年龄对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者左室射血分数的影响

目的:分析年龄对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者(STEMI)左室射血分数(LVEF)的影响.方法:收集急性STEMI患者245例,根据年龄分为5组:≤50岁组(49例)、51～60岁组(70例)、61～70岁组(62例)、71～ 79岁组(50例)、≥80岁组(14例);对临床基线资料(包括年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、吸烟史、超急性期及急性期ST段抬高导联数、入院时及入院12～72 h肌钙蛋白、Killip分级、LVEF、是否接受冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)和住院期间死亡等)进行比较分析.结果:多元线性回归分析显示,LVEF与年龄(P＜0 05)和肌钙蛋白(P＜0.05)呈负相关,随着年龄增长,LVEF降低;随着肌钙蛋白的增加,LVEF降低.在≤50岁组LVEF显著高于其余各年龄组(均P＜ 0.05),而≥80岁组LVEF则显著低于其余各组(均P＜0.05).≥80岁组KilliP分级≥Ⅱ级者显著高于其余各组(均P＜0.05).≥80岁组患者的住院期间病死率显著高于≤50岁组、51～60岁组、61～ 70岁组(均P＜0.05).结论:年龄可作为影响急性STEMI患者心功能的独立危险因素.     

The advantage of global strain compared to left ventricular ejection fraction to predict outcome after acute myocardial infarction

The aim of the study was to compare the ability of global strain and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) to predict outcome after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Left ventricular (LV) function was measured using strain by Doppler and LVEF in 77 patients. Measurements were performed at admission and after 10 ± 5 days. Outcome was measured as the combined end point of cardiac death, reinfarction and hospitalization for heart failure, unstable angina or life threatening arrhythmia. The patients were followed for 3.29 ± 1.59 years (range 0-5.22 years) and 17 cardiac events were registered. The cutoff value of LVEF was 44% for optimal prediction of outcome. We used LVEF ≤ 44% vs. > 44% and the corresponding global strain value ≥ -15.6% vs. < -15.6% to predict cumulative event-free survival. Both methods significantly predicted cardiac combined events at admittance and after 10 days with no difference. After 10 days, however, global strain remained the only significant predictor of outcome in a multivariate logistic regression model (P < 0.0001, odds ratio 1.79). Interobserver reproducibility measured as intraclass correlation was better for global strain than for LVEF (0.92 vs. 0.71). In conclusion, the measurement of global strain in patients with AMI may predict cardiac combined events to the same extent as LVEF in the acute phase and superior to LVEF after 10 days. In addition, global strain demonstrates better interobserver reproducibility and may become an improved bedside tool to evaluate LV function as a prognostic marker after AMI.     

Serial left ventricular ejection fraction in acute myocardial infarction by cross-sectional echocardiography: correlation of changing ejection fraction with clinical course

Left ventricular volume and ejection fraction were measuredin 22 survivors of acute myocardial infarction by means of two-dimensionalechocardiography and using a Simpson's rule algorithm. Ten ofthe 22 patients experienced complications. For the group as a whole, there were no significant trends inleft ventricular volume and ejection fraction between the firstand third days and the third month after infarction. In thesubgroups with uncomplicated and complicated infarction, therewere trends towards increasing and decreasing ejection fractions,respectively, which Jailed to attain statistical significance,however. The difference in ejection fraction between both subgroupshad become significant at 3 months; 55.2+11.1% in uncomplicatedv. 41.3±6.9% in complicated cases (P>0.0l). Individualchanges in ejection fraction falling outside the limits of reproducibilityof the method as assessed previously were observed between day1 and day 3 in only 2 patients with uncomplicated and in 2 patientswith complicated infarction. Between day 1 and 3 months suchchanges occurred in 8 patients with uncomplicated infarction(upward in 5 and downward in 3), and in 8 patients with complicatedinfarcts (upward in 3 and downward in 5) We conclude that changes in ejection fraction as measured bytwo-dimensional echocardiography lend to correlate with complications.     

Prognostic significance of right ventricular ejection fraction for persistent complex ventricular arrhythmias and/or sudden cardiac death after first myocardial infarction: Relation to infarct location, size and left ventricular function

To assess the prognostic significance of right ventricular dysfunctionafter a first myocardial infarction for complex ventriculararrhythmias and or sudden cardiac death in relation to infarctlocation, size and left ventricular function, a series of 127consecutive patients was prospectively studied and followedup for one year. Prior to hospital discharge, a 24-hour electrocardiographicrecording and radionuclide angiocardiography were performed.Right ventricular ejection fraction was related to inferiorinfarct location and size (r = 0.45, P<0.01): similarly leftventricular ejection fraction was related to anterior infarctlocation and size (r = 0.76, P7lt;0.001). The incidence of severeventricular arrhythmias was significantly higher in patientswith isolated right or left ventricular dysfunction comparedto patients with normal function; it was highest in patientswith severe depression of both ventricles. Patients with complexventricular arrhythmia and/or sudden cardiac death had significantlyreduced left and right ventricular ejection fractions. Detailedanalysis in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction> 0.40 vs. 0.40 showed that presence of complex ventricularectopic activity and/or sudden cardiac death after myocardialinfarction was related not only to left, but also independentlyto right ventricular dysfunction. These results imply a significantprognostic contribution of right ventricular dysfunction tothe occurrence of severe ventricular arrhythmias and/or suddencardiac death after myocardial infarction independent of andadditive to left ventricular dysfunction.     

Aspirin does not influence the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on left ventricular ejection fraction 3 months after acute myocardial infarction

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible interaction between chronic aspirin therapy and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients surviving an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Forty-two patients with reduced LVEF were recruited from the warfarin aspirin reinfarction study (WARIS-II), a randomized, open study comparing enteric coated aspirin (160 mg/d), warfarin (INR 2.8--4.2) and the combination of aspirin (75 mg/d) and warfarin (INR 2.0--2.5) on mortality, reinfarction and stroke after AMI. LVEF and relevant biochemical measurements were performed before discharge and after 3 months. The overall LVEF increased during the study period from median 35 to 39% (P<0.001). There was no difference between patients on aspirin and warfarin regarding the main end point, LVEF. Furthermore, neither endothelin-1 nor ANP showed significant differences between the treatment groups. A possible interaction between ACE-I and aspirin might theoretically lead to reduced levels of renin activity in patients on aspirin, but we did not find any such inter-group difference. In conclusion, we did not find evidence of interaction between ACE-I and low-dose aspirin.     

左心室射血分数对冠状动脉内膜剥脱术后心肌梗死发生的预测价值

目的:探讨左心室射血分数对弥漫性冠状动脉病变（DCAD）患者行冠状动脉内膜剥脱术（CE）后发生早期心肌梗死的预测价值及左心室射血分数的影响因素。方法:本研究为前瞻性、观察性研究。选取2018年5月—2020年12月于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院行CE+冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）的DCAD患者。术前收集患者的年龄、性...     

高同型半胱氨酸血症与高血压患者左室射血分数的相关性研究

目的探讨高同型半胱氨酸血症（Hhcy）与原发性高血压患者左室射血分数（LVEF）的相关性,评估左室收缩功能受损程度对预测高血压心衰的临床意义。方法选取高血压患者200例,其中非左室肥厚组（NLVH）100例,男性63例,女性37例,年龄（61．2x8．9）岁;左室肥厚组（LVH）100例,男性66例,女性34例,年龄（60．8±9．2）岁;对照组100例,男性65例,女性35例,年龄（60．9±9．5）岁。对所有受试者测定血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平及行超声心动图检查测量LVEF。结果对照组、NLVH组和LVH组血清Hey水平分别为（9．32±1．91）μmol／L、（20．92±3．28）p,mol／L和（29．60＋3．73）wmol／L,每两组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。对照组、NLVH组和LVH组LVEF分别为（59．00±4．63）％、（40．70±1．87）％和（39．50±1．46）％,依次显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论Hhcy与LVH呈正相关、与LVEF呈负相关,对预测高血压心衰,减少高血压心力衰竭的发生、发展有一定的临床价值。     

扩张型心肌病左室容积变化对左室射血分数的影响

目的 :探讨扩张型心肌病 (DCM)左室腔容积 (L VCV)等参数变化对左室射血分数 (L VEF)的影响。方法 :DCM组 4 2例 ,按 L VEF降低程度又分为 :轻度异常组 12例 ,LVEF4 4 .5± 2 .39;中度异常组 2 4例 ,L VEF32 .8± 3.80 ;重度异常组 6例 ,LVEF17± 3.2 8。用超声心动图及 Simpson法测定并算出 LVCV、L VEF等参数。结果 :4 2例 DCM患者与健康人比较 ,LVCV明显增加 (P<0 .0 1) ;而在 DCM组内不同 L VEF组间 ,LVCV在中、重度异常组比轻度异常组明显增高 (P<0 .0 1) ;重度异常组与中度异常组比较也有明显增高 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :测定结果表明 LVCV越大对 LVEF负面影响越大。在康复心脏病学中 LVCV可作为心功能指标之一     

Right and left ventricular ejection fractions: Relation to one-year prognosis in acute myocardial infarction

Right and left ventricular ejection fractions (RVEF and LVEF)were measured by radionuclide angiography in 423 patients withacute myocardial infarction (AMI). All investigations were performedat hospital discharge. Of 304 patients with first AM1, 26% hadnormal ejection fractions, 10% hada decrease in RVEF only, 46%a decrease in LVEF only, and 18% decrease in both RVEF and LVEF.Death from cardiac causes occurred in 52 patients in a one-yearfollow-up period. A reduced RVEF at hospital discharge had little,if any, relation to one-year mortality. In contrast, there wasan inverse curvilinear relationship between LVEF and one-yearcardiac mortality.     

微伏极T波电交替对心肌梗死急性期患者发生恶性心律失常的预测价值

目的评估微伏极T波电交替（MTWA）能否预测急性心肌梗死早期患者恶性心律失常的发生。方法起病7d内的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者175例入选,根据起病12h内有无行直接经皮冠脉介入治疗（PCI）分为两亚组：Ia组（n=68行直接PCI）,Ib组（n=107未行直接PCI）。另选无心肌梗死来我院健康体检者82例作为对照组。所有入选者均做动态心电图用时域分析法检测MTWA最大值,用超声心动图检测左心室射血分数（LVEF）,用心室晚电位分析仪检测心室晚电位,观察住院期间有无恶性心律失常发生,并比较上述这些指标组间有无差异,用Logistic回归分析筛选恶性心律失常的预测因子。结果心肌梗死组合并糖尿病者高于对照组,Ib组合并糖尿病者高于Ia组。急性心肌梗死组恶性心律失常发生率、心室晚电位阳性率和MTWA最高值均高于对照组,而LVEF值低于对照组。急性心肌梗死两亚组间比较,Ib组恶性心律失常发生率、心室晚电位阳性率和MTWA最大值均高于Ia组,而LVEF值低于Ia组。Logistic回归分析结果显示MTWA最大值、LVEF、心室晚电位阳性率和有无糖尿病是患者是否发生恶性心律失常的独立预测因子,相关系数R分别为0．34、0．29、0．21、0．13,相对危险度（OR）分别为2．82、1．55、1．36、0．87,MTWA的相关性最强（R=0．34）,相对危险度最高（OR=2．82）。当LVEF和心室晚电位进入回归方程时,决定系数R^20．448,增加MTWA最大值进入回归方程后,决定系数R^2显著增加至0．628。结论MTWA最大值、LVEF和心室晚电位是早期急性心肌梗死患者恶性心律失常发生的预测因子,MTWA的预测价值优于LVEF和心室晚电位。如果三者联合运用能更好地预测早期急性心肌梗死患者恶性心律失常发生。     

Right and left ventricular ejection fractions: Relation to one-year prognosis in acute myocardial infarction

Right and left ventricular ejection fractions (RVEF and LVEF)were measured by radionuclide angiography in 423 patients withacute myocardial infarction (AMI). All investigations were performedat hospital discharge. Of 304 patients with first AM1, 26% hadnormal ejection fractions, 10% hada decrease in RVEF only, 46%a decrease in LVEF only, and 18% decrease in both RVEF and LVEF.Death from cardiac causes occurred in 52 patients in a one-yearfollow-up period. A reduced RVEF at hospital discharge had little,if any, relation to one-year mortality. In contrast, there wasan inverse curvilinear relationship between LVEF and one-yearcardiac mortality.     

老年急性心肌梗塞溶栓治疗对左心室功能的改善作用

目的 :评价链激酶溶栓治疗老年急性心肌梗塞 (AMI)对左心室功能的影响。方法 :应用二维超声心动图对 2 9例 AMI接受链激酶溶栓治疗和 2 1例未溶栓的 AMI患者 ,分别在急性期及 6个月后随访时测量并计算左心室容积 (EDV和 ESV) ,射血分数 (EF)等参数。结果 :急性各组心功能无差异。随访期再通组 EF值明显增加 ,且明显高于未通组和未溶栓组。结论 :链激酶溶栓能明显减轻老 AMI患者的左心室扩张 ,改善左心室功能和长期预后     

急性心肌梗塞患者左心室整体形态的预后价值

154例发病72小时内的不伴心源性休克首次心梗患者,在入院3天内用超声心动图测定左心室球形指数(SI)、左室容量和射血分数.平均随访20.7±8.7个月,并观察随访期间心性死亡和心衰.发现部分SI与左室容量和射血分数相关,对观察期内心性死亡有预测价值.长度方面的SI对心胜死亡有独立于左室容量之外的预测价值.     

糖尿病合并急性心肌梗塞病人心功能的临床评价

对６７例急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）合并Ⅱ糖尿病人（ＤＭ－ＡＭＩ组），和按其一般情况及梗塞部位配对的无ＤＭ和ＡＭＩ病人６７例（ＮＤＭ－ＡＭＩ组）进行比较研究，结果显示：两组的肌酸磷酸激酶（ＣＰＫ）峰值、心电国科ＱＲＳ记分均无显著性差异，但ＤＭ－ＡＭＩ组住院期间的死亡率及严重心脏事件的发生率均高于ＮＤＭ－ＡＭＩ组，梗塞后４周和５个月时的左室舒张末容量（ＬＶＥＤＶ）及收缩末容量（ＬＶＥＳＶ）显著高于ＮＤＭ－     

Cardiovascular risk factors profile in patients with acute coronary syndrome with particular reference to left ventricular ejection fraction

BackgroundAcute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains a leading cause of death in the United States. Numerous studies have shown that the degree of LV systolic dysfunction is a major if not the most important determinant of long-term outcome in ACS.ObjectivesTo identify the most important risk factors and other clinical predictors which might have impact on left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with ACS.ResultsThe total patients (299) admitted to our center from July, 2015 till December, 2015; with established diagnosis of ACS were classified in to two groups: Group I: 193 patients with impaired LVEF < 40% (64.5%), Group II: 106 patients with LVEF equal or > 40% (35.5%). The patients of group I were significant elderly compared to those of group II (60.9 ± 11.2 vs 56.9 ± 10.6; p = 0.002), had significant history of DM and CKD (66.3% and 31.1% VS 49.1% and 19.8%; p = 0.004 and 0.036 respectively), presented mainly with STEMI- ACS (51.3% VS 28.3% respectively; p < 0.001) with +v cardiac biomarker (troponin) (90.2% VS 66.0%; p < 0.001). Moreover, patients of group I had more significant ischemic MR compared to the patients of group II (24.9% VS 3.8% respectively; p < 0.001) with higher rate of LV thrombus discovered by echocardiography (25.4% VS 1.9%; p < 0.001). Extensive significant CAD disease was observed to be higher among patients of group I (69.4% VS 57.5%; p = 0.039) and those patients treated mainly with PCI revascularization therapy (68.9% VS 52.8%; p = 0.002) compared to patients of group II who mainly treated medically (34.9% VS 17.6 %; p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that DM (odd ratio (OR): 2.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45-4.79, P = 0.01), presence of significant ischemic MR (OR: 13.7, 95% CI:2.84-66.1, p = 0.001)and presence of significantly diseased coronary vessels (odd ratio (OR): 5.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-22.6, P = 0.033,) all were independent predictors for significant LV dysfunction (LVEF < 40%) which predict poor outcome in ACS patients.ConclusionWe concluded that DM, presence of significant ischemic MR, and increased number, severity of diseased coronaries all were independent predictors of LV dysfunction (LVEF < 40%) which is known to predict poor outcome. Identification of those risk predictors upon patient evaluation could be helpful to identify high risk-patients, in need of particular care, aggressive therapy and close follow-up to improve their poor outcome.     

Effect of oral alcohol on left ventricular ejection fraction, volumes, and segmental wall motion in normals and in patients with recent myocardial infarction

A first-pass nuclear angiogram and a multiple-gated acquisition study were obtained in 10 normal physicians and in 10 patients with a 7-to-10 day old transmural myocardial infarction. After the scan the subjects drank 2 oz. of whiskey. After 60 minutes, the multiple-gated acquisition study was repeated. In the normal group the left ventricular ejection fraction was 68% before and 72% after alcohol. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume increased from 89 to 97 ml while the left ventricular end-systolic volume decreased from 29 to 27 ml. The stroke volume rose from 61 to 70 ml/beat (p less than 0.05). The cardiac output increased from 4.0 to 5.0 l/min (p less than 0.05). In the infarction group, the left ventricular ejection fraction was 58% before and 56% after alcohol administration. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume fell from 111 to 96 ml, while the left ventricular end-systolic volume declined from 50 to 44 ml. The stroke volume fell from 61 to 52 ml/beat, while the cardiac output fell from 4.5 to 3.8 l/min. In the left ventricular infarction zones, alcohol produced in 9 of the 10 cardiac patients a decline in the left ventricular regional ejection fraction. In the normal group, alcohol produced no significant changes in the regional ejection fraction. The normal and the postinfarction patients responded differently to alcohol.     

Prognostic significance of right ventricular dysfunction in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction and right ventricular involvement

Little is known about the influence of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction on prognosis of patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction (IMI) and RV involvement. Therefore, 99 consecutive patients (mean age 56.6 ± 3.4 years) with RV involvement during acute IMI were followed for a 12-month period to clarify the influence of acute RV dysfunction on short- and long-term survivals. Forty-one patients with IMI evolved with severe arterial hypotension due to RV dysfunction, while 58 patients had no hemodynamic impairment due to RV involvement. Basal hemodynamic data (mean ± SD) for patients with RV dysfunction were blood pressure (BP) 92/59 ± 22/20 mmHg, systemic vascular resistance (SVR) 2314 ± 252 dynes·s·cm^?5, and cardiac index (CI) 1.3 ± 0.31/min/m². Patients without RV dysfunction demonstrated BP 113/74 ± 20/16 mmHg (p≤0.05), SVR 1324 ± 354 dynes·s·cm^?5 (p≤0.01), and CI 2.6 ± 0.5 1/min/m² (p≤0.05). Angiographic differences noted were that hemodynamically compromised patients showed lower RV ejection fractions (0.27 ± 0.08) than patients without hemodynamic disturbance [0.41 ± 0.11 (p≤0.05)]; however, left ventricular ejection fractions were 0.48 ± 0.10 and 0.52 ± 0.12, respectively. Short- and long-term mortality rates were assessed during the follow-up period. Patients with hemodynamic impairment due to RV infarction had a higher mortality rate for the first month and for 11 subsequent months post MI than patients without hemodynamic impairment, that is, 24.4 vs. 6.9 and 14.6 (p≤0.05) vs. 3.4% (p≤0.05), respectively. These data suggest that decreased RV ejection fraction possibly is linked with significantly reduced short- and long-term survival in patients with RV involvement during acute IMI.     

Mobilization of CD34(+), CD117(+), CXCR4(+), c-met(+) stem cells is correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction and plasma NT-proBNP levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

AIMS: The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between the number of CD34(+), CD117(+), c-met(+), CXCR4(+) stem cells mobilized into peripheral blood, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), NT-proBNP levels, and myocardial necrosis markers in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS AND RESULTS: 43 patients with STEMI were enrolled. Stem cells number was measured using flow-cytometer and concentrations of NT-proBNP, SDF-1, G-CSF, VEGF, IL-6, and HGF were measured using ELISA kits. The number of stem cells mobilized early (<12 h) in AMI was significantly, positively correlated with LVEF: r=0.49 (P=0.0012) for CD34(+) cells, r=0.48 (P=0.0018) for CXCR4(+) cells, r=0.45 (P=0.0043) for CD117(+) cells, and r=0.41 (P=0.01) for c-met(+) cells and negatively correlated with NT-proBNP levels on admission r=-0.35 (P=0.024) for CD34(+) cells, r=-0.42 (P=0.007) for CXCR4(+) cells, r=-0.33 (P=0.04). In patients with LVEF 40%. The number of CXCR4(+) cells on admission and after 24 h was negatively correlated with respective cardiac Troponin I levels (r=-0.37; P=0.029 and r=-0.45, P=0.02) and maximum activity of CK-MB (r=-0.37; P=0.021). No significant correlations between levels of haematopoietic cytokines and LVEF were found. CONCLUSION: The mobilization of CD34(+), CD117(+), CXCR4(+), c-met(+) stem cells into peripheral blood early in STEMI is positively correlated with LVEF and negatively correlated with NT-proBNP levels and myocardial necrosis markers.     

急性心肌梗死后左室重构临床研究

目的　探讨溶栓治疗对急性心肌梗死后左室结构和功能的影响。方法　对 36例首发急性心肌梗死患者于梗死后 4周和 12周进行超声心动图观察。分别测定左室舒张末期容积指数 (LVEDVI)、左室收缩末期容积指数 (LVESVI)、射血分数 (EF) ,作为反映左室结构和功能变化的指标。结果　急性心肌梗死后LVEDVI、LVESVI均明显增高 (分别为P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 )。 4周和 12周检查发现 ,溶栓组LVEDVI、LVESVI无明显差异 (分别P>0 0 5 ,P >0 0 5 ) ,EF值明显增大 (P <0 0 5 ) ;未溶栓组LVEDVI、LVESVI明显增大 (分别为P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,EF值无明显变化 (P >0 0 5 ) ;对 4周和 12周的检查结果作组间比较发现 ,溶栓组LVEDVI、LVESVI均小于未溶栓组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,EF值溶栓组高于未溶栓组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　溶栓治疗能有效地抑制急性心肌梗死后左室重构 ,改善心功能。