脂质沉积性肌病临床和病理特征分析

、心肌酶学、肌电图和肌肉活检、肉毒碱检查等相结合,其中肌肉活枪发现肌纤维内脂滴增多是目前临床上诊断此病的重要方法和指标,其具体分型还需进行生化检测;肾上腺皮质激素、肉毒碱、维生素、及含有丰富肉毒碱食物等综合治疗对改善临床症状有效,明确病因具体分型后可给予针对性治疗.     

脂质沉积性肌病

目的:从临床及肌肉活检角度分析脂质沉积性肌病的特点。方法:分析3例脂质沉积性肌病患者的临床特点、实验室检查、肌肉活检资料。结果:3例患者四肢近端肌无力,肌活检发现肌纤维内空泡样变,脂肪染色脂滴增多。经低脂饮食、核黄素、能量合剂治疗后好转。结论:脂质沉积性肌病的确诊依靠肌肉活检,及早认识、诊断此病,进行综合治疗,临床预后良好。     

家族性脂质沉积性肌病

报告一家系７例脂质沉积性肌病的临床表现及两例肌肉病理改变。进行性全身肌无力，以肢体近端为主，肌张力低下，两例伴颈肌无力。血清ＣＫ、ＬＤＨ、ＧＯＴ增高。肌活检Ⅰ型纤维内大量脂滴。电镜见肌原纤维间脂滴增多，呈平行或串珠样排列。用激素及辅酶Ｑ１０治疗症状改善。     

脂质沉积性肌病

脂质沉积性肌病是先天性脂质代谢障碍,致脂质沉积在肌纤维中而引起的一组肌病。肌活检示肌纤维中有大量脂肪颗粒沉积,以Ⅰ型肌纤维受累为重。经低脂饮食及药物治疗,病情可控制。本文对该病的发病机制,临床表现,肌电图,肌肉病理特点,诊断,鉴别诊断及治疗等作一综述。     

脂质沉积性肌病临床特征(附10例报告)

目的总结脂质沉积性肌病(lipid storage myopathy,LSM)的临床特点,以提高对此疾病的认识。方法回顾性分析10例LSM患者资料并复习文献。结果本组患者平均起病年龄(21.7±10.2)岁,呈亚急性或慢性起病,病情缓慢进展加重或出现缓解复发,主要表现为运动耐受差和不同程度的肌无力、肌痛或触痛、腱反射减弱或消失、肌萎缩,肌酶轻-中度升高,神经电生理显示肌源性损害或者混合性损害。肌肉病理学显示肌纤维间、肌膜下、胞核周围大量排列成串或成团的脂滴,无炎性细胞浸润。糖皮质激素治疗可以改善症状。结论LSM是以肌无力和肌疲劳为主要表现的肌纤维内脂肪代谢障碍病。肌肉病理检查有助于确定诊断。     

脂质沉积性肌病的临床和病理特点分析

目的 探讨脂质沉积性肌病(LSM)的临床表现、病理特征和各型对治疗的反应。方法 收集本院近期确诊的脂质性肌病患者3例,对其临床表现、实验室检查、肌电图、肌肉病理活检光镜和电镜下表现及药物治疗进行分析。结果 脂质沉积性肌病的临床变异性较大,但均有肌肉无力; 血清肌酸激酶的升高程度与临床症状的轻重无关,与疾病的类型也无关; 肌电图均表现为典型的肌源性损害或合并神经源性损害; 肌肉活检光镜和电镜下都可见大量脂质沉积; 核黄素敏感的LSM预后相当好,其他治疗也有一定疗效。结论 脂质沉积性肌病的临床表现各异,肌电图仅能定位在肌肉损害,主要还得依靠肌肉活检,并且电镜更有助于诊断,疗效各型不一,有条件最好进行基因检查进行分型诊断和针对性治疗。     

脂质沉积性肌病的临床和病理特点

目的总结脂质沉积性肌病（lipid storage myopathy,LSM）的临床和病理特点,为早期诊断和治疗提供参考。方法对5例脂质沉积性肌病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 5例脂质沉积性肌病患者均为慢性或亚急性起病,主要表现为不同程度的肌无力和对运动不耐受、血清肌酶均升高、神经电生理检查显示肌源性损害,病理检查发现肌纤维内空泡样变,脂滴明显增多,脂滴空泡呈＂串珠＂样排列。给予能量支持、低脂饮食、糖皮质激素等治疗后患者的临床症状好转。结论脂质沉积性肌病的确诊依靠肌肉活检,该病预后良好,及时的诊断和综合治疗可明显改善患者的生活质量。     

核黄素反应性脂质沉积性肌病二例

目的探讨核黄素反应性脂质沉积性肌病(LSM)的临床、病理及基因突变特征。方法分析两例核黄素反应性LSM患者的临床资料。结果本组两例患者表现为慢性起病的四肢和躯干肌无力,不能耐受疲劳,例2累及吞咽功能,例1累及咀嚼功能。两例肌肉活检发现肌纤维内大量脂肪沉积,未见肌纤维坏死和再生,改良Gomori三色染色、琥珀酸脱氢酶染色未发现线粒体酶活性缺失。两例患者均有2个以上位点突变,有明确临床意义的突变均为ETFDH外显子改变,应用核黄素治疗后两例明显好转。结论本病多累及躯干和四肢肌,表现为肌无力和疲劳不耐受;病理特征为肌肉脂肪沉积,基因突变多为ETFDH改变。核黄素单一治疗对本病有显著疗效。     

脂质沉积性肌病的临床与病理分析

目的探讨脂质沉积性肌病(lipidstoragemyopathy,LSM)的临床表现及病理学特点。方法回顾分析7例LSM的临床表现、肌电图及肌肉活检病理改变。结果LSM的主要临床特点为亚急性或慢性起病,近端肌无力,症状呈波动性,血清肌酶有不同程度的升高,多数病人肌电图示肌源性损害,激素治疗有效。病理学特点为肌纤维内可见大量均匀的小筛孔样空泡,部分空泡融合成大泡或形成裂隙状。ORO染色证实筛孔样空泡为大量红染的脂肪颗粒充填,部分肌纤维破裂,伴脂肪颗粒堆积。受累纤维以Ⅰ型纤维为主。电镜证实肌纤维内脂滴堆积,其中1例伴有异常线粒体增多。结论LSM是一种以易疲劳和肌无力为主要临床表现的脂质代谢障碍性肌病,激素治疗可获得良好疗效。肌肉活检病理学检查是诊断LSM的重要手段。     

脂质沉积性肌病的临床和病理特点分析

目的从临床和病理学的角度分析脂质沉积性肌病的特点。方法分析2例脂质沉积性肌病的临床特点、实验室检查和病理学资料,并复习相关的文献资料。结果2例患者的临床表现和肌酶水平有差异,但病理学检查类似:肌纤维内空泡样或裂隙样改变,脂肪染色脂滴增多;电镜下有大量脂滴伴线粒体的异常。结论脂质沉积性肌病具有多样的临床表现,确诊依靠肌肉活检,及早认识和确诊,综合治疗,临床预后相对较好。     

脂肪累积性肌肉病线粒体形态计量分析

目的:通过对脂肪累积性肌肉病(LSM)的肌肉标本进行线粒体形态计量分析,探讨LSM的发病机制及与线粒体肌病的关系。方法:肌活检证实的LSM30例,按照有无破碎红纤维(RRF)又分为RRF(一)的LSM-1组及RRF(+)的LSM-2组。线粒体肌病15例。正常对照15例。分别测量线粒体的平均周长、截面积、面数密度、比表面积,应用SPSS软件进行单因素方差分析及Q检验。结果:LSM-1组的线粒体各项指标与正常对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。LSM-1组与线粒体肌病组的差异有非常显著意义(P<0.01)。LSM-2组的线粒体的各项指标与正常对照组的差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。LSM-1组与LSM-2组的线粒体的各项指标的差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。结论:LSM是一病理诊断,其可由多种原因导致发病。LSM-1组可能为原发脂肪代谢异常导致。LSM-2组可能为继发于线粒体功能异常的脂肪代谢障碍,为线粒体肌病的一型。     

Lipid myopathy: Case report and review

The past decade has seen an increasing number of reports of patients suffering from disorders of lipid with major abnormalities of the neuromuscular system. On the basis of these reports it has been suggested that carnitine deficiency can be subdivided into a myopathic form where the deficiency is confined to muscle and a systemic form where there is more wide-spread carnitine depletion. Recent evidence based on clinical and experimental material casts doubt on this rigid subdivision. It is suggested that patients with carnitine deficiency should not be rigorously subdivided until further clarification of the underlying biochemical abnormalities have been undertaken.     

误诊为多发性肌炎的脂质沉积性肌病——附3例报告

目的探讨脂质沉积性肌病(lipid storage myopathy,LSM)的临床特征、病理改变、代谢异常及治疗。方法回顾性分析我院确诊的3例LSM患者的临床表现、肌肉病理所见及血、尿代谢检查结果 ,结合文献报道总结LSM的临床特点和发病机制,并对多发性肌炎的诊断标准进行讨论。结果 3例患者均有对称性肌无力和/或肌痛,肌酶谱增高,最初均诊断为多发性肌炎,经激素治疗可好转,但病情反复。肌肉病理显示肌纤维大小不等,大量肌纤维内可见类圆形空泡,油红O染色见肌纤维内大量红染的脂滴沉积。经调整饮食、口服维生素B2、左卡尼汀等药物治疗后,症状改善明显。结论应用Bohan/Peter标准可能导致对多发性肌炎的过度诊断。对临床表现为肌无力、肌痛的患者,不要盲目应用激素治疗,应积极进行骨骼肌活检,明确诊断。     

脂质沉积性肌病临床及病理学特征的研究

目的 研究脂质沉积性肌病(lipid storage myopathy,LSM)的临床、病理形态学特点及治疗方法,分析其病因及鉴别诊断.方法 对18例LSM患者的临床表现、病理学资料、治疗方法进行回顾性研究.结果 18例患者中男性13例,女性5例,平均发病年龄为(22.4±7.9)岁;94.1%的患者出现肢体近端无力,33.3%合并消化道症状;88.9%患者肌酶升高,以磷酸激酶最为显著;肾上腺皮质激素联合核黄素、左旋肉碱治疗有效率达83.3%.病理学特点为HE染色肌纤维内空泡及裂隙样改变,透射电镜可见大量的无包膜脂肪滴成串堆积在Ⅰ型骨骼肌纤维中.结论 除肢带肌无力外,咀嚼肌受累可能具有特征性,确诊依靠肌肉活检病理形态特征性改变,肾上腺皮质激素、左旋肉碱、核黄素、饮食限制等综合治疗可获显效.     

Lipid storage myopathy with clinical markers of Marfan syndrome: A rare association

Disorders of lipid metabolism can cause variable clinical presentations, often involving skeletal muscle, alone or together with other tissues. A 19-year-old boy presented with a 2-year history of muscle pain, cramps, exercise intolerance and progressive weakness of proximal lower limbs. Examination revealed skeletal markers of Marfan syndrome in the form of increased arm span compared with height, Kyphoscoliois, moderate pectus excavatum, high arched palate and wrist sign. He also had mild neck flexor weakness and proximal lower limb weakness with areflexia. Pathologic findings revealed lipid-laden fine vacuoles in the muscle fibers. Possibility of carnitine deficiency myopathy was considered and the patient was started on carnitine and Co Q. The patient made remarkable clinical improvement over the next 2 months. This case is reported for rarity of the association of clinical markers of Marfan syndrome and lipid storage myopathy and sparse literature on lipid storage myopathy in the Indian context.     

A hereditary case of lipid storage myopathy with carnitine deficiency

Summary A case of lipid storage myopathy with systemic carnitine deficiency is reported. There was lipid storage also in the liver but not in leukocytes or the Schwann cells of peripheral nerves.Carnitine concentration was normal in the father but below normal in the mother's muscle where abnormal accumulations of lipid droplets and mitochondria were present between the myofibrils and beneath the sarcolemmal sheath. Histographic analysis demonstrated type I fiber predominance in the patient and in his parents. Hereditary transmission of the disease through a recessive autosomal mechanism might be admitted in this case.

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Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Fall von Fettspeichermyopathie mit Karnitinmangel beschrieben. Die Fettspeicherung ist auch in der Leber, jedoch nicht in den Leukozyten und in den Schwannschen Zellen der peripheren Nerven nachweisbar. In den letztgenannten sowie im Muskelgewebe kann im Elektronenmikroskop eine Glycogen-Speicherung nachgewiesen werden, möglicherweise als unmittelbare Folge des Karnitinmangels auf dem Glycogen-Stoffwechsel.In der Muskulatur der Mutter des Exploranden kann ebenfalls eine zu niedrige Karnitinkonzentration nachgewiesen werden, wobei ein Überschuß an Fettröpfchen und Mitochondrien zwischen den Myofibrillen und subsarko lemmal sichtbar ist. Histochemisch läßt sich ein Überwiegen der Typ-I-Fasern sowohl beim Patienten wie bei den Eltern nachweisen. Die Autoren vermuten, daß im vorliegenden Fall die Krankheit rezessiv autosomal vererbt worden ist.

     

Lipid storage myopathies

Summary Various cases of lipid storage myopathies have been described. The biochemical defect could be determined in only some of these cases. The syndromes identified to date are as follows: carnitine deficiency (type I lipid storage myopathy), carnitine-palmityltransferase (CPT) deficiency and pyruvate-decarboxylase deficiency. In the last two diseases the vacuolization in muscle is not marked.The case of a 10 year old carnitine deficient patient with a history of insidious muscle weakness in the proximal limb and neck muscles is presented. The patient was treated with oral carnitine and a medium chain triglyceride diet for 18 months and her clinical status has remained improved. In other lipid storage patients prednisone treatment resulted in improvement.In cases of suspected lipid storage myopathy the following studies are indicated: 1) examination of ketone bodies in serum and urine during fasting, long chain and medium chain triglyceride diets; 2) serum triglyceride and serum carnitine; 3) study on fresh muscle and fibroblasts with labeled substrates, biochemical determination of carnitine and CPT in muscle.This paper was presented at the meeting of the Swiss Neurological Society and the Swiss Society of Muscular Disease in November 1975, Zürich, Switzerland     

肌电图在鉴别诊断脂质沉积性肌病和炎性肌病中的价值

通过对不同原因两组肌病的临床及肌电图（ＥＭＧ）等研究，对其诊断和鉴别诊断提供帮助。方法１８例脂质沉积性肌病（简称第１组）和１８例炎性肌病（简称第２组）均行常规同心圆针电极ＥＭＧ检查；肌肉病理检查包括各种组织化学染色的光镜检查和常规超薄切片的电镜检查。结果第１组ＥＭＧ自发电位为１４％明显低于第２组的５５％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；其他各项ＥＭＧ参数两组之间差异无显著意义；有肌痛者，自发电位检出率在第１组占２２％，第２组占７０％，明显高于第１组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论通过两组肌病的对比，如临床上有明显的肌肉无力和疼痛、血肌酶谱升高、在疼痛部位未找到或偶见自发电位者，应考虑脂质沉积性肌病的可能。