脾脏包虫囊肿的CT诊断

目的：探讨脾脏包虫囊肿的CT表现特征和鉴别诊断。材料和方法：回顾性分析经手术病理证实9例脾脏包虫囊肿的CT表现。结果：9例10个囊肿中，单发8例，多发1例，单纯型6例，多子囊包虫囊肿型3例。CT主要表现：圆形或椭圆形边缘光整，清晰，密度均匀的水样密度，囊性病变；可见到囊壁弧形线状、间断的钙化1例；母囊内有分隔或大小不等的子囊，囊壁很薄，子囊的密度总是低于母囊密度1例；囊肿破裂继发感染，囊内可见纤细条状及碎片影，密度不均匀，CT值升高1例；增强扫描外囊壁呈轻度增强3例。结论：脾脏包虫囊肿CT表现较具特征性，CT是诊断该病安全可靠的的检查方法之一，对临床选择治疗方案有重要的意义。     

脾脏包虫囊肿的CT诊断（附6例报告）

报告了6例经手术、病理证实的脾包虫囊肿的CT表现。其主要征象是;(1)圆形或椭圆形边界清楚的水样密度囊性病变。(2)可见到囊壁和外囊壁的环形钙化。(3)母囊内有子囊,子囊的密度低于母囊密度。并讨论了本病的破裂感染和与某些少见病例的鉴别诊断。     

脾肾包虫囊肿的CT诊断

目的：提高对脾肾包虫囊肿及其破裂感染CT表现的认识。方法：报告4例经手术病理证实的脾肾包虫囊肿CT所见，并讨论本病的破裂感染及鉴别诊断。结果：单纯型包虫囊肿1例，呈水样均匀低密度囊性肿物边缘光整。多子囊型2例，母囊内见多个更低密度的子囊。破裂感染型包虫囊肿1例，其内外囊分离内囊膜塌陷伴内外囊壁不规则钙化。结论：CT对脾肾包虫囊肿的诊断，分型及有无破裂感染的判断颇为准确。     

CT在肺包虫诊断中的价值分析

目的:探讨肺包虫的CT影像识别,为临床提供诊断依据.方法:随机选取我院收治的肺包虫患者9例,对所有患者均进行CT探查,同时对胸部进行X线扫描,对其CT影像进行回顾性研究.结果:CT探查肺包虫结果显示:9例病灶中有6例单发囊性病灶,3例多发囊性病灶,可见囊性病灶中单发病灶多于多发病灶,通常肺中的病灶边缘较清晰,形状一般为圆形或椭圆形,囊内可见有子囊,且密度比较均匀.感染1例,其囊壁呈点状钙化,感染后外囊壁呈弧形钙化,其囊内密度增高且不均匀,破裂时出现的征象有:新月征、水上荷花征、飘带征.结论:CT影像对肺包虫病的识别具有重要意义,可为包虫病的诊断提供可靠依据.     

肾包虫囊肿的CT诊断

目的 :探讨肾包虫囊肿及其破裂感染的CT表现及诊断意义。材料和方法 :本组 7例患者均行CT平扫与增强扫描 ,经手术病理或临床资料证实。结果 :3例单纯型囊肿 ,2例表现为肾实质内水样密度的囊性肿物 ,其边缘光滑 :4例多子囊型囊肿 ,内部含有多个更低密度子囊。 2例破裂 /感染型 ,其内外囊分离 ,1例囊腔内有塌陷折叠并且钙化的内囊膜 ;另 1例囊周水肿并增强。结论 :CT对肾包虫囊肿的定位和定性诊断、分型以及破裂感染的判断颇为准确 ,是目前诊断肾包虫囊肿安全可靠的检查方法     

肾上腺囊肿的CT、MRI诊断

目的:探讨肾上腺囊肿的CT、MRI表现,以提高诊断的准确率。方法:回顾性分析手术病理证实的9例肾上腺囊肿的CT、MRI表现。结果:9例肾上腺囊肿,5例行CT检查:1例呈圆形,2例呈椭圆形,2例呈分叶状。平扫囊肿密度均匀,CT值15~35HU,3例囊壁有钙化;增强扫描囊内均无强化,2例囊壁呈环形强化,3例囊壁无强化。4例行MR平扫:均呈长T1长T2异常信号,并且囊内可见分隔,分隔与液体相比呈短T1短T2异常信号,厚薄均匀,边缘光滑。结论:CT、MRI是肾上腺囊肿定位、定性诊断较为可靠和准确的方法。     

CT诊断肝包虫病1例

患者　男 ,30岁。腹部胀痛 1年。查体无阳性发现。近1年来多次超声检查示肝右叶多房性囊肿 ,并逐渐增大。患者曾在新疆服兵役 3年 ,有疫区生活史。Casoni免疫试验阳性 ,血清酶联免疫吸附试验阳性。CT扫描示肝脏右叶多房状囊性低密度影 ,边缘清晰 ,囊壁薄 ,局部呈弧形钙化 ,大囊内可见多个大小不等的子囊 ,子囊密度低于母囊 (图 1) ,CT值 2～ 30HU ,最大截面约 11.2cm× 8.1cm ,上下径约 8.0cm。增强扫描 ,囊壁轻度强化 ,囊内容物及囊内间隔未见强化 (图 2 )。CT诊断 :肝右叶包虫囊肿。　　手术所见 :肝右叶后上段可见一囊状肿物 ,大小约…     

盆腔棘球蚴病的CT诊断

目的 分析盆腔包虫囊肿的CT表现。评价CT检查的价值。方法 21例经临床和（或）手术病理资料证实为包虫囊肿的病人均经CT检查,分析CT表现特点,并对照手术病理结果。结果 3例单纯性包虫囊肿表现为盆腔内单发或多发的圆形或类圆形囊性低密度灶,不增强;17例多子囊性包虫囊肿,在囊性肿物内还可见更低密度大小不一的子囊;4例破裂感染者,因囊膜剥离而形成“双壁征”,“水蛇征”或“飘带征”,2例继发感染者囊液密度增高,囊壁及其内容物明显强化;囊肿钙化8例。表现为囊壁的弧线形钙化,或伴有内容物的钙化。结论 CT检查能准确地显示盆腔包虫囊肿的部位和形态特征。对该病的诊断和治疗有重要意义。     

肝包虫病的MRI诊断

目的:分析肝包虫病的MRI表现，评价MRI对肝包虫病的诊断价值。资料与方法:回顾分析18例经MRI诊断及手术病理证实的肝包虫病影像学资料。结果:18例共发现肝包虫囊肿29个。单房型包虫囊肿6个,MRI表现为边缘光滑的圆形或类圆形病灶，T1 WI呈均匀低信号，T2WI呈高信号，囊壁可清晰显示为低信号；多房型包虫囊肿22个，包虫囊肿内可见多个子囊和不同程度的基质，整个囊肿形态呈车轮状或桑葚状；实质钙化型包虫囊肿1个。MRI术前诊断准确性为94．4％。结论:MRI对肝包虫病有较高的诊断价值，可作为CT及B超等影像学检查方法的有效补充。     

脊柱包虫病的MRI诊断（附三例报告）

作者报告３例经手术证实的脊柱包虫囊肿的ＭＲＩ表现，其特征性表现为：（１）卵圆形或圆形水样信号囊肿；（２）母囊内有子囊；（３）连续低信号囊壁；（４）囊膜分离征。还对本病的诊断和鉴别诊断进行了扼要的讨论。     

纵隔棘球蚴病的CT表现

目的:探讨纵隔棘球蚴病的CT表现。方法:回顾性分析10年以来的5例纵隔棘球蚴囊肿的CT影像特点。结果:5例病灶为圆形或椭圆形囊性肿块,壁略厚。2例病灶为单囊型,其中1例病灶囊肿壁钙化;3例病灶为多囊型,其中2例病灶囊肿壁有钙化。增强扫描棘球蚴囊肿壁均强化明显。结论:CT对纵隔棘球蚴病定位、定性有较高的诊断价值。     

肌肉软组织包虫囊肿的CT诊断

目的 探讨原发性肌肉软组织包虫囊肿的CT表现.资料与方法 分析11例经手术病理证实的肌肉软组织包虫囊肿的CT表现.结果 11例中,发生在颈部3例,胸壁2例,腰大肌3例,背部1例,腹壁1例,臀部1例;其中单发6例,多发5例,共17枚病灶.CT平扫均表现为单囊型包虫囊肿,呈圆形或卵圆形囊性低密度肿物, 密度均匀,接近水的密度, 边缘光滑清楚,周围组织有受压、推移改变.增强扫描囊肿无强化.结论 CT可显示肌肉软组织包虫囊肿的部位、大小、形态和内部特征.     

Radiological characteristics of pulmonary hydatid disease in children: less common radiological appearances

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the chest roentgenogram and CT characteristics of pulmonary hydatid disease (PHD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-seven (27 male and 20 female, aged between 3 and 11 years) consecutive pediatric patients with surgically proven pulmonary hydatid cysts were enrolled for the study. Posteroanterior and lateral chest roentgenograms, CT of the chest, and laboratory findings (latex agglutination, Casoni skin test, and eosinophil count) were obtained from all of the patients. The radiological features (localization, internal architecture, number, diameter) were determined. RESULTS: On CT examination, a total of 79 cysts were determined. On chest roentgenogram, 57 of 79 cysts were detected in all patients. Single cysts were seen in 33 patients, while multiple cysts were seen in 14. Median CT density of the cysts was 21 Hounsfield units (HU) (0-80). There were six giant cysts (>10 cm of cyst diameter). The crescent sign, water lily sign, and air-fluid level were seen in two, five and eight of the cysts, respectively. Apart from the classically described features of pulmonary hydatid cysts of the lung, a crescent-shaped rim of air at the lower end of the cyst (inverse crescent sign) was detected in three cysts. All of the liquid content of the cyst was expelled to the bronchial system (dry cyst sign) was observed in seven cysts. There were two infected cysts. Heavily calcified curvilinear cyst wall was present in one cyst. Pericystic reaction in the lung tissue was observed in five patients. Other features included pleural effusion (n=2), mediastinal shift (n=6) and atelectasis (n=7). CONCLUSIONS: Chest roentgenogram is helpful for diagnosis of intact cysts but, it is impossible to define entire morphology of the complicated cysts. CT imaging recognize certain details of the lesions and discover others that are not visible by conventional radiography. In conclusion, CT examination should be done to elucidate cystic nature of the lung mass and for accurate localization in the preoperative period. In addition, inverse crescent sign should be recognized as feature of pulmonary hydatid cysts on CT.     

CT characterization of multivesicular hydatid cysts

One hundred seventy-eight abdominal multivesicular hydatid cysts were classified into three types (A, B, C) based on CT densities and morphology of cysts. The CT density of viable daughter cysts was always appreciably lower than those of mother hydatid cysts. This density differential between mother and daughter hydatid cyst fluid is a useful diagnostic sign.     

颅内包虫病的CT诊断

目的探讨颅内包虫病的CT表现。方法分析经手术、病理证实的6例颅内包虫病的CT征象,其中单发脑内包虫囊肿3例,多发1例,硬膜外包虫囊肿1例,肝脑多发泡型棘球蚴病1例。结果颅内包虫病一般表现为典型囊肿性病变,轮廓清晰、锐利,CT值与脑脊液相似,囊内容物密度均一,囊壁无或轻度增强。脑泡型棘球蚴病无特异CT征象,有时表现酷似脑胶质瘤。结论CT是诊断颅内包虫病简捷、准确的影像学检查方法,密切结合临床资料正确诊断多无困难。     

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings in cerebral hydatid disease

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the discriminative computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of cerebral hydatid disease.Methods: The CT and MRI findings of four cases of surgically proven cerebral hydatid cysts were retrospectively reviewed. Results: CT demonstrated well-defined cystic lesions with no perilesional oedema and no contrast enhancement in all cases except one recurrent disease that showed both peripheral oedema and rim enhancement. MR images revealed well-defined cystic lesions with a quite clear rim that showed relative hypointensity limited to some aspects of the cyst walls on T2-weighted images. The cysts were spherical and obvious mass effect was observed on both CT and MR examinations. Conclusions: Although the cystic nature of intracranial hydatid disease could be equally well demonstrated on CT and MR examinations, CT is superior in detecting calcification of the cyst wall or septa, when present, and MR is better in demonstrating cyst capsule, detecting multiplicity and defining the anatomic relationship of the lesion with the adjacent structures and helps in surgical planning.     

CT findings in pulmonary hydatid disease.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to present the CT findings of complicated pulmonary hydatid cysts on the basis of the CT appearances. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Preoperative CT examinations of 19 cases with hydatid cysts were evaluated retrospectively for the number and various features of the cysts and secondary changes in adjacent structures. The results were compared with surgical findings. RESULTS: While 7 patients had multiple pulmonary hydatid cysts, 12 patients had solitary cyst. The total number of the cysts was 29. Eleven of them were intact cysts. Two of the 18 complicated cysts were only ruptured, while the remaining 16 complicated cysts were ruptured and infected. The endocyst was separated from a pericyst in a local area in one ruptured cyst. Air-bubbles were seen within 14 infected cysts. Nine of the infected cysts had characteristic appearances of hydatid disease. The other 2 infected cysts showed soft tissue density. CONCLUSION: CT can provide the specific diagnosis of pulmonary hydatid cysts by demonstrating the number and features of the cysts, characteristic appearances of complicated cysts, and secondary changes in adjacent structures. Whether there are characteristic signs or not, the demonstration of air-bubbles within the cyst, together with ring enhancement, are strong indicators for infected hydatid cysts.