保守削痂自体皮移植临床疗效观察

对深Ⅱ度烧伤创面进行保守削痂自体刃厚皮移植术,能尽量保留真皮厚度,减轻瘢痕挛缩程度,改善创面外观及功能.2007年11月-2009年1月,笔者单位采用保守削痂+自体皮移植术修复Ⅱ～Ⅲ度创面,收到较好的效果.     

保守削痂自体皮移植临床疗效观察

对深Ⅱ度烧伤创面进行保守削痂自体刃厚皮移植术,能尽量保留真皮厚度,减轻瘢痕挛缩程度,改善创面外观及功能.2007年11月-2009年1月,笔者单位采用保守削痂+自体皮移植术修复Ⅱ～Ⅲ度创面,收到较好的效果.     

保守削痂自体皮移植临床疗效观察

对深Ⅱ度烧伤创面进行保守削痂自体刃厚皮移植术,能尽量保留真皮厚度,减轻瘢痕挛缩程度,改善创面外观及功能.2007年11月-2009年1月,笔者单位采用保守削痂+自体皮移植术修复Ⅱ～Ⅲ度创面,收到较好的效果.     

烧伤患者肢体削痂植皮手术中止血带的应用

目的　探讨烧伤患者肢体削痂植皮手术中止血带的使用方法。方法　 79例拟行肢体削痂植皮手术的烧伤患者随机分为两组 ,A组 (4 1例 )采取持续止血带控制下的削痂植皮 ;B组 (38例 )仅在削痂时使用止血带 ,植皮过程中不使用。观察手术过程中两组的手术失血量、输血量、手术时间和术后创面植皮成活率、有无并发症。　结果　A组手术失血量和输血量比B组分别减少 4 2 %和 5 0 % (P<0 .0 0 1) ,上、下肢手术时间与B组相比缩短了 4 1%和 37% (P <0 .0 0 1) ,两组植皮成活率和皮片下血肿发生率差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论　采用持续止血带技术能有效地控制肢体削痂植皮手术中的失血 ,减少输血量 ,缩短手术时间     

脱细胞异体真皮基质支架网加自体刃厚皮对32例切削痂创面应用体会

目的探讨解决大面积深度烧伤创面修复时自体全厚皮皮源不足,及中厚皮术后有较重回缩,供皮区再次遗留瘢痕等临床问题。方法对32例大中面积深度烧伤患者和肉芽创面患者采用切痂,削痂及肉芽创面以手术刀切除肉芽组织和纤维板后,做脱细胞异体真皮支架网加自体刃厚皮联合移植。结果切痂创面15例,术后皮片全部愈合。削痂创面6例,其中1例术后第5天溶解,余5例全部愈合。烧伤肉芽创面11例,皮片成活良好全部愈合。经术后1~6年随访,患者受皮区外观平整。色泽较深,柔软,弹性好,无瘢痕增生。供皮区愈合良好,未见瘢痕增生。结论脱细胞异体真皮基质支架网加自体刃厚皮对烧伤创面起到全厚皮作用,减少创面收缩,还能抑制肉芽组织过度增生和瘢痕形成,是一种较为理想的真皮替代物。     

削痂保留变性真皮治疗小儿大面积深Ⅱ度烧伤疗效分析

目的:比较削痂保留变性真皮覆盖人工皮或移植自体皮治疗小儿大面积深Ⅱ度烧伤创面的效果。方法:将2011年2月-2014年3月收治的15例患儿,按手术方法不同分为两组,进行回顾性分析。人工皮组:应用削痂保留变性真皮覆盖人工皮7例;植皮组:应用削痂保留变性真皮后移植自体头皮8例。统计2组术前3d及术后2周创面分泌物细菌培养结果,比较两组患儿创面愈合时间和瘢痕增生情况。对数据进行t检验或Fisher确切概率法分析。结果:术前2组创面细菌培养结果均为阴性。术后2组创面细菌培养结果相近(P0.05)。植皮组创面愈合时间(11.9±1.5)d明显短于人工皮组(23.4±2.4)d,t=11.54,P0.01。随访1年,瘢痕增生情况两组相近。结论:应用削痂保留变性真皮覆盖人工皮或植皮并不能减轻瘢痕增生,但植皮可以缩短创面愈合时间。     

去细胞异体真皮、去细胞猪真皮和自体刃厚皮移植在临床中的应用

目的观察去细胞异体真皮或去细胞猪真皮加自体刃厚皮移植在深度烧伤和整形外科中的应用效果。方法采用去细胞异体真皮或我们研制的去细胞猪真皮加自体刃厚皮移植的方法,修复各种创面119例次,比较不同创面的植皮成活率,观察应用不同部位的皮肤覆盖去细胞异体真皮或去细胞猪真皮与植皮成活的关系,并对部分病例进行了组织学观察和随访。结果削痂、切痂和切瘢创面植皮成活率分别为(93．4％±3．1)％、(92．1±4．6)％和(94．5±3．8)％,三者间差异无显著意义;去细胞异体真皮加自体刃厚皮移植与去细胞猪真皮加自体刃厚皮移植,二者植皮成活率差异无显著意义。躯干、四肢自体刃厚皮覆盖的去细胞异体真皮或去细胞猪真皮,植皮成活率分别为(93．1±4．8)％、(89．0±6．2)％,而应用刃厚头皮或自体微粒皮加异体皮覆盖的去细胞异体真皮或去细胞猪真皮,植皮成活率明显下降(P<0．05或0．01)。组织学观察,术后19个月时表皮、真皮形态正常,胶原纤维排列规则,未见胶原纤维明显增生和瘢痕化,无皮肤附件。成活的复合移植皮肤,与邻近正常肤色近似,色素沉着轻,无明显皱缩,触之软,活动度好。结论去细胞异体真皮或去细胞猪真皮加自体刃厚皮移植修复深度烧伤创面或切瘢后创面不失为一种较理想的材料。     

人工真皮结合自体刃厚皮片治疗上肢热压伤的疗效观察

目的：探讨人工真皮结合自体刃厚皮片治疗上肢热压伤的临床效果。方法：选择笔者医院2020年6月-2022年3月收治的因热压伤导致上肢皮肤缺损患者12例,其中全层皮肤损伤7例,合并肌腱外露5例。所有患者创面清创切痂后行人工真皮植入术,待人工真皮血管化后行自体刃厚皮片移植修复创面,观察记录术后创面愈合情况、并发症、瘢痕情况及患者满意度。结果：本组12例患者创面一期植入人工真皮后均完成血管化,平均血管化时间19.16(14～21)d,术后7 d创面愈合率96.4%,术后1个月植皮区无感染、血清肿、水疱发生。术后6个月,植皮区及取皮区温哥华瘢痕评分分别为（2.16±2.36）分和（0.95±1.56）分,创面满意度评分为（4.31±0.32）分。结论：使用人工真皮结合自体刃厚皮片治疗上肢热压伤创面,操作简单,效果良好,创面外观满意度高,安全性好。     

真皮模板对大鼠创面组织生物力学顺应性的影响

目的　探讨真皮模板对创伤修复过程中创面皮肤组织生物力学顺应性的影响。方法将144只SD大鼠造成全层皮肤组织缺损,根据是否行自体皮移植及移植皮厚度随机分为开放创面组(创面不植皮,包扎后自然愈合)、全厚皮组(创面移植自体全厚皮)、刃厚皮组(创面移植自体刃厚皮)、复合移植组(创面移植脱细胞真皮基质 自体刃厚皮),每组每时相点6只大鼠。分别于术后1、2、4、6、12、20周取创面组织标本,用Instron生物力学测定仪测定各组创面组织的生物力学顺应性;用亲和素生物素复合物(ABC)法检测各组真皮成纤维细胞中α平滑肌肌动蛋白(αSMA)的表达量。结果　术后4—20周复合移植组创面组织的力学顺应性优于开放创面组和刃厚皮组(P<0 .05), 较全厚皮组差(P<0 .05).术后4周复合移植组αSMA的阳性表达率为(7. 53±0. 98)%,低于开放创面组(26. 99±2. 90)%和刃厚皮组[ (12. 18±2. 79)%,P<0 .01], 高于全厚皮组。　结论　真皮模板可改善组织的力学顺应性, 这可能是其影响创面愈合过程中瘢痕形成、改善愈合质量的机制之一。     

不同种属脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮复合移植近期效果的对比研究

目的　对比研究异体和异种脱细胞真皮基质 (acellular dermal matrix,ADM)与自体刃厚皮复合移植 ,应用在烧伤创面的近期效果 ,为全层皮肤缺损的无瘢痕修复寻求理想的皮肤替代物。　方法　 2 0 0 1年 9月～ 2 0 0 3年 6月 ,以两种 ADM分别与自体刃厚皮复合移植于 18例 度烧伤患者的切痂创面 ,以单纯自体中厚皮移植作对照 ,通过术后 2周自体皮成活率、术后 8周自体皮收缩率和温哥华瘢痕评分比较移植效果。　结果　三种移植方式术后 2周皮片成活率组间比较无差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;其中 14例患者术后第 8周随访 ,未见明显排斥反应 ,三种移植方式术后 8周皮片收缩率和瘢痕评分组间比较无差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。　结论　异体和异种 ADM在临床上具有相近的效果 ,均能用于受皮者的皮肤重建。     

真皮模板对深度烧伤患者创面愈合过程中转化生长因子β1及其受体和信号转导蛋白Smad 3表达的影响

目的观察真皮模板对深度烧伤创面愈合过程中转化生长因子(TGF)β1及其受体和信号转导蛋白Smad3表达的影响。方法20例烧伤患者四肢Ⅲ度创面切痂后分为两部分,进行同体对照试验其一移植真皮模板(异体脱细胞真皮基质) 自体刃厚皮片,设为模板干预组;另一部分单纯移植自体刃厚皮片,为对照组。分别在术后1、2、3、4周取患者移植创面组织标本进行免疫组织化学染色,采用图像分析系统测定标本中TGFβ1、TGFβ1受体(TβR)Ⅰ、TβRⅡ及Smad3蛋白的阳性表达率。结果移植术后1—4周两组创面组织切片中均可见TGFβ1、TβRⅠ、TβRⅡ、Smad3蛋白呈阳性表达。随着创面逐渐愈合,四者的阳性表达率均逐渐减少,术后1周模板干预组TGFβ1的表达率为(13.08±4.65)%,4周时为(9.03±1.89)%。相同时相点下模板干预组各项指标的阳性表达率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论真皮模板与自体刃厚皮复合移植可降低深度烧伤创面TGFβ1、TβRⅠ、TβRⅡ、Smad3蛋白的表达水平,这可能是真皮模板减轻创面瘢痕增生的机制之一。     

Quantitative and qualitative dermal change with microfat grafting of facial scars

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in dermal characteristics with subdermal fat grafting of cutaneous scars. DESIGN: Prospective cohort. METHODS: Fourteen patients with various scar types were treated with subdermal fat grafting over 30 months. Dermal elasticity, vascularity, pigmentation, patient perception and satisfaction, and observer assessment of scar characteristics were evaluated preoperatively and 1 year after treatment with validated objective and subjective measures. RESULTS: Significant improvements were observed in dermal elasticity, patient and observer perception of scar thickness, patient perception of stiffness, and observer perception of relief and pliability (P < 0.05). A trend toward significance was seen in observer assessment of height as evaluated by the Vancouver Scar Scale (P < 0.1). No significant differences were seen in quantitatively and qualitatively measured vascularity and pigmentation (P > 0.1). No significant difference in pain, pruritis, and irregularity were reported (P > 0.1). CONCLUSION: Although fat grafting represents a subdermal process, it appears to improve certain quantitative and qualitative dermal characteristics. Fat grafting does not appear to affect skin color, vascularity, or patient symptoms.     

Comparative effectiveness analysis of deep low heat burns in the shin surgical approaches: Outcomes and cost for wound rehabilitation

A variety of surgical techniques exist for deep burn wounds in the shin at low temperature reconstruction after appropriate debridement, but limited high-quality data exist to inform treatment strategies. Using multi-institutional data, the authors evaluated the length of healing time, cost, and outcomes of three common surgical reconstructive modalities. All subjects with deep burn wounds in the shin caused by low temperature who received direct suture repair, skin grafting, or local flap reconstruction were retrospectively reviewed (from 2015.01 to 2021.03). Mean operation time, mean blood loss in operation, postoperative healing time, whether there is scar depression after operation were the primary outcomes; patient satisfaction score, Vancouver scar scale (VSS) score and average costs were secondary outcomes. Two hundred subjects (68 suture, 87 skin-grafting, and 45 local flap coverage patients) were evaluated. Matched patients (n = 200; 3/groups) were analysed. The average operation time, average operation blood loss, and postoperative healing time were statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Readmissions and reoperations were greater for direct suture and local flaps, if achievable, direct suture provided success at low cost. Skin grafting was effective with large burn wounds but at higher costs and longer length of stay. Local flaps successfully treated smaller burn wounds unable to suture directly, with less pigmentation and scars, even suitable for older patients. Deep low heat burn wounds in the shin healing can be performed effectively using multiple modalities with varying degrees of success and costs. Direct suture or local skin flap reconstruction, if achievable, provides successful coverage at minimal costs, no skin contractures, and reducing length of hospital stay.     

Efficacy of hydrosurgical excision combined with skin grafting in the treatment of deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burns: A two-year retrospective study

IntroductionDeep partial-thickness and full-thickness burn wounds often undergo tangential excision or escharectomy to expose healthy tissue, combined with skin grafting to promote wound healing. However, conventional tangential excision with the humby knife leads to inevitable damage to the dermis while excising burn tissue due to the lack of precision. Indeed, the preservation of dermal tissue is a key factor in determining wound healing and scar quality. The precision and tissue selectivity of the Versajet Hydrosurgical System has been established for excising burn tissue while preserving dermal tissue. In this study, we retrospectively compared the efficacy of "Hydrosurgical excision combined with skin grafting" and "Conventional tangential excision combined with skin grafting" in treating deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burn wounds to demonstrate that hydrosurgery improved the treatment of deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burns.MethodsA total of 86 patients with deep partial-thickness and/or full-thickness burns with a total burn surface area (TBSA) ≤ 25% from July 2018 to July 2020 were included in this study and were divided into experimental (hydrosurgical excision combined with skin grafting, n = 43) and control (conventional tangential excision combined with skin grafting, n = 43) groups. Parameters were analyzed, including the intraoperative blood loss volume per unit area of grafted skin, surgery duration, wound healing time, skin graft survival, and the treatment costs per unit of burned area. Scar assessment was performed at 1 year with the modified Vancouver Scar Scale linked with TBSA (mVSS-TBSA).ResultNo significant difference was found in male to female ratio, age, weight, TBSA, burn depth, skin grafting area (SKA), skin grafting methods, cases treated with carbon dioxide fractional laser or incidence of inhalation injury, and the incidence of hypovolemic shock between two groups(p > 0.05). Compared with the control group, patients treated with hydrosurgical excision combined with skin grafting experienced less intraoperative blood loss volume per unit area of grafted skin (p < 0.05). The mVSS-TBSA of patients that underwent hydrosurgical excision combined with skin grafting was significantly improved in comparison to the control group (p < 0.01). No significant difference was found in surgery duration, wound healing time, skin graft survival and treatment costs per unit of burned area between the two groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionHydrosurgical excision combined with skin grafting reduced intraoperative blood loss volume per unit area of grafted skin, improved scarring 1-year after injury, and did not increase the treatment costs per unit of burned area. This technique provides a novel alternative for managing deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burn wounds.     

人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮移植与自体皮瓣移植修复手部深度软组织缺损的比较研究

目的:比较人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮移植与自体皮瓣移植在修复手部深度软组织缺损中的临床效果.方法:选取2013年1月-2016年12月我科收治的手部深度软组织缺损患者22例,按手术方法不同分为两组,观察组采用人工真皮联合自体刃厚皮修复手部缺损,对照组采用自体皮瓣进行修复.采用温哥华瘢痕量表评分比较两组患者术后随访半年期间手部及供区瘢痕增生情况,观察术后手部外观及功能恢复情况、患者对治疗效果的满意度等.结果:术后随访半年,观察组手部瘢痕增生评分[(2.27±1.19)分]明显少于对照组[(4.09±1.83)分];观察组供皮区瘢痕增生评分[(1.02±0.94)分]明显少于对照组[(5.27±2.15)分];术后外观上,观察组无明显异常,对照组则臃肿明显,其中8例选择进行二次修复手术;观察组手功能恢复明显优于对照组;患者满意度(90.9％)高于对照组(63.6％).结论:对于手部深度组织缺损的修复,应用人工真皮联合自体刃厚皮进行修复效果确切,术后手部瘢痕增生少,功能恢复好,供区损伤大大降低,相比自体皮瓣进行修复拥有明显优势.     

A comparison on the scar development when done through overlapping versus approximating seams techniques — A clinical trial

IntroductionSkin autografting is performed widely for deep burn wounds as an ideal coverage. Scaring at the site of grafting has been always a challenge for surgeons. Many methods have been proposed to lessen the probability of scaring, but conflicting results have been obtained. It is said that the suture type is important in the development of scaring. Seams technique has also been introduced to decrease scar after autografting.ObjectiveWe sought to compare two approximating (AP) and overlapping (OV) Seams technique to compare the development of scars.Methods and materialsPatients with deep burns of 10% to 50% TBSA who were candidates for grafting entered this double-blind randomized trial. One side of the graft was fixed with a stapler using the “approximating” technique and the other side was fixed by the “overlapping” technique with a 1–2 mm margin overlap. The Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) standard was used to evaluate scar formation at the graft edges at six months. Data entered SPSS 16 and analyzed. A P-value below 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsThirty-six patients entered. Two (5.6%) were females and 34 (94.4%) males. The mean age of patients was 39.14 ± 8.53 years. The mean burn surface area percentage was 15.2 ± 2.84. Vascularity Scar index had no statistically significant difference between the overlapping and approximating techniques (P = 0.564). However, pigmentation (P = 0.014), pliability (P = 0.008) and the height indices (P < 0.001) were statistically significantly better in the approximating technique. The mean of total score of Vancouver was better in the approximating technique as well (P < 0.001).ConclusionWe compared two techniques of Seams between the normal skin and the graft edge for the first time. We showed that the AP method had a better Vancouver score compared to the OV regarding pigmentation, height, and pliability indices.     

Acellular allograft dermal matrix: immediate or delayed epidermal coverage?

In a prospective, randomized study seventeen patients received skin grafts to a freshly excised burn wound. One group was grafted with a deantigenized dermal matrix and immediately overgrafted with thin autograft. The second group was grafted with dermal matrix, which was then covered with bank allograft for protection, and autografted 1 week later. Each group also received a standard split thickness control graft. Assessment was carried out for up to 1 year. There were no statistically significant differences of graft take between any of the groups, or in the Vancouver scar score at follow-up. Thin donor sites used for dermal matrix coverage healed faster than standard control graft sites, P<0.001. Immediate grafting of acellular dermal matrix with thin autograft works well and leads to an acceptable late result, with faster donor site healing than standard split thickness grafts.     

The use of MatriDerm in early excision and simultaneous autologous skin grafting in burns--a pilot study

The application of dermal substitutes in deep partial and full-thickness burn wounds in a two-stage procedure prior to skin grafting has become increasingly popular. Synchronous application of dermal substitutes and skin graft has not yet been established as a standard procedure. In a consecutive study 20 wounds in 10 patients with severe burns (age 49.5+/-16.2 years; TBSA 45.6+/-14.5%) were treated with either simultaneous transplantation of Matriderm, a bovine based collagen I, III, V and elastin hydrolysate based dermal substitute and split-thickness skin grafting (STSG), or STSG alone after appropriate excision of the burn wound. The study was designed as a prospective intra-individual comparative study. After 1 week all wounds were assessed for the percentage of autograft survival. Autograft survival was not altered by simultaneous application of a dermal matrix (p=0.015). Skin elasticity was measured after 3-4 months with the Vancouver Burn Skin Score (VBSS). The VBSS demonstrated a significant increase of elasticity in the group with dermal substitutes (p=0.04) as compared with non-substituted wounds for sheet autograft, but not for meshed autograft (p=0.24). From this pilot study it can be concluded that simultaneous application of a dermal matrix is safe and feasible, yielding significantly better results with respect to skin elasticity. Skin elasticity was considerably improved by the collagen/elastin dermal substitute Matriderm in combination with sheet autograft.     

Conservative surgical debridement as a burn treatment: Supporting evidence from a porcine burn model

In thermal deep‐dermal burns, surgical debridement is normally used in conjunction with skin grafting or skin substitutes and debridement alone as a burn treatment is not usually practiced. The current study addresses whether or not debridement alone would enhance burn wound healing on small deep‐dermal‐partial thickness burns. This was a prospective and blinded experimental trial using a porcine deep‐dermal‐partial thickness burn model. Four burns, approximately 50 cm² in size, were created on each of eight pigs. Two burns from each pig were immediately surgically debrided and the other two were not debrided as the internal control. Hydrate gel together with paraffin gauze were used to cover the burns for four pigs and silver dressings for the other four. Clinical assessment of wound healing was conducted over a 6‐week period. Skin samples were collected at the end of the experiment and histopathological evaluation was performed. The results show thinner scar formation and lower scar height in the debrided compared with nondebrided wounds in the hydrate gel/paraffin gauze groups. There were no statistically significant differences in wound healing assessment between the debrided and nondebrided wounds dressed with silver dressings. This study provides supporting evidence that immediate debridement with an appropriate dressing and without skin grafting may promote wound healing, suggesting its potential benefit for clinical patients.