NKCC1 小鼠的内耳超微结构观察及其与听觉平衡功能的关系

目的研究不同基因型Na-K-2Cl联合转运子1(NKCC1)小鼠的耳蜗和前庭器官的超微形态特点及其与听觉平衡功能的关系。方法采用电子显微镜对NKCC1 / 野生型鼠、NKCC1 /-杂合子鼠和NKCC1-/-基因敲除鼠的耳蜗基底膜和前庭椭圆囊进行观察,并应用听觉脑干反应(ABR)检测各基因型鼠的听力和观察平衡表现。结果电镜观察显示NKCC1-/-鼠的边缘细胞体积明显缩小,边缘细胞与中间细胞之间空隙扩大成空泡样,并可见前庭膜贴附于边缘细胞的顶膜边缘上。NKCC1-/-鼠外毛细胞呈现为点状缺失,椭圆囊毛细胞仅有少许残留。NKCC1 / 鼠听力和平衡正常,ABR检测的短声阈值为23.13±3.78(dB SPL);NKCC1 /-鼠听力低于NKCC1 / 鼠,ABR短声阈值为38.49±12.29(dB SPL)。NKCC1 / 和NKCC1 /-鼠ABR的阈值在各个频率的差异均有极显著性意义(均P<0.01)。NKCC1-/-鼠呈现全聋并有平衡失调,ABR的各个频率在100 dB SPL均无反应。结论NKCC1基因在内耳表达的不同可以影响小鼠的听觉平衡功能并导致内耳形态改变;内耳形态改变也可作为基因缺失小鼠听觉平衡的形态学基础。     

大鼠双侧输尿管梗阻后肾脏钠通道的改变

目的 :探讨泌尿系梗阻后肾脏功能的改变机制。方法 :2 0只大鼠随机分为实验组 (n =10 )及对照组 (n =10 )。实验组双侧输尿管梗阻 2 4h后解除梗阻 ,对照组手术同实验组 ,但不结扎。所有大鼠于术前 3d及术后 4d测量饮水量、食量、体重及尿量 ;术后 4d抽取动脉血化验 ,同时取出双侧肾脏 ;右肾全肾快速放入液氮冰冻备份 ,左肾分离出内髓 (IM)、外髓内带 (ISOM)、外髓外带加肾皮质 (OSOM +C) ,免疫杂交法检测 3型钠氢交换通道 (NHE3)、钠钾ATP酶 (Na -K -ATPase)和钠 -钾 - 2氯协同转运通道蛋白 (BSC - 1)。结果 :实验组输尿管梗阻 2 4h后引起肾脏水钠排泄异常 ,机体水电解质紊乱 ;肾脏不同部位NHE3、Na-K -ATPase及BSC - 1表达均较对照组降低 (P均<0 .0 1)。结论 :NHE3、Na-K -ATPase及BSC - 1水平降低可能是泌尿系梗阻后肾小管性钠回吸收障碍、低渗性尿量增多的主要原因之一     

幽门螺杆菌致小鼠胃炎的实验研究

目的:建立模拟人类感染幽门螺杆菌的小鼠动物模型。方法:选用来自复合性溃疡患者的幽门螺杆菌临床新鲜分离株,以109 CFU·ml1 的菌量按Marta 等报道的方法接种Balb/c 小鼠,最后1 次接种后5 d、2 周、3 周、4 周分别进行检测。结果:接种幽门螺杆菌的实验小鼠胃粘膜均分离出幽门螺杆菌,病理切片显示实验小鼠胃粘膜有不同程度的炎性细胞浸润。结论:选用幽门螺杆菌临床新鲜分离株,按一定方法给小鼠接种,可导致小鼠发生胃炎     

脑欣方有效部位对冷水负重游泳模型小鼠脑保护作用的实验研究

目的探讨脑欣方有效部位(NXFEC)对脑的保护作用.方法①小鼠8 ℃冷水负重游泳5 min,测定小鼠断头张口呼吸时间.②小鼠8 ℃冷水负重游泳5 min,测定脑组织生化代谢的改变.结果①与模型组比较,NXFEC 0.1、0.2、0.4 g/kg 3个剂量组均能不同程度地延长模型小鼠的断头张口呼吸时间(P<0.05,P<0.01).②与正常对照组相比,模型小鼠脑组织乳酸(LA)含量增加,Na -K -ATP酶和Ca2 -Mg2 -ATP酶活力降低, NXFEC可以明显逆转模型小鼠脑组织上述生化指标的异常改变(P<0.01).结论 NXFEC 可延长冷水负重游泳模型动物的断头张口呼吸时间,改善脑组织生化代谢,具有对脑的显著保护作用.     

息化饮2号对高血压模型大鼠的降压实验及活血化瘀作用研究

目的　探讨息化饮 2号对高血压病的降压及活血化瘀作用。方法　观察息化饮 2号对二肾一夹型肾血管性高血压大鼠 (2K1C RHR)模型的血压及对凝血、纤溶系统及心肌病理等方面的影响。结果　活血化瘀中药具有降低血压 ,减慢心率 ,改善血液流变学及微循环障碍 ,提高纤溶活性及红细胞变形能力 ,增强抗凝能力 ,防止机体血栓形成 ,延缓心室肥厚的发生等方面的重要作用。结论　证明了活血化瘀法治疗高血压病确实可提高疗效 ,减轻并发症的发生。     

Effect of Health Education Based on Integrative Therapy of Chinese and Western Medicine for Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Study

Objective: To investigate the effects of health education based on integrative therapy of Chinese and Western medicine for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) from the aspects of knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP), health-related quality of life(HRQo L), body mass index(BMI) and glucose control. Methods: Patients were individually randomized into intervention group(receiving integrative education, n=120) and control group(receiving usual education, n=120). The primary outcome was the changes in glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) levels after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months from baseline. Hierarchical linear models(HLMs) were used to assess within-group changes in outcomes over time and between-group differences in patterns of change. Secondary outcomes were KAP scores, HRQo L scores and BMI after 6 and 12 months, paired-sample t test was used to assess within-group changes in outcomes in 6 and 12 months, independent-sample t test was used to assess between-group differences in patterns of change. Results: HbA1c decreased statistically from baseline to 3 months, from 3 to 6 months, from 6 to 9 months and from 9 to 12 months in the intervention group(all P0.01); and decreased significantly from baseline to 3 months, and from 3 to 6 months in the control group(P0.01). There were significant between-group differences from baseline to 3 months(P=0.044), from 6 to 9 months(P0.01) and from 9 to 12 months(P0.01). Significant improvements in the intervention group along with significant between-group differences were found in KAP and HRQo L scores respectively(all P0.05). The number in the intervention group of normal weight increased from 56 at baseline to 81(6 months), 94(12 months), the number in the control group were 63(baseline), 69(6 months), 70(12 months), the χ~2 of hierarchical analysis of BMI were 6.93(P=0.075), 10.31(P=0.016), 15.53(P0.01), respectively. Conclusion: Health education based on integrative therapy of Chinese and Western medicine is beneficial to the control of T2DM and should be recommended for T2DM.