许树化学成分研究

目的研究许树Clerodendrum inerme的化学成分。方法利用硅胶柱色谱进行分离和纯化,通过光谱分析鉴定结构。结果分离到8个化合物,鉴定为木栓酮(friedelin,Ⅰ)、豆甾醇(stigmasterol,Ⅱ)、白桦酸(betulinicacid,Ⅲ)、金合欢素(acacetin,Ⅲ)、丁香酸(syringicacid,Ⅳ)、对甲氧基苯甲酸(Ⅴ)、芹菜素(apigenin,Ⅵ)和胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,Ⅶ)。结论化合物Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅳ、Ⅶ为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

天葵子化学成分研究

目的研究天葵子的化学成分。方法运用溶剂萃取、正相和反相硅胶柱色谱、重结晶等方法分离纯化,并根据波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从天葵子中分离并鉴定了7个化合物,分别为唐松草酚定(Ⅰ)、对羟基苯乙醇(Ⅱ)、正丁基-α-D-呋喃果糖苷(Ⅲ)、正丁基-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(Ⅳ)、果糖(Ⅴ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅵ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅶ)。结论化合物Ⅰ~Ⅲ为首次从毛茛科耧斗菜族植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅴ为首次从天葵属植物中分离得到。     

草本水杨梅中芳香类化合物的分离与鉴定

目的：分离和鉴定草本水杨梅中芳香类化合物。方法：采用薄层色谱分析、硅胶柱色谱法纯化,经理化常数、光谱学方法分离鉴定6个化合物的结构。结果：从草本水杨梅全草中共分离得到6个芳香类化合物,分别确定其结构为苯甲酸(Ⅰ)、没食子酸(Ⅱ)、水杨酸(Ⅲ)、香草醛(Ⅳ)、3,4,5-三羟基苯甲醛(Ⅴ)、3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸乙酯(Ⅵ)。结论：化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ均为首次从草本水杨梅中分得的芳香类化合物。     

毛鸡骨草的化学成分研究

目的研究毛鸡骨草Abrusm ollis全草的化学成分。方法柱色谱及高效液相色谱法分离其成分,光谱法鉴定其结构。结果分得11个已知化合物,经鉴定为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ)、豆甾醇(Ⅱ)、咖啡酸二十九醇酯(Ⅲ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅳ)、白桦酸(Ⅴ)、香草酸(Ⅵ)、肌醇甲醚(Ⅶ)、蔗糖(Ⅷ)、soyasapon inⅠ(Ⅸ)、ka ikasapon inⅢ(Ⅹ)和dehydrosoy-asapon inⅠ(Ⅺ)。结论化合物Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ~Ⅺ均为首次从毛鸡骨草植物中得到。     

黄瑞香的化学成分研究

目的研究黄瑞香Daphne giraldii的化学成分。方法采用色谱技术进行分离,以波谱方法确定化合物的结构。结果分离鉴定了10个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅱ)、齐墩果酸(Ⅲ)、十八碳酸单甘油酯(Ⅳ)、十八烷基咖啡酸酯(Ⅴ)、白桦酸(Ⅵ)、瑞香毒素(Ⅶ)、齐墩果瑞香醛(oleodaphnal,Ⅷ)、紫丁香苷(Ⅸ)、sinapylalcohol 1,3′-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅹ)。结论化合物Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ和Ⅹ均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

藏药大籽獐牙菜的化学成分研究

目的研究藏药大籽獐牙菜Swertia macrosperma C.B.Clark全草的化学成分。方法运用硅胶柱层析和高效液相色谱法进行化学成分的分离纯化,通过理化常数和波谱分析鉴定化合物结构。结果从大籽獐牙菜的80%乙醇提取物中分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为芒果苷(Ⅰ)、1-羟基-3,7,8-三甲氧基口山酮(Ⅱ)、1,8-二羟基-3,7-二甲氧基口山酮(Ⅲ)、1,7-二羟基-3,8-二甲氧基口山酮(Ⅳ)、1,5,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基口山酮(Ⅴ)、1,7,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基口山酮(Ⅵ)、獐牙菜苦苷(Ⅶ)、龙胆苦苷(Ⅷ)、獐牙菜苷(Ⅸ)。结论上述化合物Ⅳ、Ⅵ～Ⅸ为首次从大籽獐牙菜中分离得到。     

高良姜黄酮类化学成分的研究

目的对高良姜A lp in ia off icinarum的黄酮类化学成分进行研究。方法采用95%乙醇提取,利用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果从高良姜的乙醇提取物中得到8个黄酮类化合物,分别为高良姜素(Ⅰ)、高良姜素-3-甲醚(Ⅱ)、山柰素-4′-甲醚(Ⅲ)、山柰酚(Ⅳ)、槲皮素(Ⅴ)、乔松素(Ⅵ)、二氢高良姜醇(Ⅶ)、儿茶精(Ⅷ)。结论化合物Ⅵ和Ⅶ为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

金钗石斛中的倍半萜类化合物

目的研究金钗石斛茎60%乙醇提取物的化学成分。方法运用多种色谱学方法对金钗石斛茎60%乙醇提取物的化学成分进行分离,并根据光谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从该植物中分离得到8个倍半萜类化合物,分别鉴定为金钗石斛素J(dendronobilin J,Ⅰ)、dendrobane A(Ⅱ)、dendrodensiflorol(Ⅲ)、bullatantirol(Ⅳ)、dendrobiumaneA(Ⅴ)、6α,10,12-trihydroxypicrotoxane(Ⅵ)、10,12-dihydroxypicrotoxane(Ⅶ)和10β,13,14-trihy-droxyalloaromadendrane(Ⅷ)。结论化合物Ⅰ为新化合物,命名为金钗石斛素J。化合物Ⅳ为首次报道从石斛属植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅲ和Ⅴ为首次报道从金钗石斛中分离得到。     

萝卜秦艽化学成分的研究Ⅱ

目的 对萝卜秦艽的化学成分进行研究.方法 采用大孔树脂、薄层色谱和硅胶柱色谱等方法进行分离纯化,通过理化方法和波谱数据进行结构鉴定.结果 从体积分数95%乙醇提取物大孔树脂体积分数95%乙醇洗脱物中分离并鉴定了10个化合物,分别为phlomisoic acid(Ⅰ)、phlomisoside Ⅴ(Ⅱ)、phlomisosideⅢ(Ⅲ)、三十烷酸(Ⅳ)、三十烷酸对羟基苯乙酯(Ⅴ)、邻苯二甲酸正丁异丁酯(Ⅵ)、棕榈酸(Ⅶ)、油酸(Ⅷ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅸ)和胡萝卜苷(Ⅹ).结论 除Ⅲ外,其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分得,其中Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ为首次从该属植物中分得,Ⅱ为一新化合物.     

金银花中裂环环烯醚萜苷类化学成分研究

目的 系统研究金银花Lonicera japonica水提物中的化学成分.方法 利用D101、Sephadex LH-20、硅胶等各种柱色谱法进行分离纯化,通过波谱分析手段(IR、UV、NMR等)及化合物的理化性质进行结构鉴定.结果 从金银花水提物中分离得到7个裂环环烯醚萜苷类化合物,分别为:vogeloside(Ⅰ)、7-epi-vogeloside(Ⅱ)、secologanic acid(Ⅲ)、sweroside(Ⅳ)、secoxyloganin(Ⅴ)、secologanoside(Ⅵ)、(E)-aldosecologanin(Ⅶ).结论 其中化合物Ⅲ和Ⅵ为首次从忍冬属植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅶ为迄今为止较为罕见的通过碳碳键相连的二聚体环烯醚萜苷.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.