用腹腔镜移植绵羊胚胎

用腹腔镜观察绵羊卵巢的变化,诊断妊娠和确定胚胎数量已得到广泛使用。最近已成功地将这种方法用于绵羊的腹腔内输精。 目前.只能依靠手术进行绵羊的胚胎移植。因为继发术后粘连使重复移植受到限制,所以,需要选用腹腔镜移植胚胎。 本研究使用8只6—8岁的经产美利奴母羊。每只植入孕激素阴道海绵栓14天。其中3只作为供体。在取出海绵栓时,给每只供体羊注射1000单位孕马血清促性腺激素,     

应用激素调控绵羊繁殖生产之初探

为探索应用激素调控绵羊繁殖生产,诱导绵羊非繁殖季节发情配种,挑选细毛羊和部分土种羊经产母羊共计257只,分成三组,即Ⅰ组70只细毛羊,第Ⅱ组157只细毛羊和Ⅲ组30只土种羊,用外源促性腺激素进行诱导发情处理,结果Ⅰ组产羔率达到了51.43%,比Ⅱ组的产羔率32.48%高出18.95个百分点(P<0.01),比Ⅲ组的6.67%高出44.76个百分点(P<0.01),Ⅱ组比Ⅲ组高出25.81个百分点(P<0.01)。研究表明应用生殖激素对细毛羊在非繁殖季节实施诱导发情是可行的,土种羊对外源促性腺激素的应答没有细毛羊敏感。     

奶山羊乏情期诱导发情效果研究

为使处于乏情期的奶山羊发情,采用孕酮阴道释放装置和孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)处理对三原莎能奶山羊种羊场的73只母羊进行诱导发情。试验羊分为三组,将含有孕激素的阴道栓置于试验羊阴道中9d,分别在撤栓前48h、撤栓前24h和撤栓同时(即Oh)配合肌肉注射PMSG 300 IU/只,研究孕马血清促性腺激素不同使用时间的诱导发情效果。结果三组羊的发情率分别为52.63%、78.79%和85.71%;同期率分别为42.11%、69.71%和76.19%,三者差异显著(P<0.05);羊只的发情时间集中在撤栓后48 h左右,以48 h为峰值呈现正态分布;发情羊发情持续时间分别为34.81 h、36.46 h和30.67 h。试验结果表明在撤栓同时配合肌肉注射PMSG的发情率和同期率最高,发情持续期最短,是可以在奶山羊生产中应用的诱导发情程序。     

山羊胚胎的回收,贮藏,移植技术和进展

一、供体母羊的超数排卵 孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)、马垂体提取物(HAP)和猪垂体提取物(“FSH-P”)是最常用的诱导超数排卵的促性腺激素,但仅有少数资料指出,公山羊垂体前叶提取物HAP的精制和投药,将有效地诱导安哥拉山羊的超数排卵。与绵羊相同,在近10—15年间,山羊的最显著的进展是应用孕激素和前列腺素(如50—100微克氯前列烯醇-ICI)及促性腺激素控制超数排卵的时间(见表),孕激素可通过多种方式投药,如每日肌肉或皮下注射(每天2毫克孕酮),或用阴道子宫栓(30—45毫克Chronolone-“ chronogest”     

非繁殖季节绵羊诱导发情试验

对处于非繁殖季节的300只阿勒泰大尾羊采用CIDR PMSG法进行诱导发情处理,结果表明CIDR埋植12d和14d没有显著差异,较大剂量的PMSG可以提高母羊产羔率。     

山羊胚胎可在家禽蛋中进行培养

把哺乳动物胚胎植入到发育4天的鸡胚中培养96小时后回收,这项技术已获成功。小鼠、山羊和牛胚胎在鸡胚中进行体外培育的结果证实,这项培养技术比在单一的培养基中进行体外培育,更具优越性。用Syncromate—B埋植3只杂种奶山羊耳进行同期发情处理,埋管取出前2天每日两次肌注FSH—P以刺激卵泡发育,注射剂量依次递减(4、3、2、1毫克),总计注量为20毫克/只。另有6只受体母羊用Syncromate—B做同期发情处理,但不注FSH。供体母羊在取除埋管12小时后与公羊一起饲养,便于及时配种,直至母羊不再发情为止。受体羊取除埋管后12小时与试情公羊合群,6只受体母羊中有4只表现出发情,即与3只供     

羊生产性胚胎移植的组织与技术程序

从生产实际出发 ,系统论述了羊生产性胚胎移植的组织及技术程序。主要包括 :胚胎移植条件的准备 ;生产场技术助手的培训 ;选择适宜的供、受体羊 ,并加强饲养管理 ;在适宜的季节 ,用宁波激素厂促卵泡素 (FSH) 2 50～ 30 0IU(绵羊 )和 30 0～350IU(山羊 ) ,或用中科院动物所FSH 7.5mg(绵羊 )和 9～ 1 2mg(山羊 ) ,以减量法进行供体超排 ;供、受体比例为 1 :8～ 1 2 ;用炔诺酮阴道栓配合促性腺激素 ,或用氯前列烯醇 (PG)进行受体同期发情处理 ;从供体子宫角手术回收的桑椹胚～早期囊胚 ,移植于受体羊子宫角 ;完整的记录体系     

胚胎移植技术在纯种德国美利奴羊选育中的应用研究

本研究对 2 8只纯种德国肉用美利奴供体羊进行超排处理 ,供体羊共计排卵 453枚 ,平均每只羊 1 6 .1 8± 4.0 4枚 ,共回收可用胚胎 385枚 ,平均每只羊 1 3.75± 4.0 1枚。将 385枚胚胎移植给 32 6只受体羊 ,产羔率达到 77.6 1 %。结果表明 :①供体羊的年龄对超数排卵效果没有明显的影响 ;对性成熟不久的供体羊 ,初次诱发排卵时适当降低FSH剂量可与成年经产母羊一样有较好的超排效果。排卵点分别为1 6 .86± 4.6 1个 (育成羊 )、1 5.6± 3.40个 (成年羊 ) ,可用胚 1 4.1 5± 4.45枚 (育成羊 )、1 3.4± 3.56枚 (成年羊 ) ;②合理的饲养管理是受体羊胚胎移植后受胎率的关键 ,补饲条件下受体羊产羔率 ( 81 % )显著高于典型草原放牧型受体羊的产羔率 ( 76 .1 % ) ;③供受体羊的发情同步差对受体羊的产羔率有重要的影响 ,同步差 0h、± 1 2h的受体羊产羔率 ( 76 .54 % )显著高于同步差± 2 4h的产羔率 ( 52 .54 % )。     

不同FSH处理方法对多浪羊同期发情效果的影响

为了研究FSH不同注射方法对多浪羊繁殖性能的影响,试验将172只多浪羊母羊随机分为A、B、C三个试验组和一个对照组D,在相同饲养条件下,采用阴道放置海绵栓,第11 d撤栓时注射相同剂量的孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)和氯前列烯醇(PG)进行同期发情处理,埋栓后第9 d,150 IU FSH按照不同注射方法对A、B、C组进行处理。结果表明:A组(150 IU)发情率为77.78%,B组(100 IU+50 IU)发情率为80.65%,C组(75 IU+75 IU)发情率为87.50%,对照D组发情率为80.36%,统计分析3个试验组和对照组之间的发情率差异不显著(P>0.05),说明多浪羊采用孕酮+PMSG+PG同期发情处理及FSH不同的注射方法对发情率没有显著的影响,但C组(75 IU+75 IU)发情率高于其他组。     

控制性腺功能基因的作用机制

种间和种内的繁殖性能都存在着很大的遗传变异。明显的遗传变异有:窝产仔数、自然排卵率、外源激素诱导的排卵率、胚胎存活、卵泡数、卵巢和睾丸的重量、LH受体特性、类固醇和抑制素的产生、血清促性腺激素和催乳素的浓度、配种的季节性、促性腺激素释放的季节类型、雌二醇峰值与LH峰值的间隔时间。以及由GnRH诱导的LH释放。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.