新基因ZNFD的克隆及其多克隆抗体的制备

目的:PCR扩增得到新基因ZNFD(Znf domain containing protein),构建pET32a-ZNFD原核表达载体,诱导蛋白表达及制备多克隆抗体。方法:通过PCR的方法克隆新基因ZNFD,选取部分抗原免疫原性较高的部分ORF序列,克隆到原核表达载体pET32a上,利用大肠杆菌Rosetta-gami(DE3)表达系统表达ZNFD融合蛋白。纯化目的蛋白免疫家兔,制备多克隆抗体。通过琼脂糖双向扩散实验和Western blot鉴定其效价和特异性。结果:经测序鉴定已成功克隆ZNFD基因。通过构建原核表达载体pET32a-ZNFD,在大肠杆菌Rosetta-gami(DE3)中使用IPTG诱导表达,得到相对分子质量约为45 kD的融合蛋白。纯化蛋白免疫家兔,制备的多克隆抗体具有较强的免疫特异性。结论:得到纯化的ZNFD蛋白,制备的多克隆抗体达到了一定的效价,且具有高特异性,为进一步研究ZNFD的功能奠定了实验基础。     

亲环素A的原核表达、蛋白纯化及多克隆抗体制备

目的构建人亲环素A(CypA)基因的原核表达载体,诱导表达、纯化蛋白,制备抗体,为进一步研究其生物学作用奠定基础。方法以人肺癌组织总RNA为模板,RT-PCR扩增CypA基因片段,克隆到pMD18-T载体中。扩增产物与原核表达载体pET30a(+)连接,构建表达质粒pET30a-CypA,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达,用镍树脂亲和层析柱High-Affinity Ni-IDA Resin纯化表达产物,SDS-PAGE检测纯化蛋白。用获得的蛋白免疫大白兔,制备抗CypA蛋白多抗,采用蛋白印迹法检测抗体特异性。结果成功构建了CypA的原核表达载体,经大肠杆菌诱导表达、镍亲和层析柱纯化,得到纯度达80.2%的融合蛋白,免疫大白兔后得到多抗血清。蛋白印迹结果显示此多克隆抗体能与CypA蛋白特异性结合。结论成功获得CypA纯化蛋白及CypA多克隆抗体,为进一步研究CypA在肺癌中的作用机制奠定了基础。     

FKBP38的原核表达、抗体制备及其应用

目的 构建人FKBP38 N-末端及C-末端原核表达载体并使其在大肠杆菌中高效表达,纯化基因表达产物,制备兔多克隆抗体并对该抗体用于Western免疫印迹、免疫荧光及免疫组织化学检测进行评价,为研究FKBP38的功能奠定基础.方法 以人FKBP38 cDNA为模板,根据人FKBP38全长cDNA系列,设计PCR引物分别扩增N-末端(1-207aa)及C-末端(209-387aa),将扩增产物克隆至大肠杆菌表达载体pGEX-6P1中,经BamH I/Sa1 I双酶切鉴定.GST-FKBP38-N及GST-FKBP38-C融合蛋白在硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导下在大肠杆菌BL21中得到表达.利用谷胱甘肽亲和层析纯化融合蛋白,用纯化的GST-FKBP38-N融合蛋白及GST-FKBP38-C融合蛋白免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体并进行纯化.使用纯化的抗FKBP38多抗以Western免疫印迹、免疫荧光及免疫组织化学检测FKBP38的表达与细胞内的定位.结果 成功构建FKBP38 N-末端及C-末端原核表达载体,表达并纯化了GST-FKBP38-N融合蛋白及GST-FKBP38-C融合蛋白,制备并纯化了FKBP38特异性抗体.该抗体用于Western免疫印迹检测FKBP38在不同细胞株中的表达,特异性强、效价高;用于免疫荧光检测FKBP38在细胞内主要定位于线粒体上;用于免疫组织化学检测FKBP38在乳腺组织细胞呈现胞浆阳性.结论 FKBP38特异性抗体制备成功,该抗体可用于FKBP38的免疫印迹、免疫荧光及免疫组织化学检测,为深入研究FKBP38的功能奠定基础.     

蛋白激酶SGK2α在大肠杆菌中的表达纯化及抗体制备

目的 该研究通过SGKα基因的克隆、原核蛋白表达以及纯化,制备抗SGK2α抗体,为进一步研究SGK2α蛋白的生物学功能奠定基础.方法 利用原核表达载体PGEX-4T-3构建重组质粒,并在大肠杆菌中通过IPTG诱导表达;亲和层析法纯化重组蛋白:以纯化的重组蛋白为抗原免疫新西兰大耳白兔制备抗SGK2α多克隆抗体,ELISA方法检测抗体效价,免疫印迹法检测抗体的特异性.结果 构建了PGEX-4T-3-SGK2α原核表达质粒,经原核表达和亲和层析获得GST-SGK2α融合蛋白,蛋白纯度在90%以上;利用GST-SGK2α融合蛋白制备多克隆抗体,抗体效价阳性且具有较强的特异性.结论 利用原核表达的GST-SGK2α融合蛋白成功地制备了抗SGK2α多克隆抗体,可用于免疫组织化学和免疫印迹检测以及功能研究.     

大鼠新基因PMP22CD的克隆以及多克隆抗体的制备

目的:通过PCR克隆PMP22CD基因,构建原核表达载体PET-32a(+)/PMP22CD,表达并纯化蛋白,制备多克隆抗体,为研究该基因的功能奠定基础.方法:通过PCR的方法克隆PMP22CD基因,选择抗原性较强的C-端,构建原核表达载体PET32a(+)/PMP22CD,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3 Lysis)中诱导表达,SDS-PAGE分析重组蛋白以包涵体的形式存在,应用电洗脱的方式获得重组蛋白,免疫新西兰大白兔,获得抗血清,通过琼脂糖双扩和Western Blot检测抗血清效价和特异性.结果:经测序鉴定成功克隆PMP22CD基因,并构建PET-32a(+)/PMP22CD重组质粒,表达融合蛋白,免疫新西兰大白兔,获得PMP22CD多克隆抗体.结论:得到了纯化的PET-32a(+)/PMP22CD融合蛋白,获得了效价高、特异性强的抗体.     

BC022687融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达、纯化、抗体制备及特异性鉴定

目的:构建BC022687的原核表达载体,诱导该质粒在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化其表达的融合蛋白,制备抗体并进行特异性鉴定。方法:采用RT-PCR法从18-20g体重雄性小鼠睾丸组织中扩增BC022687cDNA,经TA克隆及亚克隆方法后定向连入原核表达质粒pET-28a,将重组表达质粒转化至大肠杆菌BL-21(DL3)上,经IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE分析,用考马斯亮蓝染色及Western blot分析鉴定后,利用镍亲和层析法纯化表达融合蛋白,免疫新西兰兔,制备多克隆抗体,以诱导表达的融合蛋白为样本,Western blot实验检测抗体的特异性。结果:测序结果证实成功扩增出目的基因BC022687;酶切和测序结果证实pET-28a-BC022687原核表达载体构建成功;SDS-PAGE电泳显示表达出18.0kU的外源蛋白。Western blot检测结果显示,表达出的蛋白为6×His tag的融合蛋白,而且Ni-NTA亲和层析法纯化该重组蛋白成功;将纯化的融合蛋白免疫新西兰兔,制备获得了抗BC022687蛋白的多克隆抗体,鉴定实验显示抗体特异性好。结论:已成功构建、表达、纯化了BC022687融合蛋白,以及成功制备了其特异性抗体,为研究BC022687蛋白在精子发生中的作用奠定了基础。     

FAAP的原核表达、纯化与抗体制备

目的 构建pET28a-FAAP-His原核表达载体,表达His-FAAP融合蛋白,制备FAAP蛋白的多克隆抗体.方法 构建pET28a-FAAP-His原核表达载体,转化到大肠杆菌BL21中并诱导表达His-FAAP融合蛋白,用纯化的FAAP蛋白免疫昆明小白鼠后,制备多克隆抗体,通过Western blotting检验抗血清的特异性和灵敏性.结果 成功构建pET28a-FAAP-His原核表达栽体.在大肠杆菌BL21中经1mM的异丙基-β -D-硫代半乳糖苷(isopropy-β -D-thiogalactoside,IPTG)37℃诱导4h后,融合蛋白有很高水平的表达.Western blotting结果显示FAAP抗体能够有效地检测人血管内皮脐静脉细胞内FAAP蛋白的表达.结论 成功地对FAAP进行了原核表达、纯化,抗FAAP小鼠的多克隆抗体具有较好的特异性,为进一步研究FAAP的结构与功能奠定了坚实的基础.     

hUNC93-B1基因的克隆、表达纯化及抗体制备

目的:构建人hUNC93-B1基因的原核表达载体,诱导其表达并纯化该蛋白,制备特异性高效价抗体. 方法:设计针对hUNC93-B1基因的特异性引物,通过PCR的方法扩增目的基因,克隆入pMD-18T载体,测序全部正确后亚克隆入原核表达载体pRSET-A. 将构建的载体导入大肠杆菌BL21中,用IPTG诱导表达. 经SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定后用镍柱纯化融合蛋白. 与免疫佐剂联用,免疫家兔制备特异性抗体. 结果:PCR扩增得到长度为1808 bp的片断,结果与GenBank中人hUNC93-B1的基因序列完全一致,成功构建了原核表达载体hUNC93-B1-pRSET-A. 导入大肠杆菌后经诱导得到一条约Mr 72 000的新蛋白条带. 免疫家兔后获得了1:64 000的高效价特异性抗人hUNC93-B1血清. 结论:成功地克隆了人hUNC93-B1基因,使其编码的蛋白质在原核细胞中顺利表达,并纯化出该种蛋白. 制备了特异性抗体,为研究hUNC93-B1基因与人类心血管疾病的关系提供依据.     

HCV胞膜蛋白E2基因的融合表达、纯化及多克隆抗体制备

目的 原核表达HCV胞膜蛋白E2,获得抗E2多克隆抗体.方法 利用PCR方法从HCV基因组序列中扩增出831 bp（384～661aa）的E2基因片段并按读框克隆到原核表达载体pET32a（＋）,IPTG诱导HCV E2蛋白表达,SDS-PAGE和Western Blot法检测蛋白表达,Ni-NTA偶联的琼脂糖吸附柱纯化融合蛋白,薄层扫描及Bradford 法检测纯化蛋白的纯度＞90%;用表达的E2蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备多克隆抗体,利用间接ELISA 法检测抗体效价,Western Blot法检测抗体特异性.结果 用原核诱导表达出HCV胞膜蛋白E2免疫新西兰兔后获得多克隆抗体的效价在1∶1 280以上,能特异性识别E2蛋白.结论 成功构建HCV E2基因的原核表达载体,利用原核表达HCV胞膜蛋白E2制备的多克隆抗体能特异性识别E2蛋白.为进一步开展HCV E2蛋白功能和HCV受体的研究奠定了基础.     

S100A16基因的原核表达和多克隆抗体制备

目的:构建S100A16原核表达载体,制备S100A16蛋白多克隆抗体并初步鉴定?方法:RT-PCR扩增得到小鼠肝脏组织的S100A16基因,将此片段克隆到带有His标签的原核表达载体pET-28a多克隆位点,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)?IPTG诱导融合蛋白表达,以亲和层析的方法纯化His-S100A16融合蛋白?纯化蛋白经SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定后,免疫新西兰白兔制备抗血清?分别采用ELISA和Western blot方法检测抗体效价和特异性?结果:经双酶切和核酸序列分析证实成功构建pET-28a-S100A16原核表达质粒?考马斯亮兰染色结果证实IPTG可有效诱导融合蛋白表达?用纯化融合蛋白免疫新西兰白兔得到的S100A16抗体血清,经ELISA和Western blot检测结果显示该抗体效价高,特异性好?结论:构建带有His标签的S100A16原核表达载体,并获得高纯度His-S100A16融合蛋白及其多克隆抗体,为进一步研究S100A16生物学功能奠定基础?     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.