mucosa, lymph nodes, and other tissues; megakaryocytes in lung, liver, and spleen resulting from mild hemolysis; and mild hyperplasia in bone marrow hematopoietic tissue. Other studies indicated no irritative effect of the injection on local tissues and blood vessels, and no allergic reactions, erythrocyte coagulation, or hemolysis. SRS data showed that the most common ADRs were headache, head distention, dizziness, facial flushing, skin itching, thrombocytopenia, and the reversibility of elevated Aspartate transaminase. HIS data indicated no damage to renal function from using depside salt injection made from Danshen（Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae） at a dosage higher than the recommended dose.CONCLUSION： This study analyzes the clinical characteristics of ADRs from depside salt injection made from Danshen（Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae）,and discusses the factors influencing such     

黄连生物碱在大鼠体内的代谢转化及分布

目的:测定黄连生物碱在大鼠体内的药代动力学、组织分布,及药根碱、黄连碱、巴马汀、小檗碱4种生物碱在大鼠体内的转化。方法:大鼠分别灌胃黄连总碱、小檗碱,采用反相高效液相色谱法测定大鼠的血浆、组织、胃肠道中黄连4种生物碱的含量。结果:小檗碱在大鼠体内的血药浓度出现2个峰值,达峰时间分别2,5h,其中血药浓度分别为Cmax3.7,2.8mg.L-1;小檗碱在大鼠血液中可以转化为药根碱;给大鼠灌胃黄连总生物碱后,小檗碱在大鼠胃中的浓度单调下降,而黄连碱、巴马汀和药根碱逐渐增加,表明在大鼠的胃中小檗碱可转化为药根碱;小檗碱和巴马汀主要分布在动物的肺部,其次分布在肝脏中,而药根碱和黄连碱主要分布在动物的肝脏中,其次分布在肺部。结论:小檗碱可以转化为药根碱,根据胃肠道推进实验部分解释了小檗碱在血液中出现2次峰值的原因。     

A labdane diterpene glucoside from the rhizomes of Curcuma mangga

A new labdane diterpene glucoside, curcumanggoside (1), together with nine known compounds, including labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (2), calcaratarin A (3), zerumin B (4), scopoletin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, 1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one, curcumin, and p-hydroxycinnamic acid, have been isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma mangga. Their structures were determined using a combination of 1D (1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT) and 2D (COSY, HSQC, HMBC) NMR techniques. All diarylheptanoids and scopoletin showed significant antioxidant activity. Zerumin B, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, and curcumin also exhibited cytotoxic activity against a panel of five human tumor cell lines.     

一测多评法优选黄连最佳提取工艺

目的:优选黄连的最佳提取工艺。方法:应用一测多评法测定黄连中表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀、小檗碱的含量,通过正交试验设计,以黄连中表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀及小檗碱含量之和为指标优选黄连最佳提取工艺。结果:最佳工艺条件为10倍量70%乙醇提取3次,每次1.5 h。结论:该提取工艺可以有效提取黄连中小檗碱等多种生物碱。     

姜黄素类化合物的分离及其抗肝癌和子宫内膜癌的研究

目的从中药姜黄提取3种姜黄素类化合物并对它们进行抗肝癌细胞和子宫内膜癌作用研究。方法采用柱层析法从姜黄提取物中分离出3种姜黄素类化合物,用MTT法测定其抗肝癌细胞和子宫内膜癌作用。结果3种姜黄素化合物分别鉴定为姜黄素、脱甲氧基姜黄素和双脱甲氧基姜黄素。0.01 mg/m l双脱甲氧基姜黄素,0.01 mg/m l和0.001 mg/m l脱甲氧基姜黄素能明显抑制肝癌细胞的生长;0.01 mg/m l和0.001 mg/m l双脱甲氧基姜黄素,0.01 mg/m l脱甲氧基姜黄素,0.01 mg/m l和0.001 mg/m l姜黄素能明显抑制子宫内膜癌细胞的生长。结论一定浓度的姜黄素化合物能明显抑制肝癌和子宫内膜癌细胞的生长。     

葛根芩连汤及不同配伍组中生物碱类成分的肠外翻吸收研究

目的 应用肠外翻模型研究葛根芩连汤(葛根、黄芩、黄连和炙甘草)及其不同配伍组中4个生物碱类成分在大鼠不同肠段的吸收特征.方法 采用肠外翻模型,考察葛根芩连汤中黄连碱、药根碱、小檗碱、巴马汀4个生物碱类成分的肠吸收机制;同时考察不同肠段、药物浓度等因素对它们吸收的影响并比较各组分在全方和不同配伍组给药时的吸收变化情况.结果 各组分在不同肠段的吸收均为线性吸收,符合零级吸收速率.药根碱在各肠段的吸收方式除被动扩散外还存在主动转运.小檗碱、巴马汀的吸收速率常数(Ka)均随剂量的增加而增加,显示它们为被动扩散.黄连碱在空肠中的吸收表现为主动转运;而在十二指肠、回肠、结肠中表现为被动扩散.肠道不同部位的吸收实验表明,全方中小檗碱、巴马汀的最佳吸收部位为空肠;黄连碱、药根碱的最佳吸收部位为结肠.结论 比较不同配伍组的Ks,4个生物碱成分在全方中吸收最好,其他三个配伍组的吸收没有显著性差异.     

基于脑微透析联合LC-MS/MS技术的交泰丸在正常与失眠大鼠的脑内药动学特性比较研究

目的：比较交泰丸口服给药后,其主要活性成分（小檗碱、巴马汀、黄连碱、表小檗碱和药根碱）在正常和失眠大鼠的脑内药动学特性。 方法：运用液相色谱-串联质谱结合脑微透析方法对五种原小檗碱型生物碱进行测定。于大鼠的大脑海马体内植入脑微透析探针,交泰丸提取物灌胃给药后每30 min 收集一管透析液,持续10 h。采用BDS Hypersil C18色谱柱进行分离,流动相为乙腈-水（含5 mmol 乙酸铵并调pH至5.0）,时长4 min。检测方式为多反应检测模式,MS/MS条件分别为小檗碱m/z 336.0-320.1,巴马汀m/z 352.0-336.1,药根碱m/z 338.0-322.1,表小檗碱m/z 336.0-320.1,黄连碱m/z 320.0-292.1,四氢巴马汀（内标）m/z 356.4-192.1。 结果：建立的LC-MS/MS方法的线性、准确度、精密度、稳定性和基质效应均符合要求,定量下限为0.05 ng•mL-1。五种原小檗碱型生物碱能迅速分布于脑内,其在正常组和模型组的脑内药动学行为具有显著性差异,主要表现在AUC和半衰期。 结论：本实验有效地使用了LC-MS/MS结合脑微透析的方法对交泰丸中的五种原小檗碱型生物碱进行脑内药动学研究。结果显示,这五种原小檗碱型生物碱能直接作用于海马体,且其在失眠大鼠中的吸收显著高于正常大鼠。     

3种姜黄色素干预ox-LDL促平滑肌细胞增殖与影响LDL-R表达的研究

目的:研究3种不同结构的姜黄色素单体对牛主动脉平滑肌细胞(VSMC)增殖及牛VSMC低密度脂蛋白受体(LDL-R)表达的影响,解析构效关系。方法:用MTT比色法和流式细胞仪观察3种不同结构的姜黄色素单体对ox-LDL促牛VSMC增殖及对VSMC LDL-R表达的影响。结果:ox-LDL在2.5,5,10 mg.L^-1时,对VSMC有明显的促增殖作用,P<0.05。姜黄素16.5,33,66μmol.L^-1,一脱甲氧基姜黄素(简称一脱)33,66μmol.L^-1和二脱甲氧基姜黄素(简称二脱)66μmol.L^-1对10 mg.L^-1ox-LDL培养的VSMC有明显的抑制作用,P<0.05。3种姜黄色素的抑制率为姜黄素>一脱>二脱。3种姜黄色素在66,33,16.5μmol.L^-1时对VSMC LDL-R的表达均有明显的上调作用,其中姜黄素16.5μmol.L^-1组与正常组比较,P<0.05,其他组与正常组比较P<0.01,上调作用二脱>一脱>姜黄素,经组间方差分析,P<0.01,与姜黄色素抑制牛VSMC增殖作用相反。结论:3种不同结构姜黄色素单体能明显抑制ox-LDL促牛VSMC增殖作用,上调牛VSMC LDL-R表达,从而有可能延缓动脉粥样硬化的发生发展过程。     

切换波长HPLC同时测定左金丸乙醇提取物中7种生物碱的含量

目的:建立同时测定左金丸乙醇提取物中表小檗碱、盐酸药根碱、黄连碱、盐酸巴马汀、盐酸小檗碱、吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱含量的液相色谱法.方法:采用Kromasil C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)柱,以乙腈-0.1％磷酸和0.05％三乙胺水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长0～40 min为265 nm,40～55 min为225 nm.结果:表小檗碱、盐酸药根碱、黄连碱、盐酸巴马汀、盐酸小檗碱、吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱的线性范围分别是0.2759～17.66,0.2670 ～ 17.09,0.2625～16.80,0.2214～14.17,0.9487 ～ 60.71,0.0504 ～ 3.229,0.0449 ～2.874 mg·L-1,平均回收率分别为100.4％,99.8％,100.2％,100.0％,99.0％,98.9％,97.4％,RSD分别为1.8％,1.2％,2.1％,2.1％,2.0％,2.0％,2.2％.结论:本法简便、准确,可同时测定左金丸乙醇提取物中表小檗碱、盐酸药根碱、黄连碱、盐酸巴马汀、盐酸小檗碱、吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱的含量,为左金丸的现代制剂研究和质量控制提供方法学参考.     

一测多评法比较不同黄连炮制品中4种生物碱的含量

目的:比较黄连及其不同炮制品中表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀、小檗碱的含量.方法:应用一测多评法同时测定黄连不同炮制品中4种生物碱的含量.Agilent TC-C18色谱柱(2)(4.6 mm ×250 mm,5μm),流动相乙腈-0.05 mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液(50∶50,每100 mL中加十二烷基硫酸钠0.4g,再以磷酸调节pH 4.0),检测波长345 nm,柱温25℃,流速1mL·min-1,理论塔板数以盐酸小檗碱计算应大于2 000.结果:黄连经不同方法炮制后表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀、小檗碱的含量均有不同程度的降低.结论:试验建立的含量测定方法快捷、经济,可作为黄连不同炮制品的质量检测方法.     

半夏泻心汤及不同配伍组对黄连生物碱大鼠体外肝代谢的影响

目的研究大鼠肝微粒体温孵育体系中黄连生物碱成分的代谢动力学,比较半夏泻心汤全方及不同配伍组对其肝微粒体代谢的影响。方法超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)测定大鼠肝微粒体温孵体系中黄连生物碱成分(小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀、药根碱)质量浓度。采用在体诱导-体外肝微粒体温孵方法,考察半夏泻心汤全方,辛温开痞组、苦寒降逆组及甘滋补益组对黄连生物碱成分在大鼠肝微粒体系中的代谢变化影响。结果温孵时间小檗碱在0～40 min内,黄连碱在0～20 min内,巴马汀和药根碱均在0～60 min内呈线性消除;各生物碱成分在空白肝微粒体中代谢速率顺序为黄连碱>小檗碱>药根碱>巴马汀;与空白组相比,除辛温开痞组对巴马汀的代谢无抑制作用外,其余配伍组对黄连生物碱成分均呈抑制作用,全方的抑制作用最为显著。结论半夏泻心汤全方对生物碱的代谢主要起抑制作用(P<0.01),且苦寒降逆组的抑制作用较其他配伍组显著。