冠状动脉介入治疗术后Perclose血管缝合器止血的临床研究

目的 :评价经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术 (PCI)后股动脉穿刺部位应用Perclose血管缝合器止血的安全性和有效性。方法 :对 2 5 6例PCI患者进行前瞻性研究 ,所有患者均接受阿司匹林、氯吡格雷以及肝素治疗 ,动脉鞘管均为F7,一组在完成PCI后立即拔除股动脉鞘管 ,选用Perclose血管缝合器对穿刺部位动脉进行止血 ,另一组为术后 4～ 6h测活化凝血时间 <180s后拔除鞘管采用手法压迫止血。结果 :Perclose血管缝合器止血的成功率为 95 % ,两组患者的主要并发症差异无统计学意义 ,但Perclose组并发症发生率有更低的趋势 (2 3.3%∶31.6 % )。Perclose组的止血时间 (5 .1± 3.4 )min ,手法压迫组 (2 8± 10 )min ;Perclose组制动时间 (6 .4± 1.7)h ,手法压迫组 (19± 6 .5 )h。二者Perclose组均明显较手法压迫组缩短。结论 :Perclose血管缝合器是一个迅速、有效的止血方法 ,值得临床上推广。     

经皮血管缝合器的安全性和疗效观察

目的　评估病人拔鞘管后应用经皮血管缝合器与人工压迫止血的安全性和疗效的比较。主要观察终点包括术后可下床走动时间与血管并发症。方法　 10 5例病人 (男、80例 ;女 2 5例 ,平均年龄 65 .7± 12 .3岁 )在行心导管术后 ,随机分为人工压迫组 ( 组 ,5 3例 )和股动脉穿刺点经皮血管缝合器组 ( 组 ,5 2例 ) ,在术后即刻应用经皮血管缝合器和依病人抗凝水平行人工压迫止血 ,观察止血时间、下床走动时间和并发症。结果　应用经皮血管缝合器组与人工压迫组止血时间 ( 7.5± 3.0和 19.5± 6.5分 ,P<0 .0 0 1)与下床走动时间 ( 4.5± 2 .0和 16.5± 5 .0小时 ,P<0 .0 0 1)有显著缩短 ,血管并发症 (有 6人伤口渗血和血肿 >4cm, 组 7.5 % ( 4/ 5 3) , 组 3.8% ( 2 / 5 2 ) ,两组无显著差异。有 4例病人首次应用缝合器止血失效 ,因为病人的缝合血管周围病变及皮肤组织凹陷 ,有一例缝合管拆除时缝合线断接 ,首次成功率达 94% ( 48/ 5 2 ) ,失败两例再用缝合器缝合获得成功 ,总成功率达 96% ( 5 0 /5 2 )。在 组有 1例病人在血管成形术 3天后出现再次急性心肌梗死 ,给予静脉 (尿激酶 )溶栓后于穿刺伤口再出血而需压迫止血 1小时。结论　表明经皮血管缝合器应用的安全性优于人工压迫组 ,缩短了止血与下床走动时间     

经皮缝合装置在经皮冠状动脉介入术中的应用价值

目的评价经皮缝合装置(Percloser缝合器)止血的安全性、有效性及临床应用价值。方法选取2002年4月～2005年3月所做的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者504例。按止血方法不同分为传统压迫止血组254例和血管缝合组250例,分析两组在止血时间、制动时间、总卧床时间及各种并发症的差异。结果缝合法与压迫法比较,止血时间:压迫组为(25±6)分钟,血管缝合组为:(6.0±0.4)分钟(P<0.001):下肢制动时间:压迫组为(26±4)小时,血管缝合组为(4.0±1.2)小时(P<0.001);总卧床时间:压迫组为(25.2±4.5)小时,血管缝合组(6.0±1_3)小时(P<0.001)。压迫组术后并发症如出血、血肿、迟发出血(第3日-1周)、迷走反射、皮肤溃烂等,明显高于缝合组(P<0.001)。结论Percloser缝合器止血用于冠状动脉造影及经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术或支架术后患者,止血时间与卧床制动时间明显缩短,并发症少,安全有效,操作简便,止血效果可靠。     

老年患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后血管闭合器的临床应用

近年来国内外股动脉穿刺口的新型缝合器已用于临床 ,效果理想 ,但对股动脉血管闭合器的临床运用国内罕见报道。我们对老年患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 (PCI)后股动脉穿刺口用Angio Seal STSTM血管闭合器与人工压迫止血对比观察 ,探讨血管闭合器对老年患者PCI后的临床应用价值。1　对象与方法行PCI患者 1 5 6例中男 98例 ,女 5 8例 ,平均年龄 ( 70± 5 .5 )岁 ,依止血方法不同 ,分为人工压迫股动脉组 ( 78例 )和血管闭合器封堵股动脉组 ( 78例 )。人工压迫股动脉 :PCI后 4h留置股动脉鞘拔管后直接压迫股动脉穿刺部位 ,依据患者的抗凝水…     

老年冠状动脉介入治疗患者术后2种血管闭合器止血的临床观察

目的:探讨血管闭合器Angio-Seal和Perclose在老年冠状动脉介入治疗患者应用的临床效果。方法:共682例老年(>60岁)经股动脉行冠状动脉介入治疗患者,分为3组,A、B 2组分别使用Angio-Seal和Perclose闭合器进行股动脉穿刺点止血,C组采用徒手压迫法止血,观察3组患者止血时间、卧床制动时间以及并发症的情况。结果:A组、B组及C组的止血成功率分别为99.6%,98.6%,100%,差异无统计学意义,P>0.05;止血时间分别为(1.5±0.8)min、(1.9±1.2)min和(19.5±5.8)min,卧床制动时间分别为(5.1±1.5)h、(6.2±1.7)h和(17.8±4.4)h,A组和B组明显短于C组,P<0.05;血管并发症发生率3组分别为4.6%、6.5%和9.7%,A组和B组亦明显少于C组,P<0.05。结论:对于60岁以上的老年冠状动脉介入治疗患者,术后应用Angio-Seal和Perclose血管闭合装置同样安全有效,优于徒手压迫止血法。     

经皮血管缝合器与人工压迫法对股动脉拔管术后止血效果的比较

比较病人拔鞘管后应用经皮血管缝合器与人工压迫止血的安全性和疗效。 1 2 5例病人 (男 86例、女 39例 ,年龄 65 .7± 1 2 .3岁 ) ,在行心导管术后 ,分为人工压迫组 [Ⅰ组 ,63例 ,其中分为冠状动脉 (简称冠脉 )造影 (CAG)组35例 (IA) ,冠脉介入治疗术组 2 8例 (IB) ]和股动脉穿刺点经皮血管缝合组 [Ⅱ组 ,62例 ,CAG组 35例 (ⅡA) ,冠脉介入治疗术组 2 7例 (ⅡB) ]。在术后即刻应用经皮血管缝合器和依病人抗凝水平行人工压迫止血 ,观察止血时间 ,平卧时间和并发症。结果 :与人工压迫止血组时间比较 ,经皮血管缝合组止血时间和平卧时间有显著缩短。有 4例病人首次应用缝合器止血失效 ,首次成功率达 91 % ( 5 8/62 ) ;失败 2例 ,再用缝合器缝合获得成功 ,总成功率达96% ( 60 /62 )。在ⅠB组有 1例病人在血管成形术 3天后出现再次急性心肌梗死 ,给予静脉 (尿激酶 )溶栓后于穿刺伤口再出血而需压迫止血 1h。结论 :经皮血管缝合器应用的安全性优于人工压迫组 ,缩短了止血与下床走动时间     

冠脉介入术后3种止血方法的比较

目的评价血管缝合器（Perclose和Angioseal）在冠状动脉造影（CAG）或经皮冠状动脉内介入术（PCI）后股动脉止血的临床应用价值。方法选择2004年12月至2005年12月在我院行CAG或PCI术的患者180例,分为A、B、C3组,每组60例。A组使用Perclose封闭股动脉穿刺点,B组使用Angioseal封闭股动脉穿刺点,C组使用常规人工压迫方法止血。观察止血时间、制动时间、及术后并发症的发生情况。结果使用Perclose和Angioseal的止血时间和下肢制动时间均较手法压迫止血显著缩短（均P<0.01）,其中使用Angioseal的止血时间还要略少于使用Perclose的止血时间,且操作更简单,但二者在止血时间和制动时间方面无统计学差异。3组在术后并发症方面无统计学差异。结论Perclose和Angioseal较常规压迫止血显著缩短止血时间和患者卧床时间。     

冠脉介入术后Angioseal血管缝合与压迫止血的对比研究

目的　评价Angioseal缝合器止血的实用性。方法　 2 0 0 2 - 10～ 2 0 0 3- 0 7所做的冠状动脉造影或介入治疗病例共 2 6 0例 ,其中冠状动脉造影 15 0例 ,介入治疗 110例。按止血方法不同分为传统压迫止血组和血管缝合组。结果　 (1)缝合法与压迫法止血时间及下肢制动时间的比较。单纯冠状动脉造影止血时间分别为 :缝合法(1 8± 0 9)min ,压迫法 (2 5 3± 13 4 )min ,两者差异有非常显著性 (P <0 0 0 1) ;下肢制动时间分别为 :缝合法 (3 8± 0 8)h ,压迫法 (13 4± 2 2 )h ,两者差异有非常显著性 (P <0 0 0 1) ;介入治疗后止血时间 :缝合法与压迫法分别为 (2 0± 1 1)min及 (2 9 5± 14 3)min ,两者差异有非常显著性 (P <0 0 0 1) ;下肢制动时间缝合法与压迫法分别为(4 3± 1 5 )h及 ,(2 4 3± 3 2 )h ,两者差异有非常显著性 (P <0 0 0 1)。 (2 )压迫法术后各类并发症如出血、血肿、迟发出血 (第 3天以后 ,至 1周 )、迷走反射、皮肤溃烂等 ,明显高于缝合法 (P <0 0 0 1)。结论　Angioseal缝合器止血简便、实用、安全。     

冠状动脉介入术后血管缝合器的血管并发症分析

目的分析冠状动脉介入术后Angioseal血管缝合器机械止血和人工压迫止血的血管并发症发生率。方法947例冠状动脉介入诊治病例，179例术后使用Angioseal血管缝合器止血（机械组），另外768例进行人工压迫止血（人工组），比较二组的止血时间、制动时间和血管并发症发生率。结果机械组显著缩短止血时间和制动时间（P〈0．01），但其与人工组的血管并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论使用Angioseal血管缝合器能显著缩短止血时间和制动时间，但不能减少股动脉穿刺并发症的发生率，不推荐介入术后常规使用机械止血装置。     

血管压迫器在急诊PCI合用替罗非班时的应用

目的 探讨血管压迫器在介入治疗(PCI)应用替罗非班术后止血的有效性和安全性.方法 将200例应用替罗非班的PCI 患者随机分为血管压迫器组和血管封堵器组,比较两组患者使用血管封堵器及血管压迫器的成功率、局部并发症发生率及术后卧床时间.结果 血管封堵器及血管封堵器的成功率均较高(99%和100%),差异无统计学意义.血管封堵器及血管压迫器并发症发生率差异两组间无统计学意义.卧床时间血管压迫器组和血管封堵器组分别为 (15.51±1.30) h、(3.30±0.78) h,封堵器明显减少卧床时间.结论 急性心肌梗死患者行急诊PCI 术,应用替罗非班,术后采用血管封堵器或血管封堵器均能安全有效止血,可掌握指征,选择合适患者.     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.