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1.
Berger's disease or IgA nephropathy (NIgA) is the most common form of glomerulonephritis in the world. In children macroscopic haematuria is the first sign in about 80% of the patients. Renal failure appears in 20% of cases after twenty years of follow-up. The most important prognosis indicators are a nephrotic syndrome at the onset, a proteinuria > 1 g/24 hours, diffuse tubulo-interstitial lesions and extracapillary proliferation with crescents in more than 50% of the glomeruli. The pathogenic mechanisms are just emerging and involve a disrupted process of the systemic tolerance to mucosal antigen with abnormal mucosal gamma delta T cell repertoire, abnormally glycosylated IgA1 molecules and a down-regulation of Fc alpha receptors on blood cells. After IgA deposition, the mechanisms of mesangial cell damage and activation involve vascular factors as endothelin/nitric oxide system, cytokines and growth factors such as interleukine-6, platelet derived growth factor and transforming growth factor beta. There is no curative treatment but steroids are useful in diffuse proliferative extracapillary forms, when histological activity score is high with a short delay between diagnosis and treatment, or for moderately severe NIgA with normal renal function.  相似文献   

2.
A 9 year old girl presented with clinical manifestations of Henoch-Schönlein syndrome and macroscopic haematuria. Laboratory investigations showed selective IgA deficiency and renal biopsy showed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with diffuse granular deposits of C3 on immunofluorescence. IgA deposits were absent.  相似文献   

3.
Zusammenfassung Bei 33 Kindern mit isolierter und rezidivierender Hämaturie ohne klinisch erkennbare Ursache wurde eine Nierenbiopsie durchgeführt. Histologisch fand sich bei allen Kindern bis auf 2 eine Glomerulonephritis. Von den untersuchten Kindern zeigten 6 eine fokale-segmentale Glomerulonephritis, die übrigen diffuse Veränderungen. Nach den licht- und elektronenmikroskopischen Befunden waren die histopathologischen Veränderungen am Glomerulus minimal bis leicht und betrafen vorwiegend das Mesangium. Hier fand sich eine unterschiedlich starke Vermehrung der Mesangiumzellen und eine Verdickung des Mesangiums. Ausgeprägte Strukturalterationen lagen nicht vor. Es zeigte sich, daß eine rezidivierende Hämaturie mit verschiedenen Formen einer Glomerulonephritis auftritt. Die Prognose darf als günstig bezeichnet werden. Bei keinem der Kinder, auch bei längerem Bestehen der Hämaturie, war die Nierenfunktion eingeschränkt. Eine stärkere Proteinurie oder eine chronische Nephritis lagen nicht vor. Die Untersuchungen ergaben, daß eine korrekte Diagnose ohne Nierenbiopsie nicht möglich ist. Übergang in eine chronische Glomerulonephritis wurde auch bei mehrfacher Kontrollpunktion nicht beobachtet.
Recurrent haematuria in childhoodClinical and pathologic-anatomical findings
Renal biopsy was performed in 33 children with recurrent haematuria but with no other symptoms of renal disease or urinary-tract lesions. Glomerulonephritis was found in 31 of 33 patients. Light and electron microscopy revealed two groups of pathologic lesions: focal glomerulonephritis in 6 and diffuse postacute proliferative glomerulonephritis in 25 children. The histopathologic changes of the glomerulus were minimal or slight. Only the mesangium was affected by hypercellularity and/or thickening of various degrees. Severe lesions were not found. There was no evidence of reduced renal function or proteinuria. The study indicates that recurrent haematuria is associated with several types of glomerulonephritis. In our cases the prognosis seems to be good. Establishment of a correct diagnosis requires morphological classification by renal biopsy.
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4.
目的探讨儿童IgA肾病(IgAN)的临床、病理特点及其相关关系。方法对本院2005年5月-2011年8月经肾穿刺活检确诊为IgAN的72例患儿的临床表现、临床分型、病理特点及免疫分型进行回顾性总结,并分析它们之间的相关关系。结果本组72例。男48例,女24例;年龄1岁5个月~17岁[(8.99±2.94)岁];入院时病程2 d~9 a(平均12.86个月)。临床以血尿起病者58例(包括38例肉眼血尿及5例伴水肿者),以单纯水肿起病者12例,以蛋白尿起病者2例。临床分型为肾病综合征型28例(38.89%)、孤立性血尿型19例(26.39%)、血尿和蛋白尿型13例(18.05%)、急性肾炎型10例(13.89%)、孤立性蛋白尿型2例(2.78%)。病理改变:系膜增生型肾小球肾炎40例,局灶增生型肾炎25例、毛细血管内增生型肾炎6例、新月体型肾炎1例。其中伴新月体形成者17例(占23.61%)。免疫组织化学可见多种免疫球蛋白沉积。沉积类型为满堂亮型1例、IgA+IgG+C32例、IgA型8例、IgA+IgM+IgG+C3型17例、IgA+IgM+C3型44例。结论 IgAN的临床表现形式多样,其病情轻重与起病形式无关。病理表现以系膜增生型肾小球肾炎为主,免疫球蛋白沉积以复合型为主。临床表现为肾病综合征型及血尿和蛋白尿型者病理较重,应尽早行肾穿,及时治疗。  相似文献   

5.
Haematuria in children is either of glomerular or nonglomerular origin. In the latter case intravenous urography should always be performed. A renal biopsy is indicated if unexplained haematuria persists for at least one year or if an unfavorable prognosis is indicated by the appearance of hypertension, significant proteinuria or persistently low levels of serum complement (C3). The importance of screening the families of haematuric patients is emphasized. More than half of our cases with persistent or intermittent haematuria undergoing renal biopsy showed no or only minimal glomerular changes. In other children with a similar clinical picture more severe histological lesions were detected. In any case the kidney tissue obtained by biopsy should be examined by immunofluorescence and by electron microscopy. One of the most frequent causes for persistent or intermittent haematuria during childhood is Berger's disease (IgA/IgG nephropathy).  相似文献   

6.
目的提高对急性肾小球肾炎特殊临床和肾脏病理的认识。方法回顾性分析3例具有不典型急性肾小球肾炎临床表现患儿的临床和病理资料。结果 3例患儿均以急性肾小球肾炎表现起病,例1和例3在病程中出现肾病综合征表现;例2在6周后肉眼血尿方转为镜下血尿;例1于病程11周时仍为肾病水平蛋白尿、直至病程30周时尿蛋白消失;例2和例3分别于病程5周和4周恢复肾功能。例2和例3血清补体C3于病程6周内恢复,例1于病程11周恢复。例2和例3抗链球菌溶血素O(ASO)滴度增高。3例患儿的肾活检组织光镜和电镜改变均符合毛细血管内增生性肾小球肾炎的特点,免疫病理改变例1以IgM和C3沉积为主,例2和例3以C3沉积为主。结论上述3例患儿均诊断为急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎,但临床和病理特点具有不典型性。  相似文献   

7.

Objective

Clinical features of Iranian children with celiac disease (CD) are still unknown and there is scant information about atypical presentation of celiac disease from Iran. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of CD in Iranian children presenting with functional abdominal pain (FAP).

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 301 children affected by FAP were screened for CD by anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (tTG IgA). IgA antibody was also measured to exclude IgA deficiency. The antibodies were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Diagnosis of CD was confirmed by duodenal biopsy that was scored according to the Marsh classification in cases with abnormal titer of tTG antibody.

Findings

A total of 301 children (138 males, 163 females) with FAP were studied. Endoscopic duodenal biopsy was taken for patients with positive and borderline tTG test. Two out of 301 cases were IgA deficient and celiac disease was suspected for one of them based on histological findings. Four out of 299 patients with normal IgA had abnormal tTG titer; intermediate ranges (16–23 U/ml) were detected in 1 and positive ranges (≥24 U/ml) in 3 cases. CD was suggested in all patients with abnormal titer of tTG (1.33%) based on histological findings.

Conclusion

The prevalence of celiac disease in children with FAP is estimated 1.3% (nearly 2 times higher than in normal population) in Iran.  相似文献   

8.
ABSTRACT. The clinical course of 43 children with IgA glomerulonephritis detected by mass urine screening was followed for a mean period of 8.1 years. Histological findings were graded according to the severity of glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions. There was no correlation in the severity of histological grade and clinical outcome between subjects with microscopic hematuria and those with microscopic hematuria and pro-teinuria nor between those with and without one or more episodes of macroscopic hematuria during the follow-up period. None of the 35 children with proteinuria ≤ 1 g/m2/day had severe histological findings or developed renal impairment. In contrast, the 8 children with proteinuria > 1 g/m2/day had moderate and severe histological findings. Four of these 8 children developed hypertension or renal insufficiency during the follow-up period. Our study indicates that the outcome of screening detected IgA glomerulonephritis in children correlates with the level of proteinuria and the severity of renal pathology.  相似文献   

9.
目的 分析婴幼儿肾脏疾病临床病理的特点及婴幼儿肾穿刺安全进行的方法和意义.方法 对临床诊断为肾脏疾病的227例婴幼儿进行经皮肾穿刺活检,肾脏病理组织分别进行光镜、免疫荧光和电镜观察.光镜标本做苏木精-伊红(HE)、过碘酸雪夫反应(PAS)、六胺银(PASM)和Masson染色,免疫荧光检测其肾组织中的IgG、IgM、IgA、C3、C4、C1q、Fibrin,204例标本同时行电镜检查.结果 所有患儿肾穿刺均获成功,术后无明显并发症.有肾穿刺适应证的227例婴幼儿肾脏疾病中最常见的是肾病综合征(38.3%)、孤立性血尿(37.0%)和急性肾炎综合征(9.3%),继发性肾脏疾病相对较少(5.3%).肾脏病理类型中最常见的是系膜增生性肾小球肾炎(62.6%)、IgA肾病(8.4%)和局灶节段性肾小球硬化(5.7%).87例肾病综合征病理类型最常见的是系膜增生性肾小球肾炎(50例)、微小病变(11例)和局灶节段性肾小球硬化(9例);84例孤立性血尿病理类型最常见的是系膜增生性肾小球肾炎(68例)和IgA肾病(9例).结论 在不盲目扩大适应证的基础上,安全有效地进行婴幼儿肾穿刺,可以提高婴幼儿肾脏疾病的诊治水平.  相似文献   

10.
背景:IgA肾病是亚洲人群最常见的原发性肾小球肾炎,目前肾活检是诊断金标准,寻找可用于辅助诊断原发性IgA肾病的血清标志物有重要意义。 目的:探讨血清IgA及IgA/C3比值对儿童原发IgA肾病的诊断价值及其与病理分级的关系。 设计:诊断准确性研究。 方法:以肾活检病理为金标准分为原发性IgA肾病(真阳性)和非IgA肾病的原发性肾小球肾炎病(真阴性),以血清IgA和IgA/C3比值为待测标准,建立预测儿童原发性IgA肾病的诊断模型。截取人口学特征、血清免疫球蛋白和补体检测结果、肾活检病理检查报告和其他实验室检查结果。按年龄分为1~4岁、~7岁、~11岁和~18岁亚组;根据入院时24 h尿蛋白定量水平(mg·kg-1·d-1)分为<50和≥50亚组。 主要结局指标:血清IgA和IgA/C3比值对原发性IgA肾病的诊断效能。 结果:原发性IgA肾病150例、非IgA肾病474例进入分析。①原发性IgA肾病患儿血清IgA和IgA/C3 比值高于非IgA肾病患儿,且在各年龄亚组血清IgA升高的比例均高于非IgA肾病患儿。②血清IgA和IgA/C3比值的AUC 分别为0.824和0.851,敏感度分别为80.0%和74.3%,特异度分别为73.1%和82.7%;IgA和IgA/C3均以1~4岁的AUC最大;IgA和IgA/C3的诊断截断值均随年龄增加而升高。③血清IgA和IgA/C3比值在24 h 尿蛋白水平<50 mg·kg-1·d-1亚组的敏感度分别为90.3%和93.5%,在不同年龄亚组24 h 尿蛋白水平<50 mg·kg-1·d-1的患儿中的敏感度为86.8%~100%。在不同尿蛋白水平亚组,IgA和IgA/C3 比值的诊断截断值亦随年龄增加而升高。④病理分级:无论是2016版牛津分级积分<4分和≥4分患儿比较,还是LEE氏分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级和Ⅲ~Ⅴ级患儿比较,性别、年龄、血清IgA、补体C3和IgA/C3比值差异均无统计学意义。 结论:血清IgA/C3比值和IgA升高对于筛查原发性IgA肾病有重要价值,尤其是24 h尿蛋白<50 mg·kg-1·d-1患儿。  相似文献   

11.
The clinical course of 43 children with IgA glomerulonephritis detected by mass urine screening was followed for a mean period of 8.1 years. Histological findings were graded according to the severity of glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions. There was no correlation in the severity of histological grade and clinical outcome between subjects with microscopic hematuria and those with microscopic hematuria and proteinuria nor between those with and without one or more episodes of macroscopic hematuria during the follow-up period. None of the 35 children with proteinuria less than or equal to 1 g/m2/day had severe histological findings or developed renal impairment. In contrast, the 8 children with proteinuria greater than 1 g/m2/day had moderate and severe histological findings. Four of these 8 children developed hypertension or renal insufficiency during the follow-up period. Our study indicates that the outcome of screening detected IgA glomerulonephritis in children correlates with the level of proteinuria and the severity of renal pathology.  相似文献   

12.
A program of urine screening for asymptomatic hematuria and proteinuria in school children has been conducted since 1973 by the Ministry of Education in Japan with great success in the early detection of asymptomatic renal disease. Prevalence of isolated persistent hematuria in school children was approximately 05%. Prevalence of isolated proteinuria and proteinuria with associated hematuria was 0.08% of primary school children and 0.4% of junior high school children. In order to know whether this nationwide program for 13 years causes some changes in the epidemiology of chronic glomerular disease in Japan, a multicenter survey was conducted on the number of patients with renal diseases. 70–80% of IgA and non-IgA mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis and 65 to 80% of MPGN were detected by mass urine screening at school. Severe glomerular lesions were more frequently observed in children with chance proteinuria and hematuria, as well as IgA and non-IgA mesangial proliferative glomerulo nephritis who have severe proteinuria. Mild glomerular change was more frequent in patients with MPGN, IgA and non-IgA mesangial proliferative nephritis who were detected by our screening program rather than those seen with some of the nephritic signs and symptoms at diagnosis The above evidence appears that screening program may open the way for the early management of these diseases, especially for which treatment is already established.  相似文献   

13.
目的通过对高原地区和平原地区肾小球疾病患儿进行肾脏活体组织穿刺术,探讨高原地区与平原地区肾脏疾病患儿病理类型分布是否存在区别。方法采用随机对照研究方案,将高原地区22例肾病患儿和平原地区22例肾病患儿进行肾活体组织穿刺术,分析高原地区和平原地区儿童肾病病理类型分布特点。其病理分型标准参照WHO 1982年的分类及改良的1995年肾小球病病理学分类标准。结果 1.高原地区肾小球疾病患儿与平原地区肾小球疾病患儿病理类型分布上有区别,高原地区以继发性肾小球疾病为多发,占所有肾活检病例的57.7%;而平原地区以原发性肾小球疾病为多见,占所有肾活检病例的85.0%。2组病理类型比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。2.高原地区9例原发性肾小球疾病患者中,系膜增生性肾小球肾炎和IgA肾病各2例,各占9.5%;微小病变型肾病、局灶-节段性病变、毛细血管内增生性肾小球肾炎、系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎、新月体性肾小球肾炎各1例,各占4.7%;本组病理类型中无硬化性肾小球肾炎。高原地区继发性肾小球疾病病理类型中,以紫癜性肾炎为多见,其次为乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎,狼疮性肾炎。结论高原地区与平原地区肾病患儿病理类型分布存在区别;高原地区继发性肾小球疾病患病率高于平原地区继发性肾小球疾病患病率。  相似文献   

14.
Asymptomatic constant isolated proteinuria in children   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The clinical features, renal biopsy findings, and subsequent course in 53 children with asymptomatic constant isolated proteinuria were studied retrospectively (1) to determine the prevalence of renal pathologic abnormalities among these children, (2) to identify those clinical characteristics that may enable recognition of children with an increased likelihood of having renal pathologic abnormalities, and (3) to assess the clinical course. All biopsy specimens were examined by light, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. Twenty-five patients (47%) had significant glomerular changes (15 had focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, 4 IgA nephropathy, 3 diffuse mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis without IgA deposition, and 3 membranous glomerulonephritis), and 28 had minimal glomerular changes. There were no differences between the patients with significant glomerular changes and those with minimal glomerular changes with regard to clinical and laboratory findings except for a predominance of boys in the former group. At the latest follow-up, seven patients with significant glomerular changes, but none with minimal glomerular changes, had chronic renal impairment. Because of the high incidence of significant glomerular changes and the high rate of progression to chronic renal impairment, we believe that a renal biopsy is indicated for a child with asymptomatic constant isolated proteinuria.  相似文献   

15.
OBJECTIVE: To establish whether changes of lung transfer for carbon monoxide (TLCO) are related to the phase of IgA nephropathy. METHODS: Respiratory function was tested in 12 children with IgA nephropathy assessed by percutaneous renal biopsy. This was done during acute exacerbations or haematuria-free phases of the disease. RESULTS: TLCO was low in 12/13 measurements made in the haematuric phase of IgA nephropathy or during the month following gross haematuria (mean TLCO 64% of expected values). Lung volumes and blood gas values were normal and only minor radiological signs of interstial lung involvement were observed in 11/12 patients. When respiratory tests were performed more than three months after gross haematuria, TLCO was low in 4/9 patients, with no relation to the significance of residual proteinuria or severity of findings at renal biopsy. There was a significant difference between tests performed when haematuria was present or recent and those performed more than three months after an episode of gross haematuria (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The decrease of TLCO in the acute phases of the disease is probably related to alterations of the lung alveolarcapillary membrane by immune complexes containing IgA. This non-invasive technique, easy to perform and repeat, could be of value in the diagnosis of IgA nephropathy in haematuric children.  相似文献   

16.
目的 了解复旦大学附属儿科医院肾脏风湿科肾脏疾病的病理学类型及临床特点,并对肾活检指征进行反思。方法 回顾性分析1979至2009年肾活检病理学分型和临床资料,并以10年为一个间期分3个阶段进行分析比较。结果 31年中肾活检1 633例,其中1 419例满足入选条件进入分析。①原发性、继发性和遗传性肾脏疾病分别占63.9%(907例)、23.2%(329例)和12.1%(172例)。②原发性肾脏疾病中,IgA肾病(26.6%,241/907例)、微小病变病(23.0%,209/907例)和轻微病变(18.1%,164/907例)所占比例较高,局灶节段肾小球硬化仅占3.0%(27/907例);继发性和遗传性肾脏疾病分别以紫癜性肾炎(47.1%,155/329例)和薄基膜肾病(80.8%,139/172例)所占比例最高。③31年间肾活检病理学类型构成比的变化趋势为IgA肾病、轻微病变和紫癜性肾炎在各阶段所占比例逐渐增加,系膜增生性肾小球肾炎及HBV相关性肾炎所占比例逐渐减少。④肾活检临床表现以血尿(38.8%,551/1 419例)和原发性肾病综合征(30.9%,439/1 419例)多见。血尿中单纯性镜下血尿占14.5%(206/1 419例),其病理类型主要为薄基膜肾病(52.9%,109/206例)和轻微病变(23.3%,48/206例);原发性肾病综合征初发为单纯性肾病的患儿中激素依赖及频复发占11.1%(157例),其病理学类型主要为微小病变(61.8%,97例)和轻微病变(17.2%,27例)。结论 肾活检病理学的构成比中仍以原发性肾脏疾病多见,主要为IgA肾病和微小病变,临床表现以血尿和原发性肾病综合征为主。肾活检对于单纯性镜下血尿患儿意义相对有限,临床上可密切随访尿蛋白和尿微量蛋白,如有异常再考虑行肾活检。而对于原发性肾病综合征激素依赖及频复发,特别是初发表现为单纯性肾病的患儿,临床上应关注糖皮质激素的不良反应,如出现严重不良反应,需加用免疫抑制剂特别是环孢素A和他克莫司前应考虑行肾活检。  相似文献   

17.
The glomerulonephritides are a group of disorders characterized by intraglomerular inflammation, manifested clinically by hypertension, haematuria and oedema. The disease severity varies from asymptomatic microscopic haematuria to rapidly progressing renal failure. The common causes of glomerulonephritis (GN) in children include acute post streptococcal GN (APSGN), Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Focussed clinical evaluation and key investigations are vital in establishing a timely diagnosis. Although many patients with GN require minimal medical input, a sub-section require urgent nephrology input for life-saving interventions. Prognosis depends on the underlying cause of GN. APSGN and HSPN are associated with excellent prognosis in the vast majority of affected children whereas majority of those presenting with rapidly progressive crescentic nephritis are likely to develop chronic kidney disease.  相似文献   

18.
目的 探讨儿童肾脏疾病的病理特点及其与临床表现的关系.方法 回顾性分析2002年2月-2010年6月在江西省儿童医院行肾活检的757例肾病患儿的病理及临床资料.将肾活检组织分别行光镜、免疫荧光、免疫组织化学及电镜检查.肾活检组织均作苏木精-伊红(HE)、过碘酸雪夫反应(PAS)、六胺银(PASM)及Masson染色;免疫荧光检测IgG、IgA、IgM、C3、C4、C1q.有乙型肝炎病毒感染证据者肾组织同时行乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)、乙型肝炎核心抗原(HBcAg)免疫组织化学.参照中华医学会肾脏病分会2000年制定的标准进行病理分型,结合临床和病理资料进行统计分析.结果 1.肾活检病例757例中原发性肾小球疾病537例(70.97%),其中肾病综合征265例(49.35%),孤立性血尿99例(18.44%);继发性肾小球疾病211例(27.84%),其中紫癜性肾炎144例(68.25%),乙肝相关性肾炎47例(22.27%);遗传性肾小球疾病9例(1.19%).2.原发性肾小球疾病病理类型最多的是系膜增生性肾小球肾炎277例(51.58%);继发性肾小球疾病中紫癜性肾炎最多,为144例(68.25%),其病理分级以Ⅱb~Ⅲb为主,占79.17%;遗传性肾小球疾病中Alport综合征8例;薄基底膜肾病1例.结论 江西地区儿童肾脏疾病以原发性肾小球疾病为主,病理改变以系膜增生性肾小球肾炎占绝大多数;继发性肾小球疾病中除以紫癜性肾炎为主外,乙肝相关性肾炎并不少见.  相似文献   

19.
OBJECTIVE: To establish whether changes of lung transfer for carbon monoxide (TLCO) are related to the phase of IgA nephropathy. METHODS: Respiratory function was tested in 12 children with IgA nephropathy assessed by percutaneous renal biopsy. This was done during acute exacerbations or haematuria-free phases of the disease. RESULTS: TLCO was low in 12/13 measurements made in the haematuric phase of IgA nephropathy or during the month following gross haematuria (mean TLCO 64% of expected values). Lung volumes and blood gas values were normal and only minor radiological signs of interstial lung involvement were observed in 11/12 patients. When respiratory tests were performed more than three months after gross haematuria, TLCO was low in 4/9 patients, with no relation to the significance of residual proteinuria or severity of findings at renal biopsy. There was a significant difference between tests performed when haematuria was present or recent and those performed more than three months after an episode of gross haematuria (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The decrease of TLCO in the acute phases of the disease is probably related to alterations of the lung alveolarcapillary membrane by immune complexes containing IgA. This non-invasive technique, easy to perform and repeat, could be of value in the diagnosis of IgA nephropathy in haematuric children.  相似文献   

20.
目的分析无症状尿检异常患儿的肾脏病理,了解无症状尿检异常患儿的病理改变和临床表现的关系。方法回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院儿内肾脏科2004年1月至2010年12月172例无症状尿检异常患儿临床资料,根据尿检结果分为单纯性血尿组(149例,86.6%)、单纯性蛋白尿组(7例,4.1%)和血尿合并蛋白尿组(16例,9.3%),所有患儿排除感染、结石、肿瘤及继发性肾炎并进行肾活检作光镜、免疫病理和电镜检查。结果 172例患儿的病理分型显示:肾小球轻微病变115例(66.9%)、局灶节段性肾小球硬化22例(12.8%)、IgA肾病13例(7.6%)、局灶球性肾小球硬化11例(6.4%)、薄基膜病4例(2.3%)、其他7例(4.1%)。血尿合并蛋白尿组中肾小球轻微病变占31.3%,IgA肾病占50%。单纯性血尿组中肉眼血尿患儿的肾脏病理中肾小球轻微病变和局灶节段性肾小球硬化分别占56.3%和25.0%。结论幼儿园入园尿检和入学尿检有利于早期发现慢性肾脏疾病。尿检异常中单纯性血尿需要密切随访,血尿合并蛋白尿和肉眼血尿患儿的应尽早进行肾组织穿刺活检。  相似文献   

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