阿托伐他汀钙对急性冠脉综合征患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的影响

目的研究阿托伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的影响。方法选取急性冠脉综合征患者60例,随机分为对照组及实验组,2组均给予常规治疗。在常规治疗基础上,实验组给予阿托伐他汀钙治疗,治疗2月后,比较2组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块、VCAM-1和ICAM-1。结果治疗后,实验组内中膜厚度(IMT)及混合回声斑块、低回声斑块比例明显低于对照组;实验组VCAM-1和ICAM-1水平明显低于对照组。结论阿托伐他汀可通过抑制VCAM-1和ICAM-1的表达逆转ACS患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块。     

不同剂量阿托伐他汀对轻度冠状动脉粥样硬化的疗效及安全性评价

目的探讨不同剂量阿托伐他汀对轻度冠状动脉粥样硬化的疗效及安全性评价。方法选取2015年1月-2017年3月我院收治的220例轻度冠状动脉粥样硬化患者,采用随机数字法分为对照组与观察组各110例,对照组患者给予最大剂量10 mg/d,观察组患者给予最大剂量30 mg/d;两组患者持续治疗12周,比较分析两组患者病情变化及不良反应。结果两组患者治疗前比较血清C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血清总胆固醇(TC)及颈动脉内中膜厚度(CMT)等各项指标(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后血清C反应蛋白、血清总胆固醇及颈动脉内中膜厚度显然低于治疗前各项指标(P0.05)。观察组患者治疗后血清C反应蛋白、血清总胆固醇及颈动脉内中膜厚度显然低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者不良反应情况比较(P0.05)。结论临床中采用大剂量阿托伐他汀对轻度冠状动脉粥样硬化患者实施治疗,其疗效更加显著,且安全性高,值得临床推广。     

颈动脉粥样硬化及血脂水平与脑梗死相关性研究

目的探讨颈动脉内中膜厚度及斑块性质、血脂水平与脑梗死之间的相关性。方法对120例脑梗死患者(脑梗死组)及80例非脑梗死患者(对照组)分别进行颈动脉超声检查,并记录2组颈动脉内中膜厚度及颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的性质、部位、数目和颈动脉内径,同时检测2组患者的血脂水平。结果脑梗死组颈动脉内中膜厚度及颈动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);三酰甘油(TG)及低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平也显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论颈动脉粥样硬化性病变及斑块的性质与脑梗死发生密切相关,部分脂质代谢异常与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成有关。     

尾加压素Ⅱ在冠状动脉中的表达与冠状动脉粥样硬化

目的研究尾加压素Ⅱ(UⅡ)在人正常及粥样硬化冠状动脉中的表达,探讨UⅡ在冠状动脉粥样硬化中的作用。方法取5人冠状动脉标本,免疫组化方法定位UⅡ的表达。结果UⅡ在冠状动脉的内皮细胞、泡沫细胞、炎症细胞及迁移增生的内膜平滑肌细胞都有进步。正常冠状动脉中,UⅡ在内皮细胞内呈阳性表达;在脂质条纹期内皮细胞内呈强阳性表达,较正常结构显著增多(P<0.05);在纤维斑块、粥样斑块期泡沫细胞、炎症细胞内呈强阳性表达,显著高于脂质条纹期(P<0.05);在内膜平滑肌细胞内呈弱阳性表达,并随粥样硬化的进展有增加趋势。结论冠状动脉粥样硬化进展中,UⅡ在调节内皮细胞、泡沫细胞、炎症细胞及血管平滑肌细胞的功能方面起作用。     

120例维吾尔族患者颈动脉粥样硬化与心血管危险因素的相关分析

目的:研究维吾尔族患者颈动脉粥样硬化与心血管危险因素的关系。方珐:对120例维吾尔族患者的颈动脉系统进行超声检测.检测内中膜厚度(IMT)及动脉粥样硬化斑块。根据IMT分为内中膜厚度正常组和内中膜增厚组(即IMT<0.9mm组和IMT≥0.9mm组),并抽血化验血脂、血糖、纤维蛋白原、尿酸,详细记录血压、体重指数。结果:内中膜增厚组与年龄、收缩压、脉压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白-B有关(P<0.05)。IMT与年龄、收缩压、脉压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白-B呈明显正相关。结论:高龄、高收缩压和脉压、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白-B是维吾尔族早期颈动脉粥样硬化的最主要危险因素。     

老年脑梗死与颈动脉粥样硬化关系的研究

目的通过对颈动脉内中膜厚度的检测,以探讨颈动脉粥样硬化病变发生率与脑梗死的关系.方法采用B型超声测定颈动脉内中膜厚度和粥样硬化斑块指数.检测130例,脑梗死组65例,对照组65例.结果在脑梗死组颈动脉内中膜厚度明显大于对照组(P＜0.01),颈动脉管腔直径两组无显著性差异.动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率在两组中均以球部为最高,其次为颈总动脉和颈内动脉.脑梗死组颈总动脉硬化发生率、颈动脉硬化斑块指数均显著高于对照组(P＜0.01).结论颈动脉粥样硬化严重程度与脑梗死发生率呈正比.     

超声测定颈动脉内中膜厚度对冠心病早期诊断的价值

目的：探讨颈动脉内中膜厚度（intima—media thickness,IMT）及粥样斑块对冠心病（CHD）早期诊断的价值。方法：根据冠状动脉造影结果将120例患者分为冠心病组和非冠心病组,用超声检测所有患者的双侧颈动脉内中膜厚度及宽块的情况。结果：冠心病组内中膜厚度及粥样硬化斑块发生率明显高于对照组。结论：颈动脉内中膜厚度及斑块的栓出对冠心病的早期诊断具有重要的意义。     

C反应蛋白与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇在颈动脉粥样硬化中的表达

目的:探讨炎性因子C-反应蛋白(CRP)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDH-C)在颈动脉粥样硬化发生、发展中的作用。方法:选取均经彩色多普勒超声检测的患者203例,有颈动脉内中膜增厚或斑块形成者为实验组153例,正常者为对照组(D组,50例)。实验组根据颈动脉内中膜厚度、斑块的类型及形态,分为单纯内中膜增厚组(A组,51例)、稳定性斑块组(B组,49例)、不稳定性斑块组(C组,53例),全部病例均进行血清C反应蛋白及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平检测。结果:颈动脉内中膜增厚组、稳定斑块组血清CRP和LDH-C水平均增高,但与正常对照组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而不稳定斑块组血清CRP和LDH-C水平与颈动脉内中膜正常组、内中膜增厚组、稳定斑块组各组之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:C-反应蛋白(CRP)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDH-C)与颈动脉粥样硬化严重程度密切相关,颈动脉不稳定斑块患者血清中CRP和LDH-C水平明显升高,对判断颈动脉斑块的稳定性和评估预后、二级预防有重要的指导价值。     

围绝经期妇女颈动脉病变与血脂相关性研究

目的:探讨围绝经期妇女颈动脉粥样硬化及内中膜厚度与血脂水平的关系.方法:随机选取进行健康体检的围绝经期妇女412名,依据其血脂检测结果分为血脂异常组199名,血脂正常组213名,利用二维彩色多普勒超声显像仪检测颈动脉内中膜厚度,并观察颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生情况.分析血压、体重指数与血脂水平的关系.结果:围绝经期妇女中颈动脉内中膜(IMT)增厚检出率达19.42%,粥样斑块形成以及IMT增厚合并粥样斑块形成率达31.80%.血脂异常组中受检者的血压、体重指数、IMT以及粥样斑块的发生率均高于血脂正常组(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).在血脂异常组中,以高甘油三酯血症致动脉粥样硬化发生率最高,与其他类型血脂异常比较差异显著(P＜0.05).结论:颈动脉粥样硬化及IMT增厚在围绝经期妇女中有较高的发生率,尤其在血脂异常的妇女中发生率更高.     

颈动脉粥样硬化预测冠心病的临床价值

目的 探讨颈动脉粥样硬化预测冠心病(CHD)的临床价值.方法 采用高分辨率超声测定86例CHD和46例正常对照者颈动脉内中膜厚度和斑块积分.结果 CHD组斑块发生率明显高于对照组(77.9%vs17.4%,P＜0.01).CHD多支病变组平均颈动脉内中膜厚度(mIMTc)较单支病变组明显增厚[(0.99+0.17)mm vs(0.85±0.15)mm,P＜0.01],其斑块积分也较单支病变组高[(2.68±1.82)vs(1.60±1.27),P＜0.05].以mIMTc≥0.85 mm预测CHD的有无,其敏感性为72.1%,特异性为76.1%,总符合率73.5%(97/132).结论 高频超声能准确测量颈动脉内中膜厚度及斑块情况,颈动脉粥样硬化与冠状动脉粥样硬化密切相关,颈动脉粥样硬化程度可间接反映冠状动脉病变的程度.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.