CO2激光辅助Fisch人工镫骨技术治疗耳硬化症疗效观察

目的探讨CO2激光辅助Fisch人工镫骨技术治疗耳硬化症的疗效。方法2001年10月至2003年12月间,30名临床确诊为耳硬化症的患者在上海交通大学附属第六人民医院接受CO2激光辅助Fisch人工镫骨技术治疗,术前言语频率平均气导听阈为63.33dB HL,气骨导差为24.5~50.25dB,平均为36dB。全部病例随访12个月以上,平均随访18个月。结果24例患者于术后6个月复查听力,言语频率平均气导听阈为26.82dB HL,气骨导差≤15dB者23例,占95.83%;气骨导差≤10dB者21例,占87.5%;平均气骨导差为8.50dB。30例患者术后12个月时复查听力,言语频率平均气导听阈为27.52dB HL,气骨导差≤15dB者28例,占93.33%;气骨导差≤10dB者25例,占83.33%;平均气骨导差为8.60dB。术后半年与一年复查听力结果相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论CO2激光辅助Fisch人工镫骨技术治疗耳硬化症疗效显著,术后反应轻,远期疗效稳定,是治疗耳硬化症的可靠技术。     

智能CO2激光在耳硬化症手术中的应用

目的：探讨应用智能CO2激光辅助 Fisch 人工镫骨术治疗耳硬化症的疗效。方法回顾性分析28例接受智能CO2激光辅助Fisch人工镫骨手术治疗的耳硬化症患者的临床资料,术中均使用智能CO2激光切断镫骨肌腱、后足弓,并行镫骨足板开窗;所有患者术前及术后6个月行纯音听阈测试,记录0．5、1、2、4 kHz 频率气、骨导阈值。结果所有患者术后均未发生永久性眩晕和感音性聋;所有患者手术前后骨导阈值无明显变化,差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）;术前及术后6个月言语频率气骨导差中位数分别为30．38（23．13,39．38）及9．75（8．25,10）dB,两者差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论智能CO2激光切断镫骨肌腱、后足弓,行镫骨足板开窗安全便捷,适合在耳硬化症人工镫骨手术中使用。     

耳内镜下激光辅助人工镫骨植入术的临床疗效观察

目的对耳内镜下激光辅助人工镫骨植入手术的临床疗效进行观察和探讨。方法收集采用耳内镜下激光辅助人工镫骨植入手术32例患者的临床资料,对其听力改善效果进行观察,对该手术方式的临床疗效进行评价。结果 32例人工镫骨植入手术均顺利完成,言语频率(500Hz、1000Hz、2000Hz、4000Hz)平均气导阈值由术前的57.19±11.06 dB HL下降至术后的36.88±11.51 dB HL,同时骨导阈值无明显升高,平均气骨导差由术前的32.47±8.72 dB HL缩小至术后的11.81±9.15 dB HL。2例发生鼓索神经牵拉,但未发生面瘫及严重感音神经性耳聋等并发症。结论联合耳内镜和Diode激光辅助镫骨底板开窗,进行人工镫骨植入手术,具有损伤小、术野清晰、安全性好和操作精度高等特点,术后患者听力改善明显,具有较好的临床疗效。     

CO2激光辅助人工镫骨技术治疗耳硬化24例报告

目的：应用CO2激光辅助Ugo Fisch人工镫骨技术治疗耳硬化并观察其疗效。方法：技术关键：①首先解离砧镫关节；②根据面神经水平段与镫骨上结构之间的间隙大小选用0．3或0．4mm的人工镫骨；③在镫骨底板开窗，安装人工镫骨后处理镫骨上结构及镫骨肌腱；④以CO2激光行镫骨底板开窗、处理镫骨肌腱及镫骨上结构。结果：术后言语频率气骨导差≤15dB者23例，占95．8％；言语频率气骨导差≤10dB者21例，占87、5％，平均8．5dB；术后反应轻微，无恶心、呕吐及明显眩晕，22例患者术后即刻可下床走动。结论：CO2激光辅助Ugo Fisch人工镫骨技术是治疗耳硬化的可靠技术，疗效显著、安全系数高、术后反应轻微是其突出的优点。     

晚期耳硬化症的治疗效果

目的探讨镫骨手术对晚期耳硬化症的治疗效果。方法随机抽取300例1970年至1999年间的耳硬化症手术病例，对符合晚期耳硬化症标准[500—2000Hz骨导听阈（听力级，下同）均值≥40dB，气导听阈均值≥70dB的混合性聋]的68例（77耳）进行回顾性分析。结果68例（77耳）术后，500—2000Hz纯音平均听阈：气导（听力级，下同）由术前的77．32dB减至53．70dB，提高23．62dB；71耳（92．21％）气导提高≥10dB，其中46耳（59．74％）气骨导差闭合。500～4000Hz纯音平均听阈：气导由79.01dB减至58．23dB，提高20。78dB；68耳（88．31％）气导提高≥10dB，其中32耳（41．56％）气骨导差≤10dB（闭合）。随访5～25年，听力稳定的有67耳，听力下降4耳（均为镫骨提高术患者，再次手术后听力均有提高），听力较术后进一步提高的有28耳。结论镫骨手术是治疗耳硬化症的有效手段，也是治疗晚期耳硬化症或极晚期耳硬化症的有效方法之一。镫骨手术对改善晚期耳硬化症或极晚期耳硬化症患者的听力有较大帮助。     

经典Wullstein Ⅲ型鼓室成形术在慢性化脓性中耳炎手术中的应用分析

目的：探讨经典Wullstein Ⅲ型鼓室成形术在慢性化脓性中耳炎手术中的适应证及其术后听力效果。方法回顾性分析行开放式Ⅲ型鼓室成形术的患者34例（34耳）,患者均有听骨链破坏而镫骨结构完整,鼓膜内陷与镫骨头或砧骨豆状突直接连接,根据术中是否植入钛合金部分人工听骨（partial ossicular replacement prosthesis,PORP）分为两组, Wullstein Ⅲ型鼓室成形术（Ⅲ型组）11例和植入钛合金部分人工听骨（PORP组）23例。分别比较两组术后0.5、1、2和4 kHz的平均气导听阈、平均气骨导差的变化情况。结果Ⅲ型组患者术前平均气导听阈为46.59±16.60 dB HL,术后为34.89±10.34 dB HL,气导听阈提高11.70±19.30 dB HL;PORP组术前平均气导听阈为44.23±12.31 dB HL,术后为37.08±14.36 dB HL,提高7.14±14.39 dB HL;Ⅲ型组术前平均气骨导差（air-bone gap,ABG）为23.98±13.08 dB HL,术后为16.25±6.98 dB HL,缩小7.73±14.93 dB HL;PORP型组术前平均ABG为26.58±10.27 dB HL,术后为19.40±13.28 dB HL,缩小7.17±13.63 dB HL。两组患者在气导听阈提高值及ABG缩小的差异均无显著统计学意义（P＆gt;0.05）。结论开放式鼓室成形术中,如果鼓膜内陷与镫骨头或砧骨豆状突形成连接,可以予以保留,短期随访术后听力水平与植入PORP重建听骨链的效果相当,长期效果还需随访观察。     

听骨链畸形患者的听力学特征及耳内镜手术效果

目的　探讨听骨链畸形患者的听力学特征和耳内镜手术效果分析。方法　对35例（38耳）听骨链畸形患者行手术前后纯音听力测试,并对听骨链畸形根据Cremers Classification分型,对各个分型进行听力学特征分析。35例（38耳）均在耳内镜下进行手术,其中13耳行人工镫骨置换术,17耳行鼓室成形Ⅱ型术,8耳行鼓室成形Ⅲ型术。通过比较手术前后气骨导差变化来分析术后效果。结果　析35例（38耳）听骨链畸形患者的纯音测听。结果,2000 Hz骨导听阈处有明显听阈下降。35例（38耳）听骨链畸形患者,11耳为镫骨底板固定（Ⅱa）,占29.0%,平均气骨导差为（44.6±7.5）dB HL。2耳为镫骨底板固定伴砧镫关节假连接或固定（Ⅱb）,占5.3%,平均气骨导差为（42.9±8.9）dB HL。17耳为镫骨畸形但底板可活动（Ⅲa）,占44.7%,平均气骨导差为（37.8±9.7）dB HL;4耳为镫骨底板可活动但伴砧镫关节假连接或固定（Ⅲb）,约占10.5%,平均气骨导差为（34.1±10.6）dB HL;4耳为镫骨底板可活动但锤砧关节假连接或固定（Ⅲc）,约占10.5%,平均气骨导差为（39.0±7.8）dB HL。耳内镜术后3个月,行人工镫骨置换术者平均气骨导差为（21.0±11.4）dB HL,较术前缩小（24.0±11.1）dB HL;行Ⅱ型鼓室成形术者平均气骨导差为（17.1±10.5）dB HL,较术前缩小（20.0±8.3）dB HL;行Ⅲ型鼓室成形术者平均气骨导差为（22.0±14.1）dB HL,较 术前缩小（20.0±13.0）dB HL。结论　先天性听骨链畸形患者的纯音测听结果中,2000 Hz骨导听阈有明显的听阈下降,在听力图上呈现与耳硬化症相似的V型切迹形状。先天性听骨链畸形分型中,先天性镫骨底板活动伴听小骨畸形为常见。采用耳内镜下不同手术方法进行治疗可明显提高听力,缩小气骨导差。     

新型铒-YAG激光在中耳手术的应用及效果观察

目的总结铒-YAG激光在中耳手术中的应用效果.方法为9例、10耳施术,男3例、3耳,女6例、7耳,20～64岁,平均45岁.耳硬化症镫骨手术6耳(3耳再手术,2耳伴锤骨前韧带骨化),其他手术4耳(3耳鼓室成型10～15年后传导聋再发,术中见镫骨周围钙化、骨化,1耳耳鸣,听力轻度下降,检查见鼓膜松弛部黏连,术中见鼓环上切迹与锤骨颈部骨性黏合).手术设备为Twin ER-YAG(铒钇铝石榴石二合一)激光系统,与OMPI手术显微镜相配套.激光使用参数一般用50mJ,连续脉冲.结果随访3个月以上,术后听力平均缩小31dB,9例气骨差小于20dB HL,7例气导小于40dB HL.其中6耳镫骨手术,术后气骨差均缩小37dB HL,气导全部在20dB HL以内,其中3耳在15dB HL以内,1耳闭合.10耳术后全部无眩晕.10耳术前均有程度不同的耳鸣,术后8耳消失,1耳减轻,1耳仍有(严重鼓室硬化症,镫骨周围钙化、骨化包裹).结论铒-YAG激光用于治疗耳硬化症和鼓室硬化症安全高效,无内耳损伤发生.     

不同气骨导差混合性听力损失耳硬化症患者手术疗效分析

目的分析术前不同气骨导差(air-bone gap, ABG)混合性听力损失耳硬化症患者的手术疗效, 为耳硬化症手术的预后评估提供参考。方法收集2013年11月至2020年5月在中南大学湘雅医院接受镫骨小窗技术人工镫骨植入手术、术前表现为混合性听力损失的耳硬化症患者的临床资料, 共108例(116耳), 其中女性71例(76耳), 男性37例(40耳), 平均年龄38.5岁。根据术前纯音测听ABG将其分为三组:S组, 15 dB≤ABG<31 dB, 共39耳;M组, 31 dB≤ABG<46 dB, 共58耳;L组, ABG≥46 dB, 共19耳。采用SPSS 24.0统计软件比较分析三组患者术后6～12个月时的听力结果。结果术后有3耳(S组2耳, L组1耳)出现严重的感音神经性听力损失, 未纳入统计分析。各组耳硬化症患者术后纯音听阈较术前均有明显改善, 平均气导阈值改善(21.6±13.4)dB, 术前、术后比较, 差异具有统计学意义(t=17.13, P<0.01);平均骨导阈值改善(3.7±7.6)dB, 术前、术后比较, 差异具有统计学意义(t=5.20,...     

鼓室硬化镫骨固定的手术疗效分析

目的分析不同手术方法治疗鼓室硬化镫骨固定的疗效。方法回顾性分析1992～2004年于我科手术且资料完整的鼓室硬化镫骨固定病例56例（62耳）,按Wielinga分型Ⅲ型40耳;Ⅳ型22耳,其中镫骨撼动术15耳（Ⅲ型12耳、Ⅳ型3耳）、全人工听骨赝复物（tatolossicular replacement prosthesis,TORP）重建听骨链25耳（Ⅲ型16耳、Ⅳ型9耳）、自制Teflon小柱活塞型人工镫骨（Piston）重建听骨链22耳（Ⅲ型14耳、Ⅳ型8耳）。术后随访1～5年,分析患者言语频率（0.5、1、2kHz）平均纯音气导阈值及气骨导差,应用SPSS13.0软件包进行统计分析。结果鼓室硬化Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型患者术前言语频率平均纯音气导阈值及气骨导差差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;镫骨撼动组、TORP组、Piston组术前3组病例平均纯音气导阈值及气骨导差差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;术后1、3、5年3组病例平均纯音气导阈值及气骨导差差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;术后5年Piston组在纯音气导阈值及气骨导差方面疗效优于TORP组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论鼓室硬化镫骨固定无论锤、砧骨固定与否,最好去除锤骨头及砧骨,予人工听骨重建听骨链,镫骨足板造孔术是安全的,而且疗效稳定。     

不同术式治疗耳硬化症的疗效比较

目的：比较治疗耳硬化症不同术式的疗效。方法：回顾性分析1993～2005年行手术治疗且资料完整的耳硬化症患者70例（76耳）的临床资料，按术式分为3组：镫骨全切除术30例（33耳），足板小孔开窗术24例（27耳）和镫骨撼动或提高术16例（16耳），统计3组患者术后各频率段气骨导差闭合、骨导损失及眩晕发生率等指标，比较3种术式问的差异，同时比较镫骨撼动术5例（5耳）与镫骨提高术11例（11耳）2组手术亚型间的疗效差异。结果：3种术式术后言语频率气骨导差闭合无明显差异，但在高频气骨导差改善及减少术后高频感音神经性听力损失和眩晕方面，足板小孔开窗术和镫骨撼动或提高术明显优于镫骨全切除术，并有统计学意义。镫骨撼动术与镫骨提高术无论在听力改善或术后并发症发生率方面差异均无统计学意义。结论：3种术式在提高耳硬化症患者的听力方面均具有较好的疗效，其中以足板小孔开窗术疗效最佳，其次是镫骨撼动或提高术，并且在减少术后并发症方面均优于镫骨全切除术。足板小孔开窗术是治疗耳硬化症较理想的术式。     

Hearing results after stapedotomy with a nitinol piston prosthesis

OBJECTIVE: To compare the hearing results in patients with otosclerosis who underwent a stapedotomy with either a platinum wire prosthesis or a commercially available, heat-activated nitinol stapes piston prosthesis. DESIGN: Retrospective medical chart review. SETTING: Academic tertiary care medical center. PATIENTS: Seventy-nine consecutive patients diagnosed as having otosclerosis who underwent primary stapedotomy (33 men and 46 women) were included in this study (41 ears per group). INTERVENTION: Stapedotomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The operative records of the senior surgeon (B.J.G.) were retrospectively reviewed, and hearing results were obtained. The hearing results of the patients who received a platinum wire prosthesis were compared with those who received a nitinol prosthesis. RESULTS: Results for the platinum wire prosthesis group revealed a postoperative mean (SD) air-bone gap (ABG) of 7 (6) dB, a mean (SD) ABG closure of 21 (12) dB, and a postoperative mean (SD) speech reception threshold of 25 (16) dB. Results for the nitinol prosthesis group revealed a postoperative ABG of 8 (6) dB, an ABG closure of 25 (10) dB, and a postoperative speech reception threshold of 25 (12) dB. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that the nitinol prosthesis is equivalent to the platinum wire prosthesis in closing the ABG in patients with otosclerosis. Comparable efficacy combined with the ease and safety of heat-activated crimping supports the continued use of this prosthesis for stapes surgery.     

铒-钇铝石榴石激光辅助镫骨手术近期及远期疗效分析

目的 探讨铒-钇铝石榴石(Er-yttrium aluminum gamet,Er-YAG)激光辅助镫骨手术的近期和远期疗效.方法 回顾性分析2001-2007年间接受Er-YAG激光辅助足板小开窗镫骨手术的86例(99耳)病例,术前平均气骨导差(听力级)为(37.4±9.0)dB(x±s).分别以术后6周和大于1年的随访结果作为近期和远期疗效,远期随访时间14～73个月,平均(26.3±15.8)个月.同时观察术后有无耳鸣、眩晕及持续天数.结果 99耳术后近期气骨导差为(15.7±8.7)dB,与术前相比差异具有统计学意义(t=22.79,P<0.01).其中气骨导差小于10 dB或气导改善30 dB以上的为显效,共45耳(45.5%);气导改善15 dB以上为有效,共88耳(88.9%).82耳(82.8%)完成术后1年以上远期随访,平均气骨导差为(11.7±6.8)dB,与术前相比差异具有统计学意义(t=23.37,P<0.01);与这82耳的近期结果[(15.3±9.2)dB]比较,差异具有统计学意义(t=4.82,P<0.01).其中显效共50耳(61.0%),74耳(90.2%)气骨导差小于20 dB.2 kHz骨导听阈术前平均为(34.5±15.0)dB,术后近期为(33.4±15.9)dB,远期为(32.7±15.2)dB,术前与术后近、远期自身比较,差异均具有统计学意义(t=1.96,P=0.026 14;t=3.24,P=0.000 87),提示卡哈切迹术后得以改善.4 kHz高频骨导听阈术后远期随}方结果和术前相比,差异无统计学意义(t=0.76,P>0.05).55耳术前有持续性耳鸣,术后42耳(76.4%)耳鸣消失,13耳耳鸣同术前;术后新发耳鸣3耳(3.0%),均于2～3 d后消失.12耳(12.1%)术后轻微眩晕,后均缓解,平均持续时间2.3 d,期间生活均能自理.结论 Er-YAG激光辅助镫骨手术对内耳具有较高的安全性,大大降低了镫骨手术的风险,疗效肯定.     

CO2激光在听骨链畸形手术中的应用

目的　分享CO2激光在先天性听骨链畸形手术中应用的临床经验。方法　回顾性分析本院2010年5月～2016年3月治疗的9例听骨链畸形患者。术中均应用CO2激光辅助镫骨底板打孔进行听骨链重建,通过比较患者术前与术后听力恢复情况及并发症的出现评价手术效果。结果  术中发现患者听骨链畸形以砧骨、镫骨联合发病为主,砧骨长脚及镫骨发育异常8例,单纯镫骨畸形1例。9例患者术后气导平均值（26.53±12.28）dB,气骨导差平均（9.44±9.62）dB,术后与术前比较听力提高明显,差异具有统计学意义（t =7.338,P＜0.01;t =7.176,P＜0.01）。结论　CO2激光有效改善患者术后听力,并未增加患者出现手术并发症的风险。     

��One-shot�� CO2 versus Er:YAG laser stapedotomy: is the outcome the same?

To assess and compare the functional results obtained by means of multiple-shot Erbium: yttrium?Caluminum?Cgarnet (Er:YAG) laser to those obtained using ??one-shot?? CO₂ laser stapedotomy in patients affected by otosclerosis. A retrospective case review was performed. Of the total number of 123 patients (114 ears) who underwent primary small-fenestra stapedotomy from January 2006 to September 2008, seven patients who received multiple-shot laser CO₂ stapedotomy were excluded from the study. The remaining 116 patients (104 ears) were sorted, and ??one-shot?? CO₂ laser stapedotomy (group A) was performed in 35/104 and Er:YAG laser stapedotomy (group B) in 69/104. After surgery, air conduction-pure tone average (AC-PTA) and air-bone gap (ABG) improved significantly in both groups, whereas sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and bone conduction (BC)-PTA did not change in both the groups. In group A, the postoperative ABG was significantly better (12.63 vs. 14.86?dB). Moreover, after ??one-shot?? stapedotomy, the AC-PTA significantly improved in all tested frequencies. On the contrary, in group B the AC-PTA improved significantly only in two frequencies (0.5 and 1?kHz). Consistent with previous reports, our findings confirm that laser stapedotomy is a safe and effective surgery, regardless of the technique. Based on our functional results, the ??one-shot?? CO₂ laser technique seems to be associated with a significantly better postoperative ABG if compared to Er:YAG laser stapedotomy.     

Laser stapedotomy.

Thirty-four ears with conductive hearing loss due to otosclerosis were operated upon using the laser stapedotomy technique. Audiological results were compared with the results of 316 non-laser stapedotomies. The post-operative air-bone gap, calculated as the difference between the post-operative air and bone conduction levels, was smaller with the laser stapedotomy group. Also, the bone conduction showed significant improvement with the use of laser. Significant sensorineural hearing loss was not found in any of the laser-treated patients. According to our results, we concluded that laser is of benefit in stapes surgery for improving the hearing results and minimizing the inner ear trauma.     

Small fenestra stapedotomy using a fiberoptic hand-held argon laser in obliterative otosclerosis

Obliterative otosclerosis has been a challenge since the advent of stapes surgery. "Drill-out" procedures have had a generally poorer prognosis than conventional stapes surgery because of excessive bleeding, acoustic trauma from the burr, and reclosure of the oval window by otosclerosis. In this report, we describe our early experience using a hand-held fiberoptic argon laser for small fenestra stapedotomy in 10 cases of obliterative otosclerosis. Closure of the air-bone gap to within 10 dB was seen in 100% of the patients. There was no significant sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo, or facial weakness. Argon-laser stapedotomy using a hand-held fiberoptic system is a safe and effective alternative to drill-out stapedotomy in cases of obliterative otosclerosis.     

Stapedectomy in the Pediatric Patient

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the results of stapedectomy in pediatric patients with otosclerosis and tympanosclerosis. A retrospective review of 14 patients (15 ears) who underwent stapedectomy from 1993 to 1995 was conducted. In 5 ears stapedectomy for tympanosclerosis was performed; 9 patients had otosclerosis and 1 had Treacher Collins syndrome. Patients were evaluated for preoperative and postoperative air-bone gaps, preoperative and postoperative speech reception thresholds, postoperative air conduction hearing improvement, and preoperative and postoperative speech discrimination. Children with otosclerosis who underwent stapedectomies had an average postoperative airbone gap of 16 dB with an average air conduction hearing improvement of 17.6 dB. Children with tympanosclerosis who underwent stapedectomies had an average air-bone gap of 14 dB with an average air conduction hearing improvement of 28 dB. Stapedectomy is a safe and effective treatment for otosclerosis and tympanosclerosis in pediatric patients.