荧光分光光度法测定血清中佐匹克隆含量

目的　探讨血清中佐匹克隆的测定方法。方法　样品在ｐＨ６－８６ 条件下用二氯甲烷一异戊醇（９８∶２） 提取,残渣用１－０×１０ －３ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ 盐酸溶解后测定溶液中佐匹克隆的荧光强度Ｆ（λｅｘ ＝３６５ ｎｍ 、λｅｍ ＝ ５２０ ｎｍ）。结果　血清中佐匹克隆的最低检出浓度为０－０３ ｍｇ／Ｌ,平均提取回收率为８４－０ ％ ,Ｒｓ 为３－７ ％ 。结论　本法可用于血清中佐匹克隆的测定。     

苋菜红和胭脂红混合色素含量导数极谱法测定

为测定药用胶囊中苋菜红和胭脂红混合色素的含量，应用导数极谱法对苋菜红和胭脂红进行连续快速测定。结果：在ｐＨ９．４的氨基乙酸（０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）介质中，苋菜红和胭脂红分别于－０．６２Ｖ、－０．８３Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）处产生一灵敏的吸附还原波，其导数波高分别与２种色素的浓度在０．０８～１３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ、０．１～１１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内成直线关系，检测限分别为０．０４ｍｇ／Ｌ、０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ。提示：导数极谱法用于药用胶囊中苋菜红和胭脂红混合色素含量测定，结果良好。     

示波极谱法测定血清和组织中的亚硝酸盐

用示波极谱法测定血清和组织匀浆中的亚硝酸盐。取０．１０ｍｌ血清或组织匀浆,样液中的ＮＯ－２在稀盐酸介质中,与磺胺和盐酸萘乙二胺反应生成偶氮化合物,在氨碱性介质中,该偶氮化合物可产生灵敏的极谱波,波高与ＮＯ－２含量在一定范围内成正比关系。本法检出限为０．５６μｇ／Ｌ（相应血清浓度和组织含量分别为０．６１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ和０．２２μｇ／ｇ）,相对标准差为６．１％～７．８％。加标回收率为９２．０％～１０８．０％（平均１００．６％）。本法具有灵敏度高,操作简便和样品不需除蛋白即可直接测定等优点。     

示波极谱法测定血清和组织中的亚硝酸盐

用示波极谱法测定血清和组织匀浆中的亚硝酸盐,取０．１０ｍｌ血清或组织匀浆,样液中的ＮＯ＾－２在稀盐酸介质中,与磺胺和盐酸萘乙二胺反应生成偶氮化合物,在氨碱性介质中,该偶氮化合物可产生灵敏的极谱波,波高与ＮＯ＾－２含量在一定范围内成正比关系,本法检出限为０．５６μｇ／Ｌ（相应血清攻组织含量分别为０．６１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ和０．２２３μｇ／ｇ）相对标准差为６．１％～７．８％,加标回收率为９２．０％～１０８．     

示波极谱法测定人发中镁

在３％乙二胺、１．０×１０￣（－４）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ铬黑Ｔ、５；０×１０￣（－２）ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＯＨ及０．１５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＦ溶液中用示波极谱法测定人发中镁，检出限为０；００５ｍｇ／Ｌ线性范围为０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ～０．６ｍｇＩＬ，变异系数为３．７％～４．３％，样品加标回收率为９５．８％～１０４．１％。方法简便快速，仪器设备便宜，适于基层运用。     

苋菜红和胭脂红混合色素含量导数极谱法测定

为测定药用胶囊中苋菜红和胭脂红混合色素的含量，应用导数极地对苋菜红和胭脂红进行连续快速测定。结果：在ｐＨ９．４的氨基乙酸介质中，苋菜红和胭脂红分别于－０．６２Ｖ，－０．８３Ｖ处产生一灵敏的吸附还原波，其导数波高分别与２种色素的浓度在０．０８－１３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，０．１－１１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内成直线关系，检测限为分别为０．０４ｍｇ／Ｌ，０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

单扫描示波极谱法测定药品中精氨酸的方法初探

目的：建立简便、快速、灵敏的精氨酸测定方法。方法：采用阴极化二阶导数单扫描示波极谱法测定药品中精氨酸含量。结果：精氨酸在－１．４０Ｖ处有一灵敏极谱峰,峰电流与精氨酸在１．０×１０－４～１．０×１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ之间呈线性关系,检测限为６．２５×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,回归方程Ｙ＝５．５０Ｘ－２．８６１５,相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９３,对样品测定结果表明,平均标准差为０．０８μｍｏｌ,平均变异系数ＣＶ为２．２３％,样品加标回收率范围在９８．５％～９８．６％。结论：本法具有重现性好、特异性强、准确度高、操作简便、快速的特点,适用于药品等物质中精氨酸的测定     

应用二阶导数极谱法在对氨基苯磺酸一盐酸萘乙二胺体系中测定血清中NO2-

目的评价二阶导数示波极谱法测定人血清中NO2-含量的方法。方法采用对氨基苯磺酸一盐酸萘乙二胺为测定体系,使用二阶导数极谱法测定血清中的NO2-含量。结果该方法测得正常成人的血清NO2-浓度为（233±0.06）mol／L,检出限为098mmol／L,线性范围为0．98～4638mmol／L,精密度为5O％,平均回收率为1055％。结论该方法是一种简单,易操作的测定血清NO2-的方法。     

二阶导数差示脉冲极谱法用于扑尔敏及其制剂的定量研究

本文研究建立了扑尔敏及其制剂的二阶导数差示脉冲极谱法。扑尔敏在水溶液中，于－０．４００ｖ／（ｖｓ Ａｇ／Ａｇｃｌ）处出现一良好的二阶导数差示脉冲极谱峰，在２．０￣８．０×１０＾－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内，药物浓度与其导数差示脉丫极谱峰幅值呈非常显著的线性关系（Ｐ〈０．０１）。检测限为２．０×１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。操作简便、迅速、灵敏、结果准确。     

健康男性成人血清α_1-酸性糖蛋白浓度及其与年龄的相互关系

目的：研究健康男性成人血清α１－酸性糖蛋白（α１－ＡＧＰ）的浓度范围及其与年龄的关系。方法：采用免疫比浊法，测定了经临床实验室检查证实健康的２１３例男性成人血清α１－ＡＧＰ浓度。结果：青年组（１８～２３岁，ｎ＝１７２）和非青年组（２４～５９岁，ｎ＝４１）男性血清α１－ＡＧＰ浓度分别为５６３．９±２９．５ｍｇ／Ｌ（范围４４４．５～６１８．０ｍｇ／Ｌ），５６４．５±３２．７ｍｇ／Ｌ（范围４６０．９～６４７．５ｍｇ／Ｌ）。两组比较，血清α１－ＡＧＰ浓度无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。α１－ＡＧＰ浓度的９５％参考值范围为下限５０５．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，上限为６２３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ。回归分析表明，２１３例健康男性的血清α１－ＡＧＰ浓度与年龄无相关性（ｒ＝０．０３５３，Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：健康男性成人９５％以上的个体，血清α１－ＡＧＰ浓度在５０５．０～６２３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ之间，较高的α１－ＡＧＰ浓度提示存在某种疾病或病理状态。健康男性成人血清α１－ＡＧＰ浓度与年龄无关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.