FICTION技术在检测多发性骨髓瘤遗传学异常中的应用

目的 探讨联合免疫荧光和荧光原位杂交(FISH)的FICTION技术在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)遗传学异常检测中的应用价值.方法 采集18例MM患者和2例浆细胞白血病患者的骨髓标本,分离单个核细胞制作滴片.从细菌人工染色体文库中选取覆盖IgH、MMSET待测基因位点的质粒,用缺口平移法制备带有半抗原检测标签的核酸探针.在经CD138标记和酪胺信号放大的细胞滴片标本上,使用上述自制探针[t(4;14)、t(11;14)和t(14;16)]和商品化直标缺失探针(13q和p53)进行FISH检测.结果 20例患者标本均使用上述5种探针进行检测,其中检出t(4;14)4例,t(11;14)6例,t(14;16)1例,p53缺失3例,13q缺失8例;另有4例未检测出此5种异常.结论 应用FICTION技术原位分析骨髓中特定瘤细胞亚群的特征性遗传学异常,能够提高FISH检测的效率和敏感性,并可作为对MM患者遗传学分层诊断的初筛实验,指导治疗并判断预后.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of FICTION (Fluorescence Immunophenotyping and Interphase Cytogenetics as a Tool for the Investigation of Neoplasms) technique, combining immunofluorescence and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), to detect genetic aberrations in multiple myeloma (MM). Methods Bone marrow samples were collected from 18 MM and 2 plasma cell leukemia (PCL)patients. Probes targeting IgH and MMSET were prepared using a Nick Translation Kit from Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones. The immunophenotyping was achieved via the CD138 tyramide signal amplification (TSA)-mediated immunofluorescence, followed by FISH with the prepared probes [t (4;14), t (11;14), t(14;16)] and the commercial deletion probes (13q and p53) to detect common genetic aberrations in MM. Results All the 20 samples were assayed with the probes mentioned above, and revealed 4 cases with t(4;14) ,6 with t(11 ;14), 1 with t(14;16), 3 with p53 deletion; and 8 with 13q deletion. The remaining 4 cases had none of the 5 aberrations. Conclusion FICTION technique facilitates the detection of genetic abnormalities of MM in situ; enhances both efficiency and sensitivity of positive det~tion, thus, could be used as the screening test of molecular diagnosis of MM to guide coming-up risk-adapted therapy and evaluate prognosis.     

FICTION技术在检测多发性骨髓瘤遗传学异常中的应用

目的 探讨联合免疫荧光和荧光原位杂交(FISH)的FICTION技术在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)遗传学异常检测中的应用价值.方法 采集18例MM患者和2例浆细胞白血病患者的骨髓标本,分离单个核细胞制作滴片.从细菌人工染色体文库中选取覆盖IgH、MMSET待测基因位点的质粒,用缺口平移法制备带有半抗原检测标签的核酸探针.在经CD138标记和酪胺信号放大的细胞滴片标本上,使用上述自制探针[t(4;14)、t(11;14)和t(14;16)]和商品化直标缺失探针(13q和p53)进行FISH检测.结果 20例患者标本均使用上述5种探针进行检测,其中检出t(4;14)4例,t(11;14)6例,t(14;16)1例,p53缺失3例,13q缺失8例;另有4例未检测出此5种异常.结论 应用FICTION技术原位分析骨髓中特定瘤细胞亚群的特征性遗传学异常,能够提高FISH检测的效率和敏感性,并可作为对MM患者遗传学分层诊断的初筛实验,指导治疗并判断预后.     

多发性骨髓瘤细胞遗传学异常的研究进展

分子细胞遗传学技术的进步推动了多发性骨髓瘤的细胞遗传学研究,发现了该病遗传学改 变的一些特点和规律,并发现某些遗传学改变与疾病发病机制、疾病临床表现等有密切关系。这些发现不 仅有利于该病发病机制的研究,也为临床预后评估、指导治疗提供参考,同时为开发新疗法提供线索。     

间期荧光原位杂交技术检测多发性骨髓瘤基因组异常的临床意义

目的 探讨I-FISH技术检测MM基因组异常的临床意义.方法 应用CC技术(常规R显带)和I-FISH技术[包括GLP13q14(RB1基因)、GLP17p13.1(P53基因)、GLP13q14.3(D13S319)、GLP1q21及GLP14q32(IgH基因)DNA序列探针]分别对20例初治的MM患者(按Bataille分期,Ⅰ期7例、Ⅱ期5例、Ⅲ期8例)进行基因组检测;比较两种方法对MM染色体和基因组异常的检出率;并分析基因组异常与Bataille分期的关系.结果 CC技术从20例MM患者中检出1例[5%(1/20)]染色体异常,且为复杂核型--46,XX,-2,del(3)(p21),add(6)(q26),der(10)(q26),der(14)(32),+mar,inc[6].I-FISH检出12例[60%(12/20)]基因组异常,其中基因组异常发生频率在RB1、D13S319和P53均为30%(6/20),IgH和1q21均为20%(4/20);经配对χ2检验,I-FISH的检出率高于CC技术(χ2=9.09,P=0.001).在20例MM患者中,RB1基因异常的6例,Ⅰ期占1/20,Ⅱ期占1/20,Ⅲ期占4/20;D13S319异常的6例,Ⅰ期占2/20,Ⅱ期占1/20,Ⅲ期占3/20;P53基因异常的6例,Ⅰ期占2/20,Ⅲ期占4/20;1q21异常的4例,Ⅰ期和Ⅲ期占2/20;IgH基因异常的4例,Ⅰ期占1/20,Ⅲ期占3/20.结论 I-FISH对MM患者基因组异常检出率较高,其可检出不同Bataille分期的MM患者.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of I-FISH for detection of genomic abnormalities in MM. Methods Twenty newly diagnosed MM patients(seven cases at stage Ⅰ , five cases at stage Ⅱ and eight cases at stage Ⅲ according to Bataille staging) were analyzed by combining the technique of CC (R-binding stain) and I-FISH [ including GLP13q14 (RBI gene), GLP17p13. 1 (P53 gene),GLP13q14. 3(D13S319) ,GLP1q21 ,GLP14q32(IgH gene) DNA sequence probes]. These two methods were compared for the detection rates of chromosomal and genomic abnormalities in MM and the association between genomic abnormalities and Bataille stages was also analyzed. Results CC examination showed only 1 case [5% (1/20) ] was found complex chromosomal abnormalities--46,XX,-2,del(3) (p21) ,add(6)(q26) ,der(10)(q26),der(14)(q32), + mar, inc[6]. While I-FISH assay showed that 12 cases [60%(12/20) ] were found genomic abnormalities. The frequencies of RB1, D13S319 and P53 were all 30%(6/20), and the frequencies of IgH gene and 1q21 were both 20% (4/20). The detection rate of the I-FISH was much higher than CC (χ2 = 9. 09, P = 0. 001) according to paired χ2 test. Of 20 patients,6 cases had RB1 gene abnormality, 1 case at stage Ⅰ , 2 cases at stage Ⅱ and 4 cases at stage Ⅲ. Of 20 patients, 6 cases had D13S319 gene abnormality, 2 cases at stage Ⅰ , 1 case at stage Ⅱ and 3 cases at stage Ⅲ. Of 20 patients, 6 cases in 20 had P53 gene abnormality, 2 cases at stage Ⅰ and 4 cases at stage Ⅲ. Of 20 patients, 4 cases had 1q21 gene abnormality, 2 cases at stage Ⅰ and 2 cases at stage Ⅲ. Of 20 patients, 4 cases had IGH gene abnormality, 1 case at stage Ⅰ and 3 cases at stage Ⅲ. Conclusion Ⅰ-FISH has higher detection rate for the genomic abnormalities in MM and can be used in detection of MM patients in different Bataille stages.     

多发性骨髓瘤细胞遗传学异常的研究进展

分子细胞遗传学技术的进步推动了多发性骨髓瘤的细胞遗传学研究，发现了该病遗传学改变的一些特点和规律，并发现某些遗传学改变与疾病发病机制、疾病临床表现等有密切关系。这些发现不仅有利于该病发病机制的研究，也为临床预后评估、指导治疗提供参考，同时为开发新疗法提供线索。     

免疫组织化学联合荧光原位杂交技术检测多发性骨髓瘤分子细胞遗传学异常

目的 应用免疫组织化学（immunohistochemistry,IHC）联合荧光原位杂交（fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH）技术检测多发性骨髓瘤（multiple myeloma,MM）常见分子细胞遗传学异常.方法 对按照WHO诊断标准确诊的20例初诊MM患者,取骨髓组织石蜡包埋并切片,应用IHC技术对骨髓石蜡切片进行CD138单克隆抗体标记,选取CD138＋细胞丰富的骨髓石蜡切片,采用1q21/RB1、D13S319/p53、IGH三组序列特异性基因探针进行FISH检测.同时以10例非恶性血液病患者骨髓组织切片为对照建立各探针FISH检测的正常阈值,检测结果大于阈值为阳性,小于阈值为阴性.结果 （1）20例初诊MM患者中16例检出分子细胞遗传学异常（占80.0％）,其中1q21扩增5例（占25.0％）,RB1缺失6例（占30.0％）,D13S319缺失9例（占45.0％）,p53缺失3例（占15.0％）,IGH基因重排10例（占50.0％）.检出1种异常者5例（占25.0％）,同时有2种异常者6例（占30.0％）,3种异常者4例（20.0％）,4种异常者1例（占5.0％）.（2）IHC联合FISH技术检出率80％,而染色体G显带技术检出率10.0％,两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（3）按年龄＜50岁、50 ～60岁、＞60岁分组,分子细胞遗传学异常检出分别为5例（83.3％）、6例（100％）、5例（62.5％）,经Fisher检验,年龄＞60岁与其他两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（4）MM患者染色体与基因异常和其临床分型、分期之间,即p53基因与IgG型及Ⅲa期之间有关（P＜0.05）,染色体与基因异常以Ⅲ期和IgG型为主.结论 IHC联合FISH技术检测MM分子细胞遗传学异常有助于提高检测效率,明显优越于染色体G显带技术,同时可发现MM的分子细胞遗传学改变多数为复杂核型,且多数存在数目与结构异常.MM患者染色体和基因异常与其临床分型、分期、患者年龄之间具有相关性.     

荧光原位杂交技术在多发性骨髓瘤染色体异常检测中的应用

分子细胞遗传学技术，尤其是荧光原位杂交技术的应用，克服了传统细胞遗传学方法的缺陷，大大推动了多发性骨髓瘤的细胞遗传学研究，提高了多发性骨髓瘤染色体异常的检出率。各种荧光原位杂交技术互相补充可以提高染色体异常的检出率，这有利于促进分子生物学研究的进展，从而进一步了解该疾病的发病机制，最终开发新疗法，提高治愈率。     

多发性骨髓瘤分子细胞遗传学异常的研究

目的探讨多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的分子细胞遗传学异常。方法应用CD138单克隆抗体磁珠分选系统纯化23例初治MM患者的骨髓浆细胞，结合一组探针和间期荧光原位杂交技术检测MM患者13q14缺失、p53缺失以及IgH基因重排的发生率。结果23例MM患者中，10例（43．5％）13q14缺失。阳性率为79％-96％；11例（47．8％）IgH基因重排；7例（30．4％）有13q14缺失和IgH基因重排；所有病例均未检测到p53基因缺失。结论13q14缺失及IgH基因重排在MM患者中的发生率较高；13q14的缺失和IgH基因重排的发生率同疾病进展、预后的关系有待进一步研究。     

53例多发性骨髓瘤细胞遗传学研究

为了探讨多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)常规细胞遗传学(conventional cytogenetics,CC)及部分分子细胞遗传学特点,应用常规R显带方法,对53例MM患者进行染色体核型分析,并对其中20例患者采用荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术进行分子细胞遗传学分析。结果显示:53例MM患者染色体异常检出率为32.1%,其中涉及3种及3种以上染色体异常的占82.4%,染色体众数从44到90条不等。染色体核型异常涉及所有24条染色体,其中涉及1q21扩增、13q14缺失,17p13缺失及14q32易位中至少1种染色体异常的占70.6%,同时发现t(11;16)(p11;p13)等一些不常见的结构异常;还有一些在急慢性白血病中经常见到的异常。FISH检测结果显示:12例染色体核型正常的MM患者中有3例FISH检测阳性;8例染色体核型异常的患者中有5例FISH检测阳性。结论:大部分MM患者染色体异常核型比较复杂,具有明显的异质性;FISH分析可提高异常的检出率,但有局限性;常规细胞遗传学检测与FISH技术相结合可提高染色体异常的识别能力,有助于进一步认识和掌握MM细胞遗传学的特点,为临床诊断及治疗MM提供帮助。     

荧光原位杂交技术在多发性骨髓瘤染色体异常检测中的应用

分子细胞遗传学技术,尤其是荧光原位杂交技术的应用．克服了传统细胞遗传学方法的缺陷,大大推动了多发性骨髓瘤的细胞遗传学研究,提高了多发性骨髓瘤染色体异常的检出率。各种荧光原位杂交技术互相补充可以提高染色体异常的检出率,这有利于促进分子生物学研究的进展,从而进一步了解该疾病的发病机制,最终开发新疗法,提高治愈率。     

染色体13q14缺失在多发性骨髓瘤发生发展中的意义及对其临床预后的影响

Objective To determine the incidence and clinical significance of chromosome 13q14 deletion in multiple myeloma(MM). Methods Bone marrow samples were collected from 132 newly diagnosed MM patients referred to our hospital. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (i-FISH) combined ith magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) were performed on chromosome 13q14(RB-1). Results ①i-FISH was used to investigate CD138-enriched bone marrow MM cells and revealed a 13q14 deletion rate of 51.5% (68/132), while conventional cytogenetic (CC) analysis revealed 13q deletions/monosony13 (△13)only of 5.0% (6/120). ②Univariate analysis showed that 13q14 deletion rate by i-FISH ＞25%, bone marrow plasma cells ＞ 50%, ISS stage and β2 -MG ≥ 5.5 mg/L were associated with shorter overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that 13q14 deletion rate by i-FISH ＞ 25% was an independent unfavorable factor (P = 0.042). ③Patients treated with bortezomib had a much better response than those treated with traditional chemotherapy (P = 0. 001). There was no significant difference in OS between patients received bortezomib with and without 13q14 deletion (P ＞0.05), indicating that bortezomib could reverse the poor prognosis of 13q14 deletion. Conclusion ①i-FISH followed CD138 cell sorting appeares to be a highly sensitive method for detecting 13q14 deletion. ②13q14 deletion rate by i-FISH ＞25% is an independent unfavorable factor. ③Bortezomib could reverse the poor prognosis of l3q14 deletion.     

染色体13q14缺失在多发性骨髓瘤发生发展中的意义及对其临床预后的影响

Objective To determine the incidence and clinical significance of chromosome 13q14 deletion in multiple myeloma(MM). Methods Bone marrow samples were collected from 132 newly diagnosed MM patients referred to our hospital. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (i-FISH) combined ith magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) were performed on chromosome 13q14(RB-1). Results ①i-FISH was used to investigate CD138-enriched bone marrow MM cells and revealed a 13q14 deletion rate of 51.5% (68/132), while conventional cytogenetic (CC) analysis revealed 13q deletions/monosony13 (△13)only of 5.0% (6/120). ②Univariate analysis showed that 13q14 deletion rate by i-FISH ＞25%, bone marrow plasma cells ＞ 50%, ISS stage and β2 -MG ≥ 5.5 mg/L were associated with shorter overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that 13q14 deletion rate by i-FISH ＞ 25% was an independent unfavorable factor (P = 0.042). ③Patients treated with bortezomib had a much better response than those treated with traditional chemotherapy (P = 0. 001). There was no significant difference in OS between patients received bortezomib with and without 13q14 deletion (P ＞0.05), indicating that bortezomib could reverse the poor prognosis of 13q14 deletion. Conclusion ①i-FISH followed CD138 cell sorting appeares to be a highly sensitive method for detecting 13q14 deletion. ②13q14 deletion rate by i-FISH ＞25% is an independent unfavorable factor. ③Bortezomib could reverse the poor prognosis of l3q14 deletion.     

伴有多种FISH异常多发性骨髓瘤患者的预后分析

目的分析同时伴有2种及2种以上的荧光原位杂交(FISH)结果异常的多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者的预后情况,筛选预后较差的MM者。方法共计纳入2011年7月至2017年2月期间767例在长征医院就诊的初诊MM患者,所有患者初诊时均进行FISH检测,所检测的FISH异常包括IgH易位、t(4;14)、t(11;14)、t(14;16)、17p-、1q扩增、-13/13q-,分析所有FISH异常对预后的影响。结果多因素COX回归分析结果示1q扩增、17p-、t(4;14)是MM患者的独立不良预后因素,进一步将1q扩增、17p-、t(4;14)3种预后因素按不同组合将患者分为7组,仅伴有1q扩增患者295例(38%),仅伴有17p-患者37例(4.8%),仅伴有t(4;14)的患者38例(4.9%),同时伴有1q扩增和17p-的患者42例(5.4%),同时伴有1q扩增和t(4;14)的患者77例(10.0%),同时伴有t(4;14)和17p-的患者为6例(0.7%),同时伴有1q扩增、t(4;14)和17p-3种FISH异常的患者为13例(1.7%)。因最后2种情况患者例数较少,未纳入生存分析。前5组MM患者的3年无进展生存(PFS)率分别为:32.6%、27.0%、60.4%、27.3%、25.7%,3年总生存(OS)率分别为:63.0%、52.8%、86%、59.0%、55.2%。仅伴有1q扩增或仅伴有17p-的患者和同时伴有1q扩增及17p-患者比较,其OS差异无统计学意义(P=0.651,P=0.339)。结论 17p-和1q扩增为MM的高危预后因素,但同时伴有17p-和1q扩增的患者相较于仅单独伴有17p-或1q扩增的患者其不良预后风险并不增加。     

染色体13q14缺失在多发性骨髓瘤发生发展中的意义及对其临床预后的影响

目的 研究染色体13q14缺失在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者中的发生率及其临床意义.方法 对我院淋巴瘤中心132例初治MM患者骨髓标本行CD138免疫磁珠富集骨髓瘤细胞后,采用13q14(RB1)探针进行荧光原位杂交(FISH)检测,结合不同治疗方案分析其临床意义.结果 ①检出率:FISH检测13q14缺失率为51.5%,而常规染色体核型分析△l3(-13/13q-)检出率仅为5.0%.②单因素分析显示,13q14缺失比例＞25%、ISS分期为Ⅱ或Ⅲ期、血β2-MG≥5.5 mg/L、起病时骨髓涂片浆细胞比例＞0.500是不良预后因素.多因素分析显示,只有13q14缺失比例＞25%是独立的不良预后因素.硼替佐米与传统化疗相比可明显提高13q14缺失患者的近期疗效.应用硼替佐米后13q14缺失比例＞25%患者与缺失比例≤25%患者的总生存时间差异无统计学意义,提示硼替佐米能克服13q14缺失对预后的不良影响.结论 CD138磁珠分选后行FISH检测可以显著提高MM患者中13q14缺失的检出率;FISH检测MM患者13q14缺失比例＞25%是独立的预后不良因素,且与患者自身的肿瘤负荷、其他遗传学指标密切相关;硼替佐米可以克服13q14缺失对近期疗效的不良影响.

Abstract：

Objective To determine the incidence and clinical significance of chromosome 13q14 deletion in multiple myeloma(MM). Methods Bone marrow samples were collected from 132 newly diagnosed MM patients referred to our hospital. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (i-FISH) combined ith magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) were performed on chromosome 13q14(RB-1). Results ①i-FISH was used to investigate CD138-enriched bone marrow MM cells and revealed a 13q14 deletion rate of 51.5% (68/132), while conventional cytogenetic (CC) analysis revealed 13q deletions/monosony13 (△13)only of 5.0% (6/120). ②Univariate analysis showed that 13q14 deletion rate by i-FISH ＞25%, bone marrow plasma cells ＞ 50%, ISS stage and β2 -MG ≥ 5.5 mg/L were associated with shorter overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that 13q14 deletion rate by i-FISH ＞ 25% was an independent unfavorable factor (P = 0.042). ③Patients treated with bortezomib had a much better response than those treated with traditional chemotherapy (P = 0. 001). There was no significant difference in OS between patients received bortezomib with and without 13q14 deletion (P ＞0.05), indicating that bortezomib could reverse the poor prognosis of 13q14 deletion. Conclusion ①i-FISH followed CD138 cell sorting appeares to be a highly sensitive method for detecting 13q14 deletion. ②13q14 deletion rate by i-FISH ＞25% is an independent unfavorable factor. ③Bortezomib could reverse the poor prognosis of l3q14 deletion.     

荧光原位杂交技术检测5、7、8号染色体异常在骨髓增生异常综合征患者的应用

目的 应用荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)检测骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者的5、7、8号染色体,分析其改变的临床意义.方法 结合常规的细胞遗传学检查和FISH技术检测5、7、8号染色体.应用SPSS 11.5统计软件,对患者的遗传学异常及疾病的转归及预后进行分析.结果 30例患者常规遗传学检测与FISH检测结果如下:5号染色体异常为(6.7%)vs(16.7%);7号染色体异常为(6.7%)vs(16.7%);8号染色体异常为(16.7%)vs(30.0%).30例患者中存活13例,死亡15例,失访2例;其中9例转化为急性白血病.复杂核型及正常核型的缺失与患者的不良预后密切相关.结论 FISH技术能敏感地检测出小克隆异常,运用常规细胞遗传学技术结合多种探针进行分析,能对MDS患者的诊断、转归及预后进行更为准确的判断.