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1.
本研究通过与关节镜检查相对照,探讨不同医学中心常规核磁共振检查对膝关节半月板和交叉韧带损伤诊断的准确性.前瞻性检查了年龄在22~59岁之间的病人70例,在对所有的病人进行了详细的病史采集,X线片检查,临床查体,常规核磁共振检查和关节镜检查术,计算出其相应的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、P值和kappa值.结果表明:MRI检查对内侧、外侧半月板的敏感性分别为47%和100%,特异性分别为95%和75%.准确性分别为73%和78.5%.对前交叉韧带(ACL)的敏感性为77.8%,特异性为100%,准确性为94%.研究发现MRI对内侧、外侧半月板检查与关节镜检查有着良好一致性,kappa值分别为0.43、0.45;对前交叉韧带的检查有极佳的一致性,kappn值为0.84.由此可见,MRI对半月板、交叉韧带的检查具有高度准确性,应当用做确定关节镜手术指征的初步诊断手段.  相似文献   

2.
四肢关节专用MRI对膝关节半月板桶柄样撕裂的诊断价值   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的探讨膝关节半月板桶柄样撕裂的MRI征象及其诊断价值。方法回顾分析膝关节半月板桶柄样撕裂23例,所有病例均经过四肢关节专用MRI检查并经关节镜证实。由2名有经验的放射科医师进行盲法阅片,记录并评价各征象的诊断价值。结果23例共见半月板桶柄样撕裂23个,其中发生于内侧半月板者16例(69.6%),外侧半月板者7例(30.4%)。出现领结消失征15例(65.2%),双前角征9例(39.1%),半月板翻转征3例(13.0%),髁间碎片征19例(82.6%),双后交叉韧带征7例(30.4%),后角比例失调征8例(34.8%)。序列试验显示各征象联合诊断时特异性明显提高,其中髁间碎片征和双后交叉韧带征联合的特异度达100%。结论MRI是半月板桶柄样撕裂理想的无创检查方法,有利于该疾病的术前诊断和手术计划制定。  相似文献   

3.
MRI对诊断膝关节内损伤的准确性评估   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
目的 评价MRI诊断膝关节内损伤的准确性.方法 以关节镜检查为金标准,对514例膝关节损伤患者术前MRI检查结果进行统计分析.结果 MRI诊断半月板损伤的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为86.6%、87.5%、88.9%;对前交叉韧带损伤诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为70.3%、85.5%、87.0%;对关节面软骨损伤诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为64.9%、96.4%、80.5%.结论 MRI对关节内损伤的诊断具有较高准确性和特异性,但是其诊断准确性受到很多因素的影响.  相似文献   

4.
儿童及青少年膝关节疾病诊断常常比较困难,由于生长期结构的变化以及目前缺少对MRI精确的描述,MRI检查对儿童及青少年膝关节疾病诊断的价值受到质疑。作者对96例儿童及青少年膝关节疾病进行前瞻性研究。分析6种主要诊断:前叉韧带撕裂、外侧半月板撕裂、内侧半月板撕裂、分离性骨炎、外侧盘状半月板和骨软骨骨折。所有病例均接受同一位医生的关节镜治疗。结果发现MRI检查明显提高对儿童及青少年膝关节前叉韧带撕裂、外侧半月板撕裂、分离性骨炎和外侧盘状半月板4种疾病的诊断率。儿童及青少年膝关节MRI检查的意义@胡孔足  相似文献   

5.
膝关节韧带损伤的MRI诊断   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3  
目的:分析膝关节韧带损伤的MRI表现及应用价值。方法:85例膝关节损伤患者,男56例,女29例,年龄14~70岁,平均39岁,均经手术或关节镜检查明确诊断,对所有患者的MRI进行回顾性分析。结果:MRI显示侧副韧带损伤77条、交叉韧带损伤81条。侧副韧带损伤分为轻、中、重度;交叉韧带损伤表现为不完全撕裂、完全撕裂及撕脱骨折。MRI可显示侧副韧带及交叉韧带局灶或弥漫性肿胀、韧带连续性中断,断端移位及韧带信号改变,可显示韧带撕脱骨折及移位,经与手术或关节镜对照分析,磁共振诊断内侧副韧带、外侧副韧带、前交叉韧带及后交叉韧带准确性分别为92·3%、97%、81·3%、100%。结论:膝关节磁共振检查对韧带损伤的程度、类型的诊断较为准确,对临床治疗指导价值较大。  相似文献   

6.
膝关节半月板撕裂的磁共振表现   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
目的进一步认识膝关节半月板撕裂的磁共振成像(MRI)表现。方法回顾分析50例膝关节半月板撕裂的MRI资料,所有病例均经关节镜手术证实。采用永磁型MRI机,场强0.2T。结果50例半月板撕裂中,按照部位分类,半月板撕裂位于内侧半月板前角2例,内侧后角37例,外侧半月板前角5例,外侧后角3例,同时累及半月板前角、体部和后角者内侧2例,外侧1例。按照半月板撕裂的形式分为:水平撕裂8例;垂直撕裂4例;斜形撕裂26例;纵形撕裂3例;放射状撕裂4例;桶柄状撕裂2例;复杂撕裂3例。结论MRI能够清楚显示膝关节半月板撕裂的部位和形式,为临床治疗提供可靠的依据,是目前诊断半月板撕裂的最好的影像学检查方法。  相似文献   

7.
目的研究分析核磁共振对膝关节交叉韧带损伤患者的临床诊断价值及特点。方法选取2016年1月至2017年7月本院收治的怀疑为膝关节前交叉韧带损伤患者100例,所有患者均行CT、MRI检查,检查后2~4天以内行关节镜检查,最终CT、MRI诊断结果以关节镜检查结果作为判断准确度的金标准。观察并比较CT、MRI检查前交叉韧带损伤诊断结果及前交叉韧带的损伤在CT及MRI影像学检查的表现。结果本研究100例患者,经关节镜检查结果显示,22例无韧带损伤(22.0%),34例为部分韧带撕裂(34.0%),剩余44例为完全韧带撕裂(44.0%)。CT检查前交叉韧带的诊断为80.0%(80/100),MRI检查前交叉韧带的诊断率为97.0%(97/100),差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=5.0493,P0.05);MRI检查结果显示,完全韧带撕裂的后交叉韧带角度、后交叉韧带弯曲度指数、前交叉韧带与胫骨内侧平舌矢状面夹角均明显小于无韧带损伤及部分韧带撕裂,比较差异具有统计学意义P0.05。结论 MRI在诊断前交叉韧带损伤方面具有明显优势,其对软组织的分辨率及对比度均较高,可以清晰显示关节整体结构及韧带、半月板损伤情况等,可作为交叉韧带损伤诊断的重要检查方法。  相似文献   

8.
[目的]分析内侧半月板突出与膝关节自发性骨坏死的相关性,同时探讨内侧半月板后角根部撕裂(MMRT)对内侧半月板突出长度、骨坏死体积的影响。[方法]选取本院2011年1月~2014年12月诊断膝关节自发性骨坏死的17例患者,根据MRI上所测量的内侧半月板突出长度分为两组,突出长度≥3 mm者为半脱位组,3mm则为对照组,对比两组间骨坏死体积;同时分析突出长度与骨坏死体积之间的相关性;根据MRI上是否存在内侧半月板后角根部撕裂,将患者分为撕裂组(MMRT组)和对照组,对比两组间内侧半月板突出长度以及骨坏死体积。[结果]17例患者中有16例(94.1%)存在不同程度的内侧半月板突出,其中9例(52.9%)为内侧半月板半脱位,半脱位组的骨坏死体积显著大于对照组(P=0.004),且内侧半月板突出长度与骨坏死体积之间呈正相关(r=0.845,P=0.000)。同时发现有7例(42.1%)患者伴有内侧半月板后角根部撕裂,撕裂组(MMRT组)的内侧半月板突出长度和骨坏死体积均大于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P值分别为0.315、0.088)。[结论]内侧半月板突出和半脱位在膝关节自发性骨坏死患者中发生率高,而且突出长度与骨坏死体积呈正相关,这一现象支持膝关节自发性骨坏死病因学中的应力源性理论。导致严重内侧半月板突出的因素可能是多方面的,不仅仅是内侧半月板后角根部撕裂。  相似文献   

9.
《中国矫形外科杂志》2019,(22):2033-2036
[目的]分析半月板桶柄样撕裂行关节镜下半月板缝合患者临床及MRI表现,评估术后效果。[方法]回顾性分析本院2012年8月~2015年8月关节镜下桶柄样撕裂半月板行复位缝合,伴前交叉韧带断裂者同时行前交叉韧带重建手术的25例患者,男21例,女4例,平均年龄(28.07±7.08)岁。采用Lysholm、IKDC评分和MRI检查评价治疗效果。[结果]所有患者均顺利完成手术,镜下证实内侧半月板损伤21例,外侧半月板损伤4例;撕裂部位位于红区17例,位于红白区8例;合并前交叉韧带断裂18例,未合并前交叉韧带断裂7例。所有患者随访13~24个月,平均(17.04±2.23)个月。随访过程中,2例单纯半月板缝合患者术后再次出现症状,再次行关节镜下部分切除未愈合的撕裂部分半月板。其余23例患者Lysholm评分由术前的(21.32±5.09)分提高到末次随访时(91.52±4.05)分(P0.05),IKDC膝关节功能主观评分由术前(25.00±4.59)分提高到末次随访时(91.32±4.26)分。MRI复查见半月板撕裂处T2质子相信号较术前明显降低,半月板形态恢复,未见明显新发撕裂,半月板愈合良好。[结论]半月板桶柄样撕裂经关节镜下缝合修复术临床效果满意,合并前交叉韧带损伤者同时进行前交叉韧带重建的效果优于单纯半月板缝合。  相似文献   

10.
【摘要】 目的 探讨MRI放射状扫描序列对膝关节半月板撕裂的诊断价值及对临床治疗的指导意义。方法 回顾性分析58 例疑有膝关节半月板撕裂患者的MRI常规扫描及放射状扫描图像,两者相互比较,并将常规扫描诊断结果、常规和放射状扫描两者相互结合后的结果分别与关节镜结果对比分析。结果 常规扫描序列和放射状扫描序列对半月板撕裂的诊断结果无统计学差异;放射状扫描和常规扫描相结合能增加诊断的敏感性和特异性。MRI常规检查(常规扫描结合放射状扫描)对于内侧半月板前角、体部及后角撕裂的诊断灵敏度分别为62.50%(62.50%),80.90%(95.23%),72.72%(78.78%);特异度为98.00%(94.00%),89.19%(78.37%),92.30%(92.30%)。MRI常规检查(常规扫描结合放射状扫描)对于外侧半月板前角、体部及后角撕裂的诊断灵敏度分别为64.28%(78.57%),76.47%(88.00%),82.35%(94.11%);特异度为97.72%(96.45%),92.68%(85.36%),97.56%(97.56%)。结论 MRI 常规扫描结合放射状扫描对半月板边缘部、近根部的损伤以及半月板损伤的细节显示优于常规扫描,二者结合可减少假阴性率和假阳性率,放射状扫描序列可作为重要的辅助诊断方法。  相似文献   

11.
An avulsion of the tibial insertion of the meniscus or a radial tear close to the meniscal insertion is defined as a root tear. In clinical practice, the incidence of these lesions is often underestimated. However, several biomechanical studies have shown that the effect of a root tear is comparable to a total meniscectomy. Clinical studies documented progredient arthritic changes following root tears, thereby supporting basic science studies. The clinical diagnosis is limited by unspecific symptoms. In addition to the diagnostic arthroscopy, MRI is considered to be the gold standard of diagnosis of a meniscal root tear. Three different direct MRI signs for the diagnosis of a meniscus root tear have been described: Radial linear defect in the axial plane, vertical linear defect (truncation sign) in the coronal plane, and the so-called ghost meniscus sign in the sagittal plane. Meniscal extrusion is also considered to be an indirect sign of a root tear, but is less common in lateral root tears. During arthroscopy, the function of the meniscus root must be assessed by probing. However, visualization of the meniscal insertions is challenging. Refixation of the meniscal root can be performed using a transtibial pull-out suture, suture anchors, or side-to-side repair. Several short-term studies reported good clinical results after medial or lateral root repair. Nevertheless, MRI and second-look arthroscopy revealed high rates of incomplete or absent healing, especially for medial root tears. To date, most studies are case series with short-term follow-up and level IV evidence. Outerbridge grade 3 or 4 chondral lesions and varus malalignment of >5° were found to predict an inferior clinical outcome after medial meniscus root repair. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term results and to define evident criteria for meniscal root repair.  相似文献   

12.

Background

In recent years, with technological advances in arthroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging and improved biomechanical studies of the meniscus, there has been some progress in the diagnosis and treatment of injuries to the roots of the meniscus. However, the biomechanical effect of posterior lateral meniscus root tears on the knee has not yet become clear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a complete radial posterior lateral meniscus root tear on the knee contact mechanics and the function of the posterior meniscofemoral ligament on the knee with tear in the posterior root of lateral meniscus.

Methods

A finite element model of the knee was developed to simulate different cases for intact knee, a complete radial posterior lateral meniscus root tear, a complete radial posterior lateral meniscus root tear with posterior meniscofemoral ligament deficiency, and total meniscectomy of the lateral meniscus. A compressive load of 1000 N was applied in all cases to calculate contact areas, contact pressure, and meniscal displacements.

Results

The complete radial posterior lateral meniscus root tear decreased the contact area and increased the contact pressure on the lateral compartment under compressive load. We also found a decreased contact area and increased contact pressure in the medial compartment, but it was not obvious compared to the lateral compartment. The lateral meniscus was radially displaced by compressive load after a complete radial posterior lateral meniscus root tear, and the displacement took place mainly in the body and posterior horn of lateral meniscus. There were further decrease in contact area and increases in contact pressure and raidial displacement of the lateral meniscus in the case of the complete posterior lateral meniscus root tear in combination with posterior meniscofemoral ligament deficiency.

Conclusions

Complete radial posterior lateral meniscus root tear is not functionally equivalent to total meniscectomy. The posterior root torn lateral meniscus continues to provide some load transmission and distribution functions across the joint. The posterior meniscofemoral ligament prevents excessive radial displacement of the posterior root torn lateral meniscus and assists the torn lateral meniscus in transmitting a certain amount of stress in the lateral compartment.  相似文献   

13.
《Arthroscopy》2003,19(8):850-854
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to document the accuracy of joint line tenderness in the diagnosis of meniscal tears. Type of Study: Prospective cohort study. Methods: There were 104 male recruits (age range, 18 to 20 years; mean, 19.2 years) with suspected meniscal lesions who underwent arthroscopy. A thorough history and physical examination was performed on each patient by a physician with 4 years’ experience on arthroscopic knee surgery. Twenty-six (25%) patients sustained injuries while in the Turkish Army, and 78 patients (75%) sustained injuries before they came to the army. On physical examination, assessment of joint line tenderness at the lateral and medial joint lines was performed with the patient’s knee flexed 90°. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of joint line tenderness for medial and lateral sides were calculated based on arthroscopic findings. Results: In 104 knees, the diagnosis was correct in 71 (68%) and incorrect in 33 (32%) knees. A total of 37 medial meniscal tears and 27 lateral meniscal tears were identified at arthroscopy. Other pathology included 11 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, 5 medial femoral chondral lesions, 4 chondromalacia patellae, and 1 medial plica. No discernable abnormalities were seen in 21 knees. A preoperative diagnosis of a medial meniscal tear was made in 54 knees and 32 were confirmed at arthroscopy. A lateral meniscus tear was suspected in 27 knees and confirmed in 25. Five medial meniscus and 2 lateral meniscus tears were seen at arthroscopy. These had not been suspected with tenderness over the joint line. The accuracy of the test was lower with the presence of ACL lesions and condromalacia patella. Conclusions: I concluded that joint line tenderness as a test for lateral meniscal tears is accurate (96%), sensitive (89%), and specific (97%). However, for medial meniscal tears, rates are lower.  相似文献   

14.
Introduction and importanceMeniscal tear is one of the most common knee injuries and knee surgery procedures. It is frequently associated with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. We conducted this study, on patients with ACL reconstruction surgeries, which were occasionally accompanied by meniscal tears, in order to determine the diagnostic value of clinical examinations for meniscal tear, both individually and in combination, in correlations to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, with the goal of improving clinical diagnosis for patients with meniscal injuries in particular, as well as meniscal injuries associated with cruciate ligament knee injuries.Case presentation50 patients were thoroughly clinically examined, using Joint line tenderness, Thessaly test, McMurray's test, Apley's test followed by MRI, before their scheduled ACL reconstruction arthroscopic surgeries. The meniscal tears were then identified during the procedure, and were treated, if necessary. The data before and after the surgery was taken into calculating, with arthroscopic findings serving as the gold standard. Results: the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of each clinical tests and MRI scans respectively were: for medial meniscus, Joint line tenderness (70%; 53,3%; 60%); McMurray's test (80%; 73,3%: 76%); Apley's test (65%; 70%; 68%); Thessaly test(70%; 76,7%; 74%); MRI (90%; 83,3%; 86%); lateral meniscus: Joint line tenderness (73%; 66,7%; 70%); McMurray's test (69,2%; 75%: 72%); Apley's test (69,2%; 70,8%; 70%); Thessaly test (73,1%; 75%; 74%); MRI (88,5%; 87,5%; 88%). However, when combining at least two positive tests into a single composite test, the diagnostic value is considerably enhanced with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 85%, 73,3%, 78% for medial meniscus, 92,3%, 87,5%, 90% for lateral meniscus.Clinical discussionClinical tests are essential for diagnosis of meniscal tears, although inconsistent. A composite test consisting of at least two positive tests can considerably enhance the diagnostic value, even comparable to MRI scans. However, after the clinical examination, MRI is still necessary for the diagnostic process of meniscal injuries in particular, as well as meniscal injuries associated with cruciate ligament knee injuries.ConclusionThe combination of clinical tests and MRI images will give a precise diagnosis as well as surgical indication for meniscus injury in patients with anterior cruciate ligament tear.  相似文献   

15.
Introduction The goal of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 3-Tesla MRI for the assessment of degenerative meniscal tears in clinical practice. Materials and methods In patients with chronic knee pain, a negative history of acute trauma and a mean age of 52 years, 3-Tesla MRI were performed a few days prior to arthroscopy. In 86 menisci, diagnostic values of 3-Tesla MRI for the detection of degenerative tears were evaluated using arthroscopy as reference standard. The MRI classification, for meniscus diagnostics, described by Crues was used. Results At arthroscopy, all tears identified (19 horizontal, 7 complex, 3 radial) were degenerative as confirmed by histological examination. MRI grade II lesions had a prevalence of 24% and a rate of 24% of missed tears, whereas grade I lesions were not associated with a torn meniscus at arthroscopy. For meniscal tears, (grade III) sensitivity and specificity of 3-Telsa MRI was 79 and 95% for both menisci, 86 and 100% for the medial meniscus, and 57 and 92% for the lateral meniscus. The best diagnostic performance was found for complex tears, horizontal tears showed relatively good results, poor results were documented for radial tears. Conclusion For the medial meniscus, where horizontal and complex tears were more prevalent, 3-Tesla MRI shows a higher accuracy than for the lateral meniscus. Particularly with regard to the medial meniscus, 3-Tesla MRI could be effectively used when a degenerative tear is suspected. Nevertheless, in regard to a remarkable number of false positive and false negative findings the diagnostic value of a 3-Tesla MRI investigation should not be overestimated.  相似文献   

16.
MR diagnosis of meniscal tears of the knee: analysis of error patterns   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Purpose Despite high accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosing meniscal tears, MR findings do not always agree with surgical findings. We performed a blinded, retrospective study to analyze the nature and frequency of errors in the MR diagnosis of meniscal tears. Materials and methods Medical records of 100 consecutive patients who underwent MR and arthroscopy of the knee at our institution were reviewed. Twelve patients underwent prior meniscal surgery. Twenty-three patients had 27 discrepancies between MR and surgical findings. These were independently reviewed by two additional musculoskeletal radiologists in a double blinded fashion. Original incorrect diagnoses were categorized as either unavoidable, interpretation error or equivocal for meniscal tear. Results MR accuracy was 88% for the medial and 85% for the lateral meniscus. Of 27 incorrect MR diagnoses, 12 (44%) were unavoidable, 10 (37%) equivocal and 5 (19%) interpretation errors. Of the 67 medial meniscal tears, 12 (18%) were missed. Eight (67%) of these 12 were categorized as equivocal, including three postoperative menisci. Of 30 lateral tears, 12 (40%) were missed, 7 (58%) of which were categorized as unavoidable. Of these 12, 11 (92%) showed fraying of the inner edge, which was shaved at arthroscopy (n = 8) or had stable tear treated conservatively (n = 3). There were three false-positive diagnoses, all occuring in the lateral meniscus, two of which were unavoidable and one interpretation error. Conclusion Of all missed lateral meniscal tears, most are unavoidable and related to confusion between what represents fraying and what represents a tear. Unavoidable false-positive diagnoses are infrequent and may be related to incomplete arthroscopic evaluation. Subtle or equivocal findings still make MR diagnosis difficult, even for experienced radiologists.  相似文献   

17.
Three hundred eighty-four cases involving all patients with meniscal or anterior cruciate ligament tears were examined surgically by 16 orthopedic surgeons over two distinct 12-month periods. The incidence of both menisci (ipsilateral knee) torn was 3.9%, and the ratio of medial to lateral meniscal tears was 2.7:1. Twelve percent of cases had tears of the anterior cruciate ligament, 70% of which were found with a concomitant medial meniscus tear. Arthrography was completely accurate in 73.2% of cases, and arthroscopy was accurate in 94.9%. When clinical impression, arthrography, and arthroscopy were combined, the overall diagnostic accuracy was 96.8%.  相似文献   

18.
《Arthroscopy》2022,38(3):670-672
Meniscal tear patterns associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, such as root tears and ramp lesions are common but less easily recognized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with a complete radial tear or a locked bucket-handle tear. Timely treatment of these tears improves outcomes in the setting of ACL reconstruction. While physical examination does not enable a definitive diagnosis of meniscal root tears and ramp lesions, high-grade laxity, including a 3+ Lachman and 3+ pivot shift, should raise suspicions for these tear patterns. MRI allows visualization of both root tears and ramp lesions, although the gold standard for diagnosis is probing at the time of arthroscopy due to a high false-negative rate on MRI. Up to 17% of patients with an ACL tear have a lateral meniscal root tear; a contact mechanism and increased posterior slope are both associated with a greater incidence of lateral meniscal root tears and these are repaired with a tunnel technique. Meniscal ramp lesions occur in up to 41% of patients with ACL tears due to a contact mechanism, and we prefer repair with an inside-out technique. More than 60% of complete radial meniscal tears occur in the setting of ACL tears and are preferentially repaired with a hashtag technique for minimally separated tears and a 2-tunnel technique combined with an inside-out repair for more severe tears. Bucket-handle tears are more common in the setting of chronic ACL deficiency; concurrent with ACL reconstruction urgent meniscal repair with an inside-out technique is the gold standard, which allows for precise approximation of the tear with multiple points of fixation for improved biomechanical performance. It is critical to identify and treat these tears during ACL reconstruction because of their role as secondary stabilizers and for long-term chondral protection.  相似文献   

19.
BackgroundSeveral types of meniscal tear could be presented in both acute and chronic anterior cruciate ligament injury. The incidence of bucket-handle meniscus tears can be up to 30% of the overall meniscus tears cases. The case of both compartment (medial and lateral) bucket-handle meniscus is rarely occurred.CaseA case of both medial and lateral bucket-handle meniscus tears was reported in a male of 21 years old. The patient also had a chronic anterior cruciate ligament injury. The magnetic resonance imaging also showed a rare presentation of the triple-PCL sign with the sagittal view. Arthroscopic surgery with a meniscus repair and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was performed on the patient.ConclusionsSeveral specific imaging signs including triple-PCL sign could be presented in a rare case of both medial and lateral bucket-handle meniscus tears. Recognition of this sign is important to have accurate preoperative diagnosis and proper treatment plan.  相似文献   

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