腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术6例报告

先天性无阴道的发病率约为1／4000-1／5000，主要特征是阴道缺如、子宫缺如或始基子宫，而双侧卵巢正常，又称为MRKH综合征（Mayer-Rokitensky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome），治疗以手术为主，阴道成形术术式繁多，主要有羊膜代阴道成形术、乙状结肠代阴道成形术、皮瓣代阴道成形术、Vecchitti＇s阴道成形术、腹膜代阴道成形术等，     

腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和乙状结肠代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道临床疗效比较

目的探讨腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和乙状结肠代阴道成形术的临床疗效。方法采用随机对照的研究方法 ,对2001年1月至2010年12月第三军医大学附属西南医院40例先天性无阴道患者按随机表法,1:2随机化分组,分别接受腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术(14例)和腹膜代阴道成形术(26例),比较2组的围手术期参数及术后疗效。结果 40例患者均在腹腔镜下成功完成手术,腹膜代阴道组较乙状结肠代阴道组手术时间短,术中出血量少,术后恢复快(P﹤0.05)。术后随访6～108个月,阴道平均深度、性生活启动时间和性功能指数量表评分比较,两组差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和乙状结肠代阴道成形术均是安全、疗效满意的手术方式,但腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术更微创、术后患者恢复更快。     

腹腔镜下腹膜阴道成形术

我院妇产科微创治疗中心在已开展腹式乙状结肠、回肠及腹膜阴道成形术的基础上 ,应用腹腔镜技术 ,探索了腹腔镜下腹膜阴道成形术 ,以创造一种临床效果好、创伤小、术后患者恢复快的微创伤手术方式。一、资料与方法1 .器械 :(1 )选用德国史托斯公司的腹腔镜手术设备及器械 ;(2 )自制的腹膜阴道推进器 :规格为长 50cm ,直径分别为 2 0mm、2 2mm、2 5mm ,腹膜阴道推进器头部 1 0cm处分别呈 30°、45°、60°,共 9种型号。术中根据需要选用不同型号的腹膜阴道推进器。2 .麻醉与手术体位 :术前 3d起作好肠道准备 ,以备腹膜阴道成形术不能完成 ,可…     

生物补片移植阴道成形术18例临床分析

<正>先天性无阴道综合征(mayer rokitansky kuster huser,MRKH)是胚胎发育过程中双侧副中肾管发育不全或双侧副中肾管会合后未向尾端延伸形成阴道所致,其发生率为1∶4000~1∶5000。MRKH患者几乎均合并无子宫或始基子宫,卵巢功能通常正常[1],阴道成形术可解决患者无法性生活的困扰。目前阴道成形术的方法有多种,寻找一种简单、方便、创伤小、效果满意的方法成为必然。我院自2010年3     

改良腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道19例疗效分析

目的:探讨采用改良腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道的疗效。方法:对19例患者的术中、术后情况及随访情况进行分析。结果:19例手术均顺利完成。手术时间90～160分钟,平均120分钟。术中出血量10～50ml,平均30ml。术后住院时间10～14天,平均12天。术后随访3～12个月,16例患者外阴阴道恢复良好;3例术后阴道侧壁顶端息肉,经治疗恢复良好。19例均人工阴道腹膜鳞化。结论:改良腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术微创、术后恢复时间短、效果满意。     

腹腔镜下单叶腹膜代阴道成形术52例临床分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜下单叶腹膜代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道的手术技巧及临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析52例先天性无阴道患者行腹腔镜下单叶腹膜代阴道成形术患者的临床资料,观察手术时间、术中出血量、术后阴道情况及患者性生活满意度。结果:52例患者手术均获得成功,平均手术时间为71.44±18.99分钟,术中出血49.78±19.59ml。术后随访时间1个月至8年:人工阴道深度为9.46±0.68cm,阴道黏膜红润、柔软、弹性好,已婚者FSFI评估性生活满意度,总评分为27.84±2.76分。结论:腹腔镜下单叶腹膜代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道具有操作简便、安全、微创、效果好等优点。     

腹腔镜下腹膜阴道成形术17例临床分析

<正>先天性无子宫无阴道是双侧副中肾管在胚胎发育过程中发育不全的结果。手术再造阴道是患者能够实现正常性生活的唯一选择。腹腔镜下腹膜阴道成形术为常用术式,具有成功率高、性生活满意、无腹部大切口、无需特殊移植物、最大程度地保护患者隐私等优点。腹膜代阴道成形术形成的阴道湿润、柔软、有弹性,形态和功能近似正常。随着腹腔镜技术的成熟与普及,此术式逐渐得到医生和患者的认同[1,2]。自2008年4月至2011年3月我院共行此种术式17例。术中采用我们自制的阴道模型,并对术式加以改进,保证了手术成功率,降低了术后并发症,取得了良好的应用效果,现总结如下。     

腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成型术的临床应用

探讨腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成型术的方法及临床应用效果。方法:为13例Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser综合征(MRKH综合征)患者成功地进行了腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术。使用4个穿刺点:脐部穿刺形成CO2气腹并放置第1个直径为10mm的穿刺套管,分别于左右下腹及耻骨上放置直径5mm的穿刺套管3个。于盆腔中部膀胱及直肠反折腹膜下,注入生理盐水以分离腹膜。从此处横行剪开,并分离腹膜前后叶长8~10cm,呈H形。在阴道前庭处横行剪开,于膀胱直肠间钝性分离成穴道,长约10cm,使穴道与腹腔相通。自穴道牵出游离的前后片,缝合于阴道口的前庭粘膜于腹腔镜下剪开直肠和膀胱表面的浆膜,缝合关闭阴道顶端及盆腔。术后使用弹形头的阴道硬模型。结果:13例手术均获成功,患者平均手术时间95±14m in,平均出血量57±14m l,平均随访时间9±4个月,腹部切口美观,人工阴道生长好,性生活正常。结论:腹腔镜下腹膜代阴道成形术是可行和安全的,能够取得开腹手术的效果。     

组织工程医用补片在人工阴道成形术中的应用

先天性无阴道是副中肾管在胚胎发育过程中发育不全的结果。患者多无症状，于青春期后原发闭经或婚后性交困难就诊时发现，如不治疗会影响患者的生存质量。先天性无阴道主要的治疗方法为手术，即阴道成形术，目前的术式多达20余种，但治疗效果和安全性尚有待于提高。国外已有体内直接应用组织工程天然支架材料（同种异体真皮物Alloderm）重建阴道的报道。我院利用瑞诺（RENOV）医用组织补片进行人工阴道成形术5例，现报道如下。     

腹腔镜下腹膜阴道成形术后使用苯甲酸雌二醇涂抹阴道的临床疗效

腹膜阴道成形术是目前治疗先天性无阴道的常见术式。随着腹腔镜技术的飞速发展及人们对手术微创要求的不断提高,腹腔镜下腹膜阴道成形术应用日渐广泛。腹膜具有吸收、渗透功能,且愈合能力强,接触面光滑,是人工阴道成形术较理想的覆盖物。     

A rescue management plan for ruptured balloons during balloon vaginoplasty

Objectives

To present the first repeat procedure and a simple way for management of balloon rupture during balloon vaginoplasty (BV) procedures.

Study design

Repeat BV (reBV) procedure was done for one case, and a ruptured catheter's end to new catheter's end (ENE) procedure was done for two cases. The anatomic and functional outcomes of reBV and ENE are presented.

Results

Balloon rupture and deflation were encountered in a total of 3/45 cases who had undergone BV procedures. Replacement time was 22 min for reBV, and 9 and 10 min for ENE. General anesthesia was needed in the reBV case. Post-operative course and final outcomes were generally good but objectively less favorable in the ENE than in the reBV case (neovaginal depths were 8.5 and 9.4 cm versus 11 cm, respectively). Penetration and satisfaction scores were increased up 85 points for both couples.

Conclusions

Balloon ruptures were reported in 3/45 cases undergoing balloon vaginoplasty. End to new catheter end replacement was a very fast and simple rescue procedure but its preliminary anatomical outcomes were less favorable than the outcomes obtained with the original or repeat procedure.     

A comparative study of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy with radical abdominal hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer: a long-term follow-up study

Objective

To determine whether laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) is a feasible alternative to radical abdominal hysterectomy (RAH) for early-stage cervical cancer.

Study design

A retrospective, matched case-control study of 24 consecutive cases with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I-II cervical cancer who underwent LRH by a single surgeon between January 1994 and December 2001. Cases were matched with controls (ratio 1:2) who underwent RAH by surgeon, age, stage and histology. Patient characteristics, clinical course, intra-operative complications and disease-free survival were compared between the two groups. Median counts were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Differences between means were compared using Student's t-test. Dichotomous groupings were analyzed using Chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test as appropriate. Survival data were estimated using Kaplan-Meier estimates and compared with the log-rank test.

Results

The mean estimated blood loss in the RAH group was significantly greater than that in the LRH group (836.0 ml and 414.3 ml, respectively; p < 0.001). Five patients (20.8%) from the LRH group and 23 patients (47.9%) from the RAH group received blood transfusion (p < 0.03). The mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the LRH group compared with the RAH group (10.7 days and 18.8 days, respectively; p < 0.01). No statistically significant difference existed between the two groups with respect to operative time, pelvic lymph node count, frequency of lymph node involvement, extent of parametrial or vaginal resection margins, adjuvant treatment and intra-operative complications. Median follow-up was 78 months for the LRH group and 75 months for the RAH group. There was no significant difference in the 5-year disease-free survival rate between the groups (90.5% and 93.3% for LRH and RAH, respectively; p = 0.918).

Conclusions

LRH is a useful alternative to RAH for the management of early-stage cervical cancer. The benefits of LRH include reduced blood loss, fewer transfusions and shorter hospital stay, with comparable oncologic outcome.     

A comparative study using early second-look laparoscopic evaluation of post-operative adhesion formation between two surgical procedures for polycystic ovarian syndrome

No studies have been performed to evaluate and compare adhesion formation after laparoscopic ovarian drilling with that after ovarian wedge resection by minilaparotomy at the very early stage one week after surgery in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). We investigated adhesion formation after surgical ovarian wedge resection by minilaparotomy (group I; n=37) and laparoscopic ovarian electrodrilling (group II; n=39) in 76 clomiphene citrate-resistant anovulatory infertile women with PCOS. All patients underwent an early second-look laparoscopy one week after operation. Thirty-six women (92.3%) in group II were found to be free of adhesions, whereas 81.1% (30 of 37) of the women in group I had periovarian adhesions. The frequencies of periovarian, intra-abdominal and uterine adhesions in group I were significantly higher than those in group II. There were significant differences in the AFS adhesion scores between group I (9.0±9.7 points) and group II (0.1±0.5 points). After surgery all women ovulated spontaneously or with clomiphene citrate. The pregnancy rate within 1 year after surgery in group II (87.2%) was significantly higher than that in group I (59.5%). The women with PCOS who were treated with laparoscopic ovarian electrodrilling were almost free of postoperative adhesion formation and most of them conceived within 1 year after surgery. This laparoscopic technique should be considered at an early stage in infertile women with PCOS who have failed to respond to clomiphene citrate therapy.     

急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术120例体会

目的探讨急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的治疗体会。方法:120例急性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术。CO2气体建立气腹常规四孔法。结果 110例患者成功完成腹腔镜胆囊切除术,10例患者中转开腹。结论严格掌握手术适应症,急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜手术安全、可行。     

A study exploring UK midwives' knowledge and attitudes towards caring for women who have been sexually abused

Objective

to investigate midwives’ knowledge and attitudes in relation to caring for women who have been sexually abused.

Design

survey using a postal questionnaire. The questionnaire looked at midwives’ knowledge and attitudes towards a range of aspects of sexuality and childbirth. The area of caring for women who have been sexually abused was one aspect of this study. The questionnaire included fixed response and open-ended questions. Quantitative data were analysed using χ²-test, logistic regression, Mann–Whitney U-test, Kruskal Wallis test and Mantel–Haenszel test. Qualitative data were analysed using a modified constant comparative approach as described by Morse and Field [1995. Qualitative research methods for health professionals, second edn. Sage Publications, London].

Setting

four National Health Service trusts within the East and West Midlands.

Participants

489 community and hospital-based midwives.

Findings

372 midwives returned their questionnaire giving a 76% response rate. The majority of midwives in the sample group did not feel adequately prepared to deal with a disclosure of sexual abuse (n=207, 56%), with a further 109 (29%) midwives being ‘unsure’ if they could deal with such a disclosure. Community midwives rated themselves as more able to deal with disclosures of sexual abuse compared with hospital-based midwives (χ²=4.044, df=1, p=0.044). The analysis of the in-depth responses to the open-ended questions showed that a small number of midwives were very knowledgeable about the topic of sexual abuse and had experience in dealing with these situations. In contrast, it emerged that the majority of midwives had little if any education in this area and felt unable to deal effectively with disclosures of sexual abuse.

Key conclusions and implications for practice

the finding that the majority of midwives did not feel adequately prepared to deal with disclosures of sexual abuse may have implications for the quality of care received by survivors of sexual abuse. It is possible that midwives who have been inadequately prepared for dealing with such disclosures may give inappropriate advice, and may inadvertently compound the feelings of powerlessness that women have experienced. Aspects of sexuality and, in particular, caring for women who have been sexually abused should be included in all pre-registration curricula, and post-registration education should include this topic to either update midwives or introduce these topics to qualified midwives. As the incidence of sexual abuse is high and may potentially affect a significant number of childbearing women, it is recommended that further good-quality research should be conducted in this area.     

A comparative detail analysis of the learning curve and surgical outcome for robotic hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy versus laparoscopic hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy in treatment of endometrial cancer: a case-matched controlled study of the first one hundred twenty two patients

Goal

To determine the learning curve and surgical outcome for the first one hundred twenty-two robotic hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy patients in comparison to the first one hundred twenty-two patients who underwent the same procedure laparoscopically.

Materials and methods

An analysis of the first 122 patients who underwent a robotic assisted hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy (RHBPPALND) was compared to the first 122 patients who underwent a total laparoscopic hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy (LHBPPALND). The learning curve of the surgical procedure was determined by measuring operative time with respect to chronological order of each patient who had undergone their respective procedure. Number of lymph nodes, estimated blood loss, days of hospitalization, and complications of all patients were also analyzed and compared.

Results

The learning curve of the surgical procedure was determined by measuring operative time with respect to chronological order of each patient who had undergone their respective procedure. Data were analyzed for mean age, body mass index, operative time, estimated blood loss, lymph node retrieval and complications for both surgical procedures. The mean operative time was 147.2 ± 48.2 and 186.8 ± 59.8 for RHBPPALND and LHBPPALND respectively. The mean EBL was statistically significant at 81.1 ± 45.9 and 207.4 ± 109.4 for RHBPPALND and LHBPPALND respectively. The total number of pelvic and aortic lymph nodes was 25.1 ± 12.7 for RHBPPALND and 43.1 ± 17.8 for LHBPPALND. The number of pelvic lymph node was 19.2 ± 9.0 and 24.7 ± 11.9 for RHBPPALND and LHBPPALND. The days of hospitalization of RHBPPALND and LHBPPALND were 1.5 ± 0.9 and 3.2 ± 2.3. The number of intraoperative complications for RHBPPALND, and LHBPPALND was 1 and 7, respectively.

Conclusion

Robotic hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy has a faster learning curve in comparison to laparoscopic hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy. The adequacy of surgical staging was comparable between the two surgical methods. RHBPPALND is associated with shorter hospitalization, less blood loss and less intraoperative and major complications, and lower rate of conversion to open procedure.     

Comparative study of dexamethasone and ondansetron for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery

Objective

To compare intravenous dexamethasone and ondansetron for the prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), a main complaint that affects almost 40%-75% of patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery.

Methods

In a prospective study, 93 women were divided into 3 groups receiving 4 mg of dexamethasone, 8 mg of dexamethasone, or 4 mg of ondansetron. PONV score was used for assessment during the first 24 hours after surgery.

Results

The incidence of PONV during the 24-hour postoperative period was highest in the ondansetron group (61%). In the first 3 hours, the incidence of PONV in the ondansetron group was also higher: 51.6% as compared with 22.6% and 36.6% in the dexamethasone 4 mg and 8 mg groups, respectively. The overall incidence of PONV was highest in the first 3 hours as compared with later time periods, and there was a linear trend in decreasing PONV among the groups (P = 0.017). In the dexamethasone 4 mg group, the request for a rescue antiemetic was significantly lower: 0% as compared with 6.7% and 16.1% in the dexamethasone 8 mg and ondansetron 4 mg groups, respectively.

Conclusion

Dexamethasone was found to be an efficacious and cost-effective drug for the prophylaxis of PONV.