Reduced myocardial velocities of left ventricular long-axis contraction identify both systolic and diastolic heart failure-a comparison with brain natriuretic peptide

BACKGROUND: Echocardiographic diagnosis of radial fractional shortening or global ejection fraction fails to diagnose all patients with heart failure; about 40%, with apparently normal global systolic function, will have elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations and "pure" diastolic dysfunction. Screening methods do not include assessment of left ventricular (LV) longitudinal function, however, which is a more sensitive marker of subclinical disease. AIMS: We investigated the diagnostic potential of assessment of LV longitudinal function in suspected heart failure, in a comparison against BNP. METHODS: Fifty consecutive subjects (aged 65+/-12 years; 30 men) referred to a heart failure clinic with unexplained breathlessness were examined by echocardiography and had plasma BNP measured by fluorescence immunoassay. RESULTS: Global systolic function (ejection fraction) correlated moderately with log-transformed BNP (r=-0.54), as did global diastolic function (r=0.55 for estimated LV filling pressure, and r=-0.51 for transmitral flow propagation velocity), and radial systolic function (r=-0.60) (all p<0.001). The echocardiographic parameter that correlated best with BNP, however, was LV longitudinal systolic function (r=-0.78, p<0.001). By stepwise multiple regression analysis, BNP was predicted by longitudinal systolic velocity, in association with LV mass index and radial systolic velocity (r=0.81, r(2)=0.66, p<0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity of a longitudinal systolic velocity of 相似文献   

收缩性和舒张性心力衰竭患者脑利钠肽水平的对比分析

目的：探讨收缩性和舒张性心力衰竭患者血浆脑利钠肽（BNP）水平的差异和收缩性心力衰竭患者脉压与BNP水平的关系。方法：2005年10月至2006年7月在天津医科大学总医院心内科住院患者34例分为两组：收缩性心力衰竭组患者22例，舒张性心力衰竭组患者12例。采取静脉血测定血浆BNP浓度，行超声心动图检查，测量血压，计算脉压。结果：收缩性心力衰竭组的血浆BNP水平、左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDd）比舒张性心力衰竭组的高（p〈0．05～0．001）。收缩性心力衰竭患者BNP水平与脉压、收缩压、左室射血分数（LVEF）呈显著负相关（分别r=-0．58，P〈0．01；r=-0．50，P〈0．05；r=-0．62，P〈0．01），与LVEDd、右心室舒张末期内径（RVEDd）呈正相关（分别r=0．55，P〈0．05；r=0．57，P〈0．05）。结论：收缩性心力衰竭患者血浆BNP水平高于舒张性心力衰竭患者，其血浆BNP水平升高与脉压降低有关。     

脑钠肽在慢性心力衰竭中的作用

目的：研究脑钠肽（BNP）在慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者的病情评估及疗效评价方面的价值。方法：采用美国博适Triage检测仪,测定148例不同心功能NYHA分级的CHF患者的BNP浓度;及部分心功能NYHAm～Ⅳ级患者常规抗心力衰竭药物治疗后1～4周的BNP水平。结果：不同心功能NYHA分级的CHF患者的BNP水平间有显著性差异[Ⅱ级（362士192）pg／ml,Ⅲ级（792±318）pg／ml,Ⅳ级（2156±1065）pg／ml,P〈0．013;CHF患者经常规治疗后,随着NYHA心功能分级的改善,血液BNP水平明显下降,由（2153±1067）pg／ml降至（1012±564）pg／ml,P〈0．01。结论：BNP作为一客观指标对心力衰竭患者心功能的诊断和预后评估有重要作用。     

脑钠素在心力衰竭中的应用

目的：探讨血浆脑钠素(BNP)在心力衰竭诊断和鉴别诊断中的价值。方法：应用 BIOSITE 公司的 Triage BNP 干氏诊断方法检测健康对照组、心力衰竭患者和肺源性呼吸困难患者血浆脑钠素(BNP)水平,并进行比较。结果：心力衰竭组患者血浆-BNP 水平明显高于呼吸困难患者和健康对照者(P＜0.01),心衰程度越重,血浆脑钠素(BNP) 水平越高,NYHAⅡ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级三组两两比较有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论：血浆 BNP 检测是一种评估心力衰竭的良好方法,对鉴别心源性和肺源性呼吸困难很有意义。     

心力衰竭患者血清脑利钠肽浓度变化及其意义

目的:探讨充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血清脑利钠肽(BNP)浓度变化及其临床意义。方法:选择76例CHF患者(CHF组),32例有呼吸困难的非CHF患者(非CHF组)及30例健康成人(对照组),超声心动图测定左室射血分数(LVEF),酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清脑利钠肽(BNP)水平。比较各组血清BNP水平,并动态观察NYHA级、级患者治疗二周后BNP水平变化。结果:(1)心衰组BNP水平(853.6±258.3ng/L)明显高于有呼吸困难的非CHF组(110.1±22.4ng/L)及正常对照组(105.1±21.2ng/L),P<0.01,以113.0ng/L为正常上限值,BNP诊断CHF的灵敏度为100%,特异度为85.5%;(2)NYHA级、级和级的BNP水平分别为615.4±171.0ng/L、837.2±166.1ng/L和1025.7±252.8ng/L,组间比较P<0.01,BNP与左室射血分数呈负相关(r=-0.920,P<0.01);无效者治疗后BNP水平显著高于治疗前。结论:血清脑利钠肽(BNP)浓度有助于心衰的诊断,鉴别诊断和疗效评价。     

心力衰竭时N末端B型利钠肽原与B型利钠肽检测时受干扰的分析

目的 探讨心力衰竭(心衰)标志物N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)与B型利钠肽(BNP)检测结果对心衰评价的潜在干扰因素,为临床医生正确选择分析物与合理分析检验结果提供依据.方法 采用美国临床与实验室标准化协会(CLSI)颁布的EP15-A2文件验证NT-proBNP与BNP常用检测仪器"电化学发光免疫检测系统罗氏Cobas E601"和"化学发光免疫检测系统西门子ADVIA Centaur"对NT-proBNP与BNP检测的精密度和准确度,评价由于仪器本身原因造成的检测结果偏离.对患者标本在不同标本采集管和不同放置时间的检测结果进行对比分析,并采用EP7-A2文件探讨内源性干扰物(溶血、黄疸和脂血)对标本NT-proBNP与BNP检测的干扰,评价由于标本不合格造成的检测结果偏离.在保证仪器运行及标本采集均符合要求的情况下,对203例单纯心衰与急性脑梗死合并心衰患者的NT-proBNP与BNP进行检测,探讨由于患者本身伴有其他疾病造成的检测结果干扰.结果 Cobas E601与ADVIA Centaur对NT-proBNP与BNP检测均具有良好的重复性,总不精密度分别小于2.9%与3.5%,与定值校准品的偏差分别小于2.38%与3.91%,符合临床检测要求.NT-proBNP与BNP的最适标本类型分别为血清和EDTA抗凝血浆,二者可室温稳定保存至少120 min;血红蛋白(2g/L)、直接胆红素(428μmol/L)、乳糜(2000 FIU)不会对NT-proBNP和BNP的检测造成影响.相对于单纯心衰患者,急性脑梗死患者NT-proBNP水平会明显抬高(P=0.003),而BNP仅在急性脑梗死合并Ⅲ级心衰患者体内明显升高(P＜0.01).结论 NT-proBNP与BNP的检测仪器性能应符合临床要求,虽然检测仪器具有较强的抗干扰能力,但合理选择标本类型仍然是正确获得检测结果的关键.在评价合并有其他疾病的心衰时,应客观分析NT-proBNP与BNP的诊断价值.

Abstract：

Objective To find the potential interference factors for the detection of NT-proBNP and BNP in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods EP15-A2 issued by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) was employed to compare the precision and accuracy of commercial NT-proBNP and BNP analyzer electrochemiluminescence immunoassay system Cobas E601 and chemiluminescence system ADVIA Centaur. Moreover, NT-proBNP and BNP were detected in different time interval and in different interfered sampling conditions (haematolysis, choloplania, lipemia). NT-proBNP and BNP of 203 patients with heart failure or heart failure complicated with acute cerebral infarction were analyzed to find the deviation caused by patients' endogenous factors. Results The precision and accuracy were comparable for NT-proBNP and BNP detection using Cobas E601 and ADVIA Centaur (total-CV below 2. 9% and 3.5%, the deviation from definite value below 2. 38% and 3.91% ). The most suitable sample type for NT-proBNP and BNP detection was serum and EDTA- anticoagulant plasma. The detection results of NT-proBNP and BNP were comparable for at least 120 min post sampling and not affected by Hb(2 g/L), DB(428 μmol/L) and chyle(2000FIU). NT-proBNP was significantly higher in heart failure patients complicated with cerebral infarction( P =0. 003) than in heart failure patients. BNP was significantly higher in heart failure grade Ⅲ patients complicated with cerebral infarction ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusions Cobas E601 and ADVIA Centaur supplied satisfactory detection of NT-proBNP and BNP in patients with chronic heart failure with strong anti-interference capacity. The diagnostic value of NT-proBNP and BNP for chronic heart failure should be analyzed objectively in the presence of complicating diseases.     

慢性心力衰竭患者血红细胞压积与脑钠肽关系的临床观察

目的：探讨慢性心力衰竭患者的血红细胞压积（HCT）与脑钠肽（BNP）的关系。方法：入选在我院心内科治疗的非瓣膜性慢性心衰的患者110例,采用回顾性横断面研究,根据左室射血分数（LVEF）值分成3组：LVEF〈40%组（心衰Ⅰ组,37例）、40%≤LVEF〈50%组（心衰Ⅱ组,34例）和LVEF≥50%组（心衰Ⅲ组,39例）（舒张性心衰）;另选30例LVEF〉50%且无心衰症状的患者作为正常对照组,检测各组HCT和BNP水平,并进行比较分析。结果：与正常对照组患者比较,慢性心衰Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ组患者随着LVEF水平降低,HCT[（41.1±2.7）%比（35.4±3.7）%比（32.9±1.5）%比（29.8±4.2）%]水平明显降低（P均〈0.05）,BNP[（182.3±86.8）pg/ml比（652.8±151.3）pg/ml比（874.2±201.8）pg/ml比（1342.2±325.1）pg/ml]水平明显升高（P均〈0.01）;Pearson直线相关分析显示,HCT与BNP呈负相关（R2=0.6716,P〈0.01）。结论：慢性心力衰竭患者血红细胞压积水平与心衰严重程度有关,与脑钠肽呈负相关,血红细胞压积可以作为心衰的预测指标。     

生长激素和脑利钠肽在慢性心力衰竭诊断中的对比研究

目的通过测定不同病因所致充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者血清脑利钠肽（BNP）和生长激素（GH）的水平变化,对比观察两者在CHF中的诊断价值及其灵敏度和特异度。方法将受试对象分为非心衰组30例和心衰组72例。心衰组中冠心病31例,高血压病12例,风湿性心脏病16例,扩张型心肌病13例。其中NYHA心功能分级Ⅱ级组22例,Ⅲ级组20例,Ⅳ级组30例。用酶联免疫法测定血清BNP和GH的浓度,同时行心脏彩色多普勒超声测定左室舒张末内径（LVED）和左室射血分数（LVEF）。结果心衰组BNP水平较非心衰组显著升高（P〈0.001）;GH水平较非心衰组升高（P〈0.05）。在不同病因组间,BNP和GH均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。BNP和GH诊断心衰的ROC曲线下面积为BNP〉GH,灵敏度和特异度BNP均优于GH（P〈0.05）。BNP和GH均与心功能级别呈正相关,P值均为〈0.001。结论⑴BNP和GH均有助于CHF的诊断;⑵BNP诊断CHF的灵敏度和特异度均优于GH。⑶二者单用对于心衰诊断的灵敏度高于联合应用,可用于筛选;BNP和GH联合应用可提高特异度,降低假阳性率,减少筛选成本。     

厄贝沙坦对慢性心衰患者血清脑利钠肽及心功能的影响

目的:探讨厄贝沙坦对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血清脑利钠肽(BNP)水平及心功能的影响。方法:选择CHF患者(NYHA心功能Ⅱ～Ⅳ级)76例,随机分为两组:常规治疗对照组(36例),给予常规的利尿、强心、扩血管治疗;试验组(40例),在常规治疗基础上,加用厄贝沙坦,75～150mg,每日1次口服,连用12周。对比分析治疗前后两组患者血清BNP水平、NYHA分级、心率、心胸比例、超声心动图等指标的变化。结果:试验组较常规治疗对照组心胸比例、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)显著下降[(0.58±0.05):(0.62±0.09),(56.1±9.4)mm:(60.0±8.7)mm,P均0.05]。左室射血分数(LVEF)显著升高[(0.50±0.09):(0.42±0.12),P0.05],血清BNP水平显著降低[(676.8±226.3)mg/L:(878.6±119.8)mg/L,P0.05]。且血清BNP的降低程度与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.920,P0.01)。结论:厄贝沙坦结合常规抗心衰治疗能够有效抑制慢性心力衰竭患者神经内分泌的过度激活,逆转心室重构,改善心功能,疗效优于单纯常规药物治疗。而BNP水平与心功能密切相关,可作为治疗CHF的监测指标之一。     

老年心力衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽与N末端B型钠尿肽影响因素的探讨

目的 探讨老年心力衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽(BNP)和N末端B型钠尿肽(NT-proBNP)水平与心力衰竭严重程度、左心室功能等因素的关系,以及肾功能对BNP和NT-proBNP值的影响.方法采用免疫荧光分析法测定106例住院心力衰竭患者BNP水平,采用电化学发光免疫分析法测定48例住院心力衰竭患者NT-proBNP水平.均用心脏彩色多普勒超声诊断仪测定左心室收缩功能,心力衰竭按纽约分级(NYHA). 结果 BNP≤400 ng/L和>400 ng/L患者,左心射血分数(EF)值<45.0%者分别为16.4%和46.8%(χ~2=13.93,P=0.001);心脏彩超A峰、E峰流速比值(E/A)<1者分别为62.3%和40.4%,(χ~2-22.19,P=0.024);肌酐>107 μmol/L者分别为13.1%和38.3%(χ~2=11.31,P=0.002).NT-proBNP≤1800 ng/L和>1800 ng/L患者,EF值<45%者分别为25.0%和58.3%,(χ~2=10.00,P=0.019);E/A≤1者分别为70.1%和20.8%;肌酐>107μmol/L分别为20.8%,和50.0%(χ~2=8.50,P=0.035). 结论 老年心力衰竭患者血浆BNP及NT-proBNP水平随着心力衰竭严重程度的增加而升高,并能较好反映左室功能;肾脏功能对BNP及NT-proBNP水均有影响.     

Pre-discharge B-type natriuretic peptide predicts early recurrence of decompensated heart failure in patients admitted to a general medical unit

BACKGROUND: B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) represents a promising predictor of early (30 days) re-admission in patients with heart failure (HF) admitted to cardiology units. Whether BNP retains its predictive value in unselected patients admitted to general medical wards is unknown. METHODS: We determined BNP levels on admission and pre-discharge in 100 consecutive patients (71 male, mean age 78+/-10 years) admitted to a general medical unit due to decompensated HF. Follow-up after discharge was 30 days. RESULTS: Of the 100 patients, 86 had >/=1 comorbid conditions. Median BNP was 739 pg/ml on admission (25th-75th percentile 355-1333 pg/ml, respectively), and 414 pg/ml pre-discharge (25th-75th percentile 220-696 pg/ml). Seventeen patients were re-admitted or died within 30 days. Patients with pre-discharge BNP values >75th percentile (696 pg/ml) had greater risk of re-hospitalisation, as compared to values 75th percentile were associated with a 15.0 independent relative hazard (RH) of early re-admission or death (95% CI 4.2-53.8; p<0.0001). The other independent predictor was a NYHA class >/=III at discharge (RH 2.9; 95% CI 1.1-9.3; p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In a general medical unit, pre-discharge BNP levels were a strong independent predictor of early re-admission or death due to HF, irrespective of substantial comorbidity and advanced age.     

Chronic heart failure as a state of reduced effectiveness of the natriuretic peptide system: implications for therapy

Natriuretic peptides (NPs) promote diuresis, natriuresis and vasodilation in early chronic heart failure (CHF), countering renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) overstimulation. Despite dramatic increases in circulating NP concentrations as CHF progresses, their effects become blunted. Increases in diuresis, natriuresis, and vasodilation after administration of exogenous atrial (ANP) or brain (BNP) natriuretic peptides are attenuated in patients with advanced CHF compared with controls. Several major factors may account for the reduced effectiveness of the natriuretic peptide system (NPS) in CHF. First, there is reduced availability of active forms of NPs, namely BNP. Second, target organ responsiveness becomes diminished. Third, the counter‐regulatory hormones of the RAAS and SNS, and endothelin‐1 become over‐activated. Therefore, pharmacological approaches to enhance the functional effectiveness of the NPS in CHF have been explored in recent years. In terms of clinical outcomes, studies of synthetic BNP, or of neprilysin inhibitors alone or associated with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, have been controversial for several reasons. Recently, however, encouraging results have been obtained with the angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril/valsartan. The available data show that treatment with sacubitril/valsartan is associated with increased levels of NPs and their intracellular mediator cyclic guanosine monophosphate, suggesting improved functional effectiveness of the NPS, in addition to beneficial effects on mortality and morbidity outcomes. Therefore, combined targeting of the NPS and RAAS with sacubitril/valsartan emerges as the current optimal approach for redressing the neurohormonal imbalance in CHF.     

重组人脑利钠肽对老年充血性心力衰竭的疗效评价

目的：研究静脉注射重组人脑利钠肽（rhBNP）治疗老年充血性心力衰竭患者的疗效。方法：118例老年充血性心力衰竭患者被随机分为：常规治疗组（56例）,给予常规药物治疗;rhBNP组（n=62）,以rhBNP 1.5μg/kg静脉注射后,再以0.0075μg/kg连续滴注;观察两组治疗前后超声心动图变化,血浆N末端脑利钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）浓度的变化以及出院后患者主要心血管事件的发生情况。结果：与治疗前比较,治疗5d后rhBNP组左室射血分数明显提高[（0.37±0.10）∶（0.44±0.09）,P〈0.05];两组血浆NT-proBNP水平均有明显下降[常规治疗组（7532.7±1005.6）pg/ml∶（7056.5±998.3）pg/ml,rhBNP组（7565.1±1102.3）pg/ml∶（6206.7±1137.9）pg/ml,P〈0.05],且rhBNP治疗组下降更明显（P〈0.05）;两组患者治疗前后左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDd）无明显变化（P〉0.05）;在8个月的随访期内rhBNP组心脏不良事件少于常规治疗组（9.7%∶28.6%）。结论：重组人脑利钠肽是治疗老年充血性心力衰竭的有效药物。     

慢性心力衰竭患者血浆脑利钠肽浓度变化的临床研究

目的:评估慢性心力衰竭患者脑利钠肽(BNP)浓度变化的临床价值。方法:68例慢性心力衰竭患者依NYHA心功能分级分别采用免疫荧光检测技术及超声心功图于入院即刻、治疗2周分别进行BNP水平检测,测定左心室舒张期内径(LVEDd),左室射血分数(LVEF)。结果:血浆BNP浓度与心衰的严重程度呈正相关(r=0.8542,P<0.05),随心功能好转,BNP下降,BNP与LVEDd呈正相关(r=0.701,P<0.01),与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.725,P<0.05)。结论:血浆BNP浓度反映心衰严重程度,可作为判断心功能不全,预测其预后的指标。     

心力衰竭患者B型利钠肽的测定与评价

目的:研究B型利钠肽(BNP)在心力衰竭诊断中的应用。方法:采用双抗夹心免疫荧光法检测342例患者的BNP浓度。其中充血性心衰(CHF,心源性)组179例,肺源性心衰组27例,无心衰的对照组136例。结果:(1)在无心衰对照组中,年龄小于55岁组的心源性浓度均值为(35.10±31.93)pg/ml,55～64岁组为(42.85±34.55)pg/ml,65～74岁组为(58.23±25.37)pg/ml,≥75岁组为(60.66±48.95)pg/ml,各组间BNP浓度均值虽随年龄呈上升趋势但无显著差异;(2)对照组中男性BNP浓度为(42.83±38.01)pg/ml,女性为(49.47±48.14)pg/ml,两者无显著差异;(3)在342例患者中BNP以100pg/ml为CHF的判断值时,其敏感性达92.8%,特异性达83.2%,阳性预测值达86.2%,阴性预测值达91.2%;(4)CHF(心源性)患者的BNP浓度均值为(1019.13±972.88)pg/ml,肺源性心衰组为(299.88±275.5)pg/ml,对照组为(45.86±42.89)pg/ml,CHF(心源性)组BNP水平显著高于其他两组,肺源性心衰组又显著高于对照组(P均<0.001)。结论:BNP测定不仅可以作为CHF诊断的一个重要指标,还可用于参考性区分心源性心衰和肺源性心衰,为选择治疗方案提供依据。     

B型利钠肽治疗充血性心力衰竭随机对照试验的分析

目的:了解B型利钠肽(BNP)治疗对心衰患者血流动力学的效应及其安全性和耐受性。方法:以充血性心衰为主题词,B-typenatriureticpeptide和nesiritide分别为文本词,对Medline数据库检索临床随机对照试验(RCT),对各试验的方法学和结果等进行评价。结果:8个临床随机对照试验被纳入,结果是BNP的人工合成制剂nesiritide使肺毛细血管楔压(PCWP)平均降低4.06mmHg,95%CI[-4.79,-3.33],P<0.00001,心脏指数(CI)增加0.08L/min·m2,95%CI[0.02,0.15],P=0.01,低血压发生率增加,RR=3.36[2.15,5.26],P=0.01,心动过缓发生高于对照,RR=4.99[1.70,14.60],P=0.003,而室性心律失常两组相似。结论:BNP能有效改善心衰患者血流动力学,改善近期预后,呈剂依赖;明显降低严重心衰患者且危险因素≥4个患者的远期死亡率;Nesiritide治疗虽存在低血压等诸多副作用,但一般患者均能耐受。     

A direct comparison of the natriuretic peptides and their relationship to survival in chronic heart failure of a presumed non-ischaemic origin

The natriuretic peptides have been validated as sensitive and specific markers of left ventricular dysfunction; brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal atrial natriuretic peptide (NT-proANP) and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) elevations have been associated with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class I-IV heart failure. We directly compared the association of each of these markers with 1-year survival in 173 patients with chronic heart failure of a presumed nonischaemic origin entering the PRAISE-2 Trial, a clinical study which assessed the therapeutic effect of Amlodipine in patients with NYHA Class III and IV heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <30%. BNP, NT-proBNP, and NT-proANP levels were all correlated with 1-year mortality by univariate Cox proportional hazards analyses. With respect to multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models containing variables deemed significant in univariate analyses, NT-proANP alone was identified as an independent predictor of 1-year mortality when log-transformed continuous covariates were utilized in the analysis. When the analysis was repeated using dichotomous covariates, NT-proANP remained the most significant predictor of 1-year mortality, followed by NT-proBNP, NYHA classification and BNP. We conclude that all three natriuretic peptides are significant predictors of short-term mortality in subjects with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) of a presumed nonischaemic origin. Larger prospective studies are required to validate the clinical utility of NT-proANP as a discriminating marker of short-term survival, and to validate proposed cutoffs of approximately 2300 pmol/l for NT-proANP, 1500 pg/ml for NT-proBNP, and 50 pmol/l for BNP as prognostic indicators of adverse short-term outcome.