不同发育天数囊胚冻融移植后妊娠结局分析

目的比较不同发育天数冻融囊胚移植后的妊娠结局。方法回顾性分析1 176例行冻融囊胚移植患者的临床资料,其中植入前遗传学诊断(preimplantation genetic diagnosis,PGD)周期135例,比较第5日单囊胚移植(single embryo transfer,SET)组、双囊胚移植(double embryo transfer,DET)组与第6日SET组和DET组的妊娠结局。结果同是优质囊胚级别的条件下,第5日DET组的生化妊娠率(56.91%)、临床妊娠率(53.25%)以及多胎妊娠率(1.20%)显著高于其他组(P0.05);第5日DET组与SET组的胚胎着床率无统计学差异(P0.05),但均显著高于第6日DET组和SET组(P0.05);同级别以及PGD周期中第5日和第6日SET组相比较,第5日组的生化妊娠率、胚胎着床率均显著高于第6日组(P0.05)。结论在同是优质囊胚的条件下,第5日SET、DET及经PGD诊断的SET妊娠结局均优于第6日。     

冻融后单囊胚移植临床分析

目的探讨冻融后单囊胚移植的临床结局及可行性分析。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2012年12月在云南省第一人民医院生殖医学中心接受冷冻囊胚移植的1959个周期的资料,将冻融后单囊胚移植(single frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer,SFBT)与双囊胚移植(double frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer,DFBT)分组比较,统计分析两组临床结局。结果两组间比较胚胎种植率、流产率、异位妊娠率差异无统计学意义(P0.05);临床妊娠率46.3%vs.59.5%,活产率33.3%vs.44.1%,双胎率0.6%vs.23.5%,早产率1.4%vs.4.5%,低体重儿率1.2%vs.5.2%,SFBT组均低于DFBT组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。SFBT妊娠组与非妊娠组间比较年龄、胚胎的发育速度、碎片比例、卵裂球均匀度,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论为避免多胎妊娠,降低母婴并发症,实施SFBT是一项有效可行的措施。年龄和D3胚胎形态对SFBT的临床结局无显著影响。     

人绒毛膜促性腺激素对自然周期冻融囊胚移植妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨自然周期冻融囊胚移植周期中,使用人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)诱发排卵对妊娠结局的影响。方法:前瞻性随机对照研究2014年5月至2015年2月就诊于山东大学附属生殖医院的不孕症患者192例,随机分为HCG组(98例)和非HCG组(94例),统计分析其临床妊娠率、活产率及流产率。结果:HCG组和非HCG组的临床特征(年龄、内膜厚度、移植胚胎数等)、临床妊娠率(66.3%vs 72.3%,P=0.44)、活产率(58.2%vs 68.1%,P=0.16)以及流产率(10.8%vs 4.4%,P=0.2)比较,均无统计学意义。根据既往妊娠史将患者分为原发性不孕症(126例)和继发性不孕症(66例)两个亚组。继发性不孕症患者中,HCG组(n=35)较非HCG组(n=31)的临床妊娠率(45.7%vs93.5%,P0.001)、活产率(37.1%vs 87.1%,P0.001)均明显降低,差异有统计学意义。原发性不孕症患者中,HCG和非HCG组的各项临床结局比较,差异均无统计学意义。结论:自然周期冻融囊胚移植过程中,使用HCG诱发排卵不影响患者的临床妊娠率及活产率;但对继发性不孕症患者的临床妊娠率及活产率可能存在不良影响。     

冻融囊胚移植周期生化妊娠相关因素分析

目的分析冻融囊胚移植周期中导致生化妊娠的相关因素。方法回顾性分析行冻融囊胚移植后生化妊娠的70个周期的临床资料,以同期冻融囊胚移植后正常宫内妊娠的336个周期为对照,比较影响生化妊娠相关因素。结果生化妊娠组年龄比正常宫内妊娠组大,合并亚临床甲状腺功能减退(SCH)及未治疗或治疗后仍不正常的患者生化妊娠组更多,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论重视高龄患者、胚胎移植前纠正SCH,有助于降低冻融囊胚移植周期生化妊娠发生率。     

冻融周期行单囊胚移植的可行性探讨

辅助生殖技术的最终目的是让不孕、不育夫妇获得一个健康的孩子[1].然而,传统的辅助生殖技术治疗获得的多胎妊娠率超过25％,比自然妊娠的多胎妊娠率高几十倍,进而使妊娠并发症的发生率和新生儿病率大大增加[2 ].因此,多胎妊娠被认为是一种辅助生殖技术的并发症,而不是成功的助孕结果[3].如何不降低总体妊娠率又避免多胎妊娠一直是辅助生殖技术中面临的主要挑战.     

重复性异位妊娠75例临床分析

重复性异位妊娠（recurrent ectopic pregnancy，REP）是指首次异位妊娠经手术或保守治疗后，再次在子宫外的输卵管、卵巢或腹腔内妊娠。近年REP发病率呈上升趋势，并且多为未育年轻患者，危害甚大。1990年Langer等。报道，118例保守治疗的异位妊娠，肉眼观察对侧输卵管正常，REP发生率7．7％，对侧输卵管状态与REP密切相关。     

子宫畸形重复性异位妊娠2例报道

<正>患者,女,G2P1,28岁,主因"停经9周,发现妊娠子宫畸形1月"于2013年8月6日收入院。患者平素月经规律,3~4天/30天,量中,偶有痛经,LMP 2013年6月2日。2012年曾行剖宫产术。停经1月自测尿妊娠实验阳性,于当地医院行B超检查为"双子宫",给予口服米非司酮50mg,间隔12h 1次,共3次,口服米索前列醇600μg。超声复查胚胎仍存活,加服米索前列醇     

输卵管积水患者冻融胚胎移植周期移植卵裂胚及囊胚妊娠结局的对比分析

目的:对比分析输卵管积水患者冻融胚胎移植(FET)周期中卵裂期胚胎及囊胚移植的妊娠结局。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年12月在空军军医大学唐都医院生殖医学中心合并输卵管积水患者行FET助孕的235个周期。根据移植不同时期胚胎,分为两组:卵裂胚组(n=132);囊胚组(n=103)。收集患者一般资料,包括女方年龄、男方年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、抗苗勒管激素(AMH)、不孕类型、不孕年限、不孕因素、输卵管积水诊断方式及分布情况、FET周期子宫内膜准备方案、移植日子宫内膜厚度及形态、移植次数、移植胚胎数、辅助孵化(AH);比较两组临床妊娠率、种植率、异位妊娠率、流产率及活产率等差异。结果:两组患者一般情况差异无统计学意义。FET周期临床资料中,移植胚胎数(1.88±0.33个vs 1.04±0.19个,P0.05)及AH比率(30.30%vs 23.30%,P0.05)卵裂胚组均显著高于囊胚组;移植日子宫内膜形态两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。妊娠结局中,临床妊娠率(42.42%vs 47.57%,P0.05)、种植率(30.12%vs 46.73%,P0.05)及活产率(36.36%vs 42.72%,P0.05)囊胚组均显著高于卵裂胚组,而异位妊娠率(8.93%vs 4.08%,P0.05)囊胚组显著低于卵裂胚组,两组流产率差异无统计学意义。通过多元回归模型校正后,临床妊娠率(OR 1.66,95%CI 1.06～2.52,P0.05)、种植率(OR 1.75,95%CI 1.46～3.18,P0.05)、异位妊娠率(OR 0.40,95%CI 0.01～0.92,P0.05)及活产率(OR 1.87,95%CI 1.49～3.07,P0.05),两组间差异有统计学意义。结论:对于输卵管积水患者,相较于移植卵裂期胚胎,FET周期行囊胚移植临床妊娠率、种植率及活产率更高,异位妊娠率更低,妊娠结局更好。【     

复苏囊胚移植妊娠自然流产原因分析

目的:探讨冷冻复苏囊胚移植妊娠中自然流产的原因。方法:回顾性分析冷冻复苏囊胚移植妊娠病例108例,根据是否自然流产分为流产组(n=20)和继续妊娠组(n=88),应用Logistic回归分析可能影响妊娠结局的因素,并且分析了部分流产病例的胚胎染色体结果。结果:复苏囊胚移植总自然流产率为18.50%(20/108),早期自然流产率为16.67%(18/108),早期流产占总流产的90%(18/20)。流产组年龄大于继续妊娠组(33.3±4.0岁vs31.0±3.6岁,P=0.02),10例染色体检查结果中7例为异常染色体,非整倍体是常见的异常核型。结论:染色体异常可能是冷冻复苏囊胚移植妊娠中自然流产的最常见原因,流产与年龄增大有关。     

单囊胚移植在冻融周期中应用的效果观察

目的:探讨单囊胚移植在冻融周期中应用的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月至12月,在我院生殖中心冻融周期行单囊胚移植患者的临床妊娠结局。结果:共复苏447周期,复苏囊胚488个,平均复苏囊胚1.09个,囊胚存活率91.60%(447/488)。移植447周期,胚胎种植率45.86%(205/477),临床妊娠率45.86%(205/477),单卵双胎率2.93%(6/205),流产率15.61%(32/205),活胎分娩率79.02%(162/205)。结论:冻融周期行单囊胚移植能获得可接受的临床妊娠率和活胎分娩率,且多胎妊娠率明显降低,为提高辅助生殖技术效率及其临床应用提供了依据。     

Frozen blastocyst transfer reduces incidence of ectopic pregnancy compared with fresh blastocyst transfer: a meta-analysis

Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the main cause of maternal death during early pregnancy. Blastocyst transfer (BT) reduces EP rates compared with cleavage stage embryo transfer (ET), and frozen ET reduces EP rates compared with fresh ET. However, data comparing the EP rate of fresh BT and frozen BT are limited. The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine whether frozen BT decreases the EP rate compared with fresh BT.

Materials and methods: PUBMED, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for papers with no limitation on language and publication year. A systemic literature search identified 14 studies which met the inclusion criteria for further analysis. EP rate is our only outcome measure. All statistical analyses were carried out using RevMan software [version 5.3]. Random effects models were chosen to calculate the odds ratio (OR).

Results: Fourteen retrospective studies (n?=?251,762 cycles) were finally analyzed, including 154,214 and 97,548 cycles undergoing fresh and frozen BT, respectively. Compared with fresh BT, the frozen BT was associated with an decrease in EP rate [OR?=?1.79; 95% confidence interval (CI)?=?1.37–2.34, heterogeneity was 71%], the EP rate was 1.74% (2683/154,214 pregnancies) for fresh BT and 0.97% (949/97,548 pregnancies) for frozen BT. The number of embryos transferred in subgroup analysis found that the incidence of EP in frozen BT is lower than fresh BT (OR?=?1.62; 95% CI?=?1.38–1.91), the EP rate was 1.2% (206/16,610 pregnancies) for one fresh BT and 0.8% (153/19,569 pregnancies) for one frozen BT, also the EP rate was 1.9% (78/4043 pregnancies) for two fresh BT and 1.1% (19/1790 pregnancies) for two frozen BT.

Conclusions: Our meta-analysis found that frozen BT was associated with an decrease in EP rate compared with fresh BT in IVF/ICSI patients. We also found that a single frozen BT is the better choice as a method to reduce the incidence of EP.     

Previous tubal ectopic pregnancy raises the incidence of repeated ectopic pregnancies in In Vitro fertilization-embryo transfer patients

Purpose  To investigate the incidence of Tubal Ectopic Pregnancies (TEP) in IVF-ET patients with respect to the status of the fallopian tubes after a previous TEP. Material and methods  This retrospective study compares patients undergoing 481 IVF-ET cycles after conservatively or surgically treated TEP(s) with a Control Group (idiopathic or male factor for IVF-ET indication). Medical reports of surgery and/or hysterosalpingograms prior to the IVF cycles classified the status of the fallopian tubes. Results  12 TEPs (8.95%/Pregnancies (PR)) occurred in the Study Group. In the Control Group one TEP (0.75%/PR; p < 0.001) was found. Smoking increased the probability of TEPs (p = 0.0028) and of pathological pregnancies (abortion, biochemical and ectopic PR; (p = 0.0411)). For statistic evolution logistic regression (PROC GENMOD) and a repeated measure model were applied. Conclusion  Women with a previous TEP should be informed about the significantly increased risk for a further TEP in IVF-ET treatment, especially if they are smoking. Capsule Tubes after a Tubal ectopic pregnancy (TEP) and smoking lead to a significant higher number of repeated TEPs in following IVF-ET programs.     

Frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer in natural cycle increase implantation rates compared artificial cycle

Abstract

Objective: To analyze global outcomes in frozen-thawed embryo transfer according to endometrial preparation with natural cycle and artificial cycle taking into account the developmental stage of the embryo.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study, held in a tertiary-care university hospital with 1265 cycles for frozen-thawed embryo transfer of 860 patients, performed between January 2014 and December 2017. A total of 1097 embryo transfers were performed: 163 transfers in natural cycle (N), 531 in artificial cycle: transdermal estrogens and 403 with oral estrogens.

Results: Demographical factors were similar in the three groups studied. When comparing the number of embryos transferred, the quality and the stage of embryos within the three groups there were no differences. Implantation rates were significantly higher in natural cycle. When adjusted depending on the developmental stage, blastocyst embryos transferred in natural cycle preparation had the highest implantation rate. Multiple pregnancies were also higher in natural cycle preparation. There were no significant difference between the groups in the clinical pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy, live birth, and miscarriages.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that a natural cycle endometrial preparation assessing the disappearance of the dominant follicle by ultrasound increases implantation rates, especially when transferring blastocysts.     

Frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles: clinical outcomes of single and double blastocyst transfers

Purpose  

To evaluate clinical outcomes of frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles when one or two blastocysts are transferred.     

复苏周期中单/双囊胚移植患者的临床结局比较

目的:探讨复苏周期单囊胚和双囊胚移植对患者妊娠结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析行囊胚冷冻-复苏患者2 021例,其中单囊胚复苏移植组(A组)326例,双囊胚复苏移植组(B组)1 695例。比较单/双囊胚复苏移植对患者临床结局的影响及新生儿情况分析。结果:A组胚胎着床率、临床妊娠率、早产率、多胎率、低体质量儿率分别显著低于B组(P0.05);A组早期流产率、新生儿体质量、身长以及Apgar评分均显著高于B组(P0.05)。结论:单囊胚移植能够明显降低多胎率及产科风险。     

Morphologically poor blastocysts could affect the implantation rate of a morphologically good blastocyst during a double‐blastocyst transfer for patients who have experienced repeated implantation failures

Purpose

Increasing the number of transferred blastocysts sometimes is selected for patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF). To confirm this strategy, the pregnancy rates (PRs) were compared among the groups who had transferred either a single morphologically good blastocyst (MGB group), double blastocysts with both a MGB and a morphologically poor blastocyst (MGB + MPB group), or a double‐BT with 2 MGBs (two‐MGB group).

Methods

This study was performed between April, 2009 and September, 2014, including 634 cycles for 354 patients with RIF. All the patients received cryopreserved blastocysts in either hormone replacement or natural ovulatory cycles. The included MGBs were at more than the Gardner grade 3BB stage. The PR and implantation rates (IRs) among the three groups were statistically evaluated by the chi‐square test. Statistical significance was set at P < .01.

Results

Although the PRs were similar in these three groups, the IR in the MGB + MPB group was significantly lower than that of the MGB group. The rate in the two‐MGB group also was significantly lower than that of the MGB group.

Conclusion

A double‐BT with a MGB and a MPB does not increase the pregnancy rate, compared with a single‐BT with a MGB among patients with RIF.     

Is the incidence of ovarian ectopic pregnancy increasing?

Although tubal pregnancy is increasing, ovarian ectopic pregnancy has remained a rare event. However, North American reports suggest an increasing incidence relative to both tubal and term pregnancies. We report an unexpected increase in our practice with five primary ovarian pregnancies over the past year. Current understanding of the aetiological factors, pathogenesis and implications for management are outlined.