肌电图在腕管综合征诊断中的应用价值

目的:探讨肌电图在腕管综合征诊断方面的应用价值。方法:对212例共370侧肢体临床症状、体征均符合腕管综合征(CTS)的患者,测定拇短展肌的肌电图(EMG),正中神经远端运动电位的潜伏期(DML),食指、中指的感觉神经动作电位(SNAP),以及环指在正中神经、尺神经上SNAP潜伏期的差值及感觉神经传导速度,并对其结果进行分析。结果:212例共370侧肢体患者异常情况为:正中神经DML延长244条(异常率65.9%,244/370);复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)波幅下降118条及CMAP波幅未引出18条(异常率36.8%,136/370),前臂段运动传导速度(MCV)减慢24条(异常率6.5%,24/370);正中神经感觉传导速度(SCV)减慢301条(异常率81.4%,301/370),SNAP波幅下降249条及SNAP波幅未引出52条(异常率81.4%,301/370)。拇短展肌见失神经电位的肌肉79块(异常率21.4%,79/370)。对23例针肌电图及神经传导速度均无异常的患者,检查正中神经、尺神经在环指SNAP潜伏期的差值,差值均大于0.4 ms。结论:肌电图检查能为腕管综合征的诊断提供依据,有重要诊断意义。     

神经肌电图在腕管综合征患者中的应用价值

目的 探讨神经肌电图在腕管综合征(CTS)患者中的诊断应用价值。方法 收集2021年9月至2023年2月在桂林医学院附属医院门诊就诊的患者55例,性别不限,根据临床表现初步诊断为CTS,病程3 d～3年,对其进行肌电图检查,记录正中神经支配拇指、示指感觉纤维的波幅和传导速度、运动传导潜伏期、波幅和传导速度,尺神经的运动及感觉传导,正中神经和尺神经的环指差值,观察肌肉静息状态下有无自发电位。结果 被检的110条正中神经中,有105条(95.4%)正中神经/尺神经环指感觉电位潜伏期差值≥0.4 ms,有104条(94.5%)感觉传导速度减慢,有66条(60%)神经运动传导潜伏期延长,有28条(25.4%)感觉传导波幅降低,有13条(11.8%)神经运动动作电位波幅降低。被检的110块拇短展肌中针极肌电图异常有13块(11.8%),其中有8块出现自发电位(纤颤电位、正锐波),有10块出现运动单位时限延长。尺神经的神经传导及小指展肌等肌肉的针极肌电图结果均正常。55例患者中,8例为轻度异常,26例为中度异常,21例为重度异常。结论 对临床初步诊断CTS的患者进行神经肌电图检查可以提供正中神经受...     

84例腕管综合征患者的神经电生理分析

目的：探讨腕管综合征（CTS）患者的正中神经、尺神经感觉传导速度（SCV）和波幅、运动传导末端潜伏期和波幅的改变以及拇短外展肌肌电图（EMG）的变化。方法：对临床拟诊并经EMG确诊的CTS84例患者的神经传导和EMG测定进行回顾,并结合临床分析。结果：本组84例CTS患者的主要异常表现为正中神经的SCV减慢,波幅降低,尤以指3-腕的异常最为明显;58．3％的患者有正中神经末端运动潜伏期延长,拇短外展肌EMG表现为自发电位为主,部分时限延长。结论：SCV测定能早期发现和诊断CTS,特别是对症状不明显的患者很有意义。     

肩胛上神经卡压综合征的电生理诊断

目的：探讨肩胛上神经卡压综合征电生理诊断方法。方法：对10例肩胛上神经卡压综合征的病人应用肌电图（EMG）观察自发电位,检测肩胛上神经支配肌冈上肌、冈下肌;腋神经支配肌三角肌;肩胛背神经支配肌提肩胛肌的复合肌肉动作电位（CMAP）,观察指标为潜伏期、波幅的变化。结果：10例病人冈上肌均见自发电位,募集反应减弱,CMAP潜伏期延长,波幅降低,且波形离散。结论：电生理是诊断和鉴别诊断肩胛上神经卡压综合征的重要辅助手段。     

骨间前神经卡压综合征的神经电生理分析

目的:探讨骨间前神经卡压综合征的神经电生理诊断方法.方法:对2008-2012年间17例临床初诊为骨间前神经卡压综合征患者进行正中神经运动传导功能、感觉传导功能检测及靶肌肉静息状态和重收缩时的肌电图检测.结果:所检17例患者的拇长屈肌、旋前方肌静息状态见自发电活动,重收缩募集反应减弱;而旋前圆肌、桡侧屈腕肌、拇短展肌静息状态下无自发电活动,重收缩募集反应为混合相;正中神经的运动神经传导、感觉神经传导的潜伏期(Lat)、神经传导速度(NCV)、复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)、感觉神经动作电位(SNAP)波幅均在正常范围.结论:神经电生理检测对骨间前神经卡压综合征有重要的诊断及鉴别诊断价值,为临床诊断提供可靠依据.     

30例腕管综合征患者的神经电生理检测与临床分析

目的:探讨腕管综合征CTS)患者的神经电生理特征.方法:对临床症状、体征符合CTs的30例患者行正中神经、尺神经的运动和感觉传导速度测定,以及拇短展肌、小指展肌的肌电图检测.结果:在30例患者中,双侧病变者为9例,单侧病变者2l例,共有39病变.30例CTS患者中39条正中神经感觉潜伏期均延长和感觉传导速度均减慢,30条正中神经感觉诱发波幅降低,37条正巾神经运动远端潜伏期延长,2条正中神经运动远端潜伏期和诱发波幅正常;29块正中神经支配的拇短展肌呈神经原性损害.结论:神经电生理检查在CTS的诊断与鉴别诊断中有重要的意义.     

腕管综合征的神经电生理应用与分析

目的：探讨神经电生理检测对腕管综合征（carpaltunnelsyndrome,CTS）的诊断价值。方法：对临床症状、体征符合CTS的60例患者进行了正中神经运动和感觉传导测定及针极肌电图（EMG）检测。结果：60例患者中,双侧病变39例,单侧病变21例。60例CTS患者99条患侧的正中神经中,15条感觉传导测定诱发波形消失,84条正中神经感觉传导潜伏期延长、波幅降低和（或）感觉传导速度减慢;伴有正中神经运动末端潜伏期延长或动作电位波幅下降93条,6条正中神经运动远端潜伏期和诱发波幅正常。99条患侧的正中神经支配的拇短展肌EMG检测,77块呈神经原性损害。结论：神经电生理检测在CTS的定位诊断与鉴别诊断中有重要意义。     

电生理检查在正中神经返支卡压征诊断的应用

目的:探讨正中神经返支卡压征的临床与电生理特点。方法:总结20例手术及电生理检查证实正中神经返支压征患者的临床与电生理资料,其中男51例,女5例,平均年龄37岁。结果:20例患者正中神经末梢运动潜伏时延长,腕-掌部运动传导速度(MNCV)减慢<50m/s,16例复合肌肉动作电位波幅降低,16例拇短展肌见自发电位、20例感觉神经功能均正常。结论:神经电生理检测是诊断和鉴别诊断正中神经返支卡压征的可靠手段,能为临床提供客观、准确的诊断指标。     

肌电图在颈椎病和臂丛上干卡压症鉴别诊断中的应用

目的：探讨肌电图在诊断臂丛上干卡压症中的价值.方法：对20例臂丛上干卡压症患者、20例颈椎病患者,进行前锯肌、椎旁肌、三角肌、岗下肌、二头肌、三头肌、胸锁乳突肌-肌电图检测,同时测前臂外侧皮神经感觉诱发电位（SNAP）,比较2组肌电图及SNAP波幅的差异.结果：上干卡压症组中,前臂外侧皮神经SNAP波幅校对侧下降50％以上,阳性率100％.前锯肌运动单位（MUP）正常,臂丛上干支配肌见宽大,高频电位60％,支配肌肌见自发电位30％.复合肌肉动作电位异常51.3％.颈椎病组,时限宽大电位68％,多相电位82％,正尖纤颤电位15％.结论：肌电图可作为检测臂丛上干卡压的辅助手段,特别是可见自发电位.时限宽大的高频电位,且可鉴别是根部还是臂丛上干的疾患.     

腕管综合征的肌电图检测与分析

目的：探讨神经电生理检测在腕管综合征中的诊断价值。方法：对22例临床诊断为腕管综合征的患者进行了神经传导速度和针极肌电图的检测。结果：22例患者中,10条正中神经感觉传导速度测定诱发波形消失,14条正中神经感觉潜伏期延长,波幅降低或（和）感觉神经传导速度减慢,感觉神经异常率为96％;伴有正中神经运动末端潜伏期延长或动作电位波幅下降19条,运动神经异常率为76％。11块拇短展肌可见失神经电位,运动单位电位平均时限延长19块。结论：神经电生理检测对腕管综合征有重要的定位诊断和鉴别诊断价值,感觉传导速度测定比运动传导速度测定的异常率高,增加掌心一腕的感觉传导速度测定可有效提高检测的敏感性。     

旋前园肌综合征的电生理诊断分析

目的:寻找旋前园肌综合征的电生理诊断方法.方法:通过EMG检查及手术证实,共确诊患者20例,观察其支配肌电生理指标.结果:旋前园肌综合征病人20例均见自发电位,10例有前臂MNCV减慢,15例有潜伏期延长,17例支配肌波幅(AMP)下降,10例有神经干动作电位(NAP)降低.结论:电生理检查能够为旋前园肌综合征诊断和鉴别诊断提供可靠依据.     

肘管综合征电生理指标阳性率比较

目的：寻找电生理指标中对肘管综合征尤其是早期肘管综合征诊断中最敏感和可靠的指标,为临床治疗提供客观依据。方法：通过对50例52侧经临床及电生理诊断为肘管综合征患者的资料进行回顾性分析。其中电生理检测的指标有：前臂尺神经干电位、小指腕尺神经感觉电位、前臂段及肘段尺神经运动神经传导速度测定、针电极肌电图测定。结果：前臂尺神经干电位异常的阳性率达到98%,是所有检测指标中最敏感的。结论：前臂尺神经干电位异常是早期诊断肘管综合征最敏感可靠的指标。     

Large patent median arteries and their relation to the superficial palmar arch with respect to history, size consideration and clinic consequences

Background A large patent median artery can be involved in several clinical disorders like carpal tunnel syndrome, anterior interosseous nerve syndrome and pronator syndrome. Methods The frequency and variability in the expression of the median artery and the expression of the other forearm arteries were recorded during two dissection courses. The topography of the arteries with their ramifications was documented on diagrams and photographs. The outer diameters of forearm arteries were measured. Results A large median artery was found in 4 of 54 arms (7.4%). The median arteries took their origin from the ulnar artery or the common interosseous artery. In one case, the median artery pierced the median nerve in its course under the pronator teres. The outer diameters of the median arteries varied between 1.5 and 2.0 mm proximally and 1.5 and 2.0 mm distally. The diameters of the radial arteries varied between 3.0 and 5.5 mm proximally and 3.0 and 4.0 mm distally and were not reduced in any of the four cases with a large median artery. Conclusions Surgeons should be aware of other variations in the forearm when a persistent median artery is identified, for example high median nerve bifurcations. Furthermore, it should be kept in mind that additional structures leading to nerve compression may be present in the carpal tunnel.     

Clinical and electrophysiological presentation of pronator syndrome

Median neuropathy at the elbow (pronator syndrome [PS]) is rare compared to compression at the wrist. We sought to evaluate the clinical/electrophysiological parameters of this focal neuropathy. Between 1992 and 2002, we retrospectively reviewed records of eighty-three limbs in seventy-two patients with PS. Electrodiagnostic data as well as clinical symptoms, physical findings, demographic information and treatment modalities were examined. The main symptoms were forearm pain, numbness and weakness. One patient (two limbs) had nocturnal paresthesias. Twenty-five limbs (30%) showed decreased median forearm velocity. Fifty-four (65%) had abnormal median sensory studies of either abnormal conduction velocity or amplitude. Needle exam showed an abnormality of at least one median innervated muscle, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor carpi radialis, or pronator teres, in 70% (58/83). Sixteen limbs were identified as having undergone surgical decompression. In the surgical group, 10/16 (63%) were found to have constriction with a band which was released during surgery. Eight of the sixteen patients who underwent surgery were found to have documented improvement. Eleven patients (13%) had undergone previous surgery for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) without benefit. The clinical and electrophysiological features of PS are quite different from patients with CTS. Proper localization is crucial to treatment options. Surgery can provide benefit in selected cases.     

骨间掌侧神经受压综合征的解剖学研究

在32具成人尸体的64侧上肢中解剖了骨间掌侧神经及其发出的肌支共510支,对其分支平面,分支数目,长度及其走行过程中的受压因素进行了观察和测量,旋前圆肌尺骨头的纤维弓,指浅屈肌腱弓,拇长屈肌的异常肌束和骨间掌侧血管的分支血管束是造成骨间掌侧神经受压的主要因素.     

A case of median nerve descended on the surface of the pronator teres muscle

We report a case in which the left median nerve passed downwards on the surface of the pronator teres muscle in a 70-year-old male cadaver examined during student dissection practice in 2001 at Nihon University School of Medicine. In the present case, the lateral cord of the median nerve is formed of only the middle trunk, C7 and did not include upper trunk, C5, 6. The upper trunk continued the musculocutaneous nerve, but it did not participate in the median nerve. In the cubital fossa, the median nerve descended on the surface of the pronator teres muscle. The pronator teres muscle had an additional head which arose from the medial intermuscular septum. The brachial artery passed between the humeral head and the additional head. It suggested the relevance that the first branch from the median nerve to the forearm flexor muscle group is the union covered with the common ensheathing epineurium. It consisted of the pronator teres muscle branch, the flexor carpi radialis muscle branch, and the branch to the proximal belly of the muscle bundle of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle (FDS) for the second digit (II-p), which also supplies the palmaris longus muscle. The branch to the FDS for the third to the fifth digit and the anterior interosseous nerve branch arose from the back of the median nerve following the first branch, and the two branches connected mutually. And the median nerve had a branch to the distal belly of the muscle bundle of the FDS for the second digit (II-d) in its more distal part.     

重症腕管综合征的神经电生理诊断

目的：探讨重症腕管综合征（CTS）的神经电生理诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析了常规神经电生理检查正中神经运动和感觉传导均未诱发出电位即重症CTS者38例（44只手）,分别在正中神经和尺神经手腕处刺激,在第二蚓状肌和手掌骨间肌记录混合肌肉动作电位（CMAP）起始潜伏时差。结果：重症CTS44只手中,40只手（91％）在正中神经和尺神经刺激时,第二蚓状肌和手掌骨间肌记录CMAP起始潜伏时差延长,与正常对照组对比,其差异有统计学意义,4只手第二蚓状肌记录未引出波形;拇短展肌肌电图全部异常。结论：第二蚓状肌和手掌骨间肌记录CMAP起始潜伏时差测定是一项快速、简单而准确的诊断重症CTS的神经电生理检查方法。